A Study on Coagulation and MF Membrane Process for the Reuse of Sewage Effluent

Ke Jin Paik 대한환경위생공학회 2005 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.20 No.3

하수처리장 방류수의 재이용을 위해 2004년 1월~12월까지 수질상태를 조사하였다. BOD, SS, 탁도, 총인과 색도의 월별로 조사한 연평균은 각각 4.1 ㎎/L, 2.9 ㎎/L, 0.8 NTU, 1.3 ㎎/L, 27 unit이었다. 쟈테스트는 급속혼화 5분, 완속교반 15분, 침전 1시간의 조건 하에서 오염물질의 제거율을 조사하였다. 사용된 응집제는 Alum과 폴리염화알루미늄이고, 방류수 중의 색도, 탁도, 총인, 총유기탄소 등을 제거하는데 효과가 있었다. 특히 폴리염화알루미늄을 사용시 탁도와 용존성인의 제거 효과가 좋았다. 응집공정과 연속한 정밀여과 공정에 의한 유기물의 제거효과를 조사한 결과, 분자량 1,000 Dalton 이상의 범위에 있는 물질의 제거가 잘 이루어진 반면, 소독부산물의 생성에 영향을 주는 분자량 500 Dalton 이하 물질의 제거율은 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 복합공정에서 이 범위 분자량의 물질을 제거하기 위해 흡착공정 등의 추가공정이 필요할 것으로 본다. Prior to the study of the sewage treatment methods, water quality for Gwangju sewage effluent was investigated from January to December, 2004 for sewage water reuse. Monthly mean values of BOD, SS, turbidity, total phosphorus and color were 4.1 ㎎/L, 2.9 ㎎/L, 0.8 NTU, 1.3 ㎎/L, and 27 unit, respectively. Jar-test was performed to investigate the removal efficiency of pollutants under the coagulation conditions of fast mixing for 5 min, slow mixing for 15 min and precipitation for 1 hr. Here, alum and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) were used as coagulants to reduce color, turbidity, total phosphorus (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC) in sewage effluents. The results showed that PAC gave better efficiency in removing turbidity and dissolved phosphorus than alum. It was also found from the relative molecular weight (RMW) distribution analysis that organic matter over 1,000 Dalton (Da) was easily removed by coagulation and subsequently MF treatment, while it was not effective for less than 500 Da. Based on this result, Natural organic matter (NOM) with lower molecular weight (< 500 Da) may cause harmful disinfectant by-product (DBP) after chlorine treatment. Thus, activated carbon adsorption seems to be required for the complete removal of DBP in the hybrid system.

A Study on Coagulation and MF Membrane Process for the Reuse of Sewage Effluent

Paik, Ke-Jin Korean Society for Environmental Sanitary Engineer 2005 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.20 No.3

하수처리장 방류수의 재이용을 위해 2004년 1월$\~$12월까지 수질상태를 조사하였다. BOD, SS, 탁도, 총인과 색도의 월별로 조사한 연평균은 각각 4.1mg/L, 2.9mg/L, 0.8NTU, 1.3mg/L, 27unit이었다. 쟈테스트는 급속혼화 5분, 완속교반 15분, 침전 1시간의 조건하에서 오염물질의 제거율을 조사하였다. 사용된 응집제는 Alum과 폴리염화알루미늄이고, 방류수 중의 색도, 탁도, 총인, 총유기탄소 등을 제거하는데 효과가 있었다. 특히 폴리염화알루미늄을 사용시 탁도와 용존성인의 제거 효과가 좋았다. 응집공정과 연속한 정밀여과 공정에 의한 유기물의 제거효과를 조사한 결과, 분자량 1,000 Dalton 이상의 범위에 있는 물질의 제거가 잘 이루어진 반면, 소독부산물의 생성에 영향을 주는 분자량 500 Dalton 이하 물질의 제거율은 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 복합공정에서 이 범위 분자량의 물질을 제거하기 위해 흡착공정 등의 추가공정이 필요할 것으로 본다. Prior to the study of the sewage treatment methods, water quality for Gwangju sewage of fluent was investigated from January to December, 2004 for sewage water reuse. Monthly mean values of BOD, SS, turbidity, total phosphorus and color were 4.1 mg/L, 2.9 mg/L, 0.8 NTU, 1.3 mg/L, and 27 unit, respectively. Jar-test was performed to investigate the removal efficiency of pollutants under the coagulation conditions of fast mixing for 5 min, slow mixing for 15 min and precipitation for 1hr. Here, alum and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) were used as coagulants to reduce color, turbidity, total phosphorus (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC) in sewage effluents. The results showed that PAC gave better efficiency in removing turbidity and dissolved phosphorus than alum. It was also found from the relative molecular weight (RMW) distribution analysis that organic matter over 1,000 Dalton (Da) was easily removed by coagulation and subsequently MF treatment, while it was not effective for less than 500 Da. Based on tis result, Natural organic matter (NOM) with lower molecular weight (< 500 Da) may cause harmful disinfectant by-product (DBP) after chlorine treatment. Thus, activated carbon adsorption seems to be required for the complete removal of DBP in the hybrid system.

Part one: Research in Korea : Improved Anaerobic Digestion Efficiency By Gas Stripper and Disintegrator Pre-treatment

( Gwang Yeob Seo ),( Ke Jin Paik ),( Dae Yewn Shin ) 한국환경보건학회(구-한국환경위생학회) 2004 Current Challenges and Advances in Environmental H Vol.- No.-

통계분석을 이용한 광주지역 대기오염도

서광엽,백계진,신대윤,Seo Gwang Yeob,Paik Ke Jin,Shin Dae Yewn 한국환경보건학회 2004 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.30 No.5

We investigate changing characteristics and concentration distribution of ambient air quality using data from which obtained local ambient air monitoring network and local meterological measuring sites in Gwangju area from January to December in 2003. Sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) showed that increase from 8 AM and decrease in 6 PM but, it was not drastically changed concentration. it also 0.010 ppm in 1995 from at this time it's decrease step by step and than some constant in year 2001 to 2003. Nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) concentration was showed highest peak in 10 AM and increase again at 6 PM. And also it showed peak concentration (0.026 ppm) in 2001 and decreased from after that times. Ozone was showed peak concentration in 1 PM and Nitrogen dioxide was ditto in 10 AM from this data, we can conclude that this two article ws showed chemical reaction by 3 to 5 hours. There was no case of Ozone alarm in Gwangju area since 1995, but it showed highest ozone concentration (over 0.070 ppm) in May and June of the year and 2 to 4 PM of the day and sometimes it showed increase at the dawn. Ozone product optimum condition was that air temperature is over $25^{\circ}C$, no rain and increase solar radiation (over $20MJ/m^2$) and no wind or below 2.0 m/s wind speed.

광주지역 다중이용시설에서 실내공기질 농도와 상관성 분석

이대행(Dae Haeng Lee),이세행(Se Haeng Lee),배석진(Seok Jin Bae),김난희(Nan Hee Kim),박강수(Kang Soo Park),김도술(Do Sool Kim),백계진(Ke Jin Paik),문용운(Yong Woon Moon) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.11

광주지역 다중이용시설 54개소와 공중이용시설 15개소에 대한 입자상물질(미세먼지, 석면), 가스상물질(CO₂, CO, NO₂, HCHO, Rn, VOCs), 총부유세균의 농도에 대해서 조사하고 각 항목간의 상관성분석을 실시하였다. 미세먼지(PM10)는 실내주차장에서 평균 69.2 μg/m3로 가장 높았고, 이어서 보육시설, 대규모점포, 지하역사 순이었다. 일산화탄소는 실내주차장에서 평균 2.7 ppm으로 가장 높았고, 이산화탄소는 의료시설에서 604.1 ppm으로 가장 높았으며, 이산화질소는 실내주차장에서 0.036 ppm으로 가장 높았다. 포름알데하이드는 54개 전체시설에서 기하평균 3.6 μg/m3이었으며, 미술관은 631.8 μg/m3로 가장 높았다. 휘발성유기화합물질(VOCs)은 모든 시설에서 기하평균 24.14 μg/m3이었고, 이 중 톨루엔이 15.30 μg/m3로 가장 높았으며, 이어서 자일렌, 에틸벤젠, 벤젠, 스티렌 순으로 조사되었다. 총부유세균은 찜질방에서 평균 625.3 CFU/m3로 가장 높았고, 보육시설, 의료기관, 대규모점포 순이었다. 석면은 보육시설에서, 라돈은 미술관에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 보육시설에서 미세먼지와 총부유세균은 로그함수의 결정계수(R2) 0.5332로 양의 상관성을 보여주었고, 이산화탄소와 일산화탄소는 보육시설과 실내주차장에서 양의 상관성을 보여주었다. 휘발성물질간의 상관식은 모든시설에서 직선함수보다는 로그함수에 의해 잘 설명되었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the concentration levels of particle materials (PM10, asbestos), gas materials (CO₂, CO, NO₂, HCHO, Rn, VOCs) and total suspended colony (TSC), and the correlations among these materials in indoor air quality of 54 multiple-use facilities and 15 public-use facilities of Gwangju. The highest mean concentration of PM10 was 69.2 μg/m3 at indoor parking place, followed by childcare facilities, large commercial building and subway station building. The highest mean concentration of CO was 2.7 ppm at indoor parking place and that of CO₂ was 604.1 ppm at medical service facilities. The highest mean concentration of NO₂ was 0.036 ppm at indoor parking place. The geomean concentration of HCHO was 3.6 μg/m3 in all facilities and the highest was 631.8 μg/m3 at art gallery. The geomean concentration of VOCs (5 species) was 24.14 μg/m3 in all facilities and toluene was the highest material of 15.3 μg/m3, followed by xylene, ethylbenzene, benzene and styrene. The highest mean concentration of TSC was 625.3 CFU/m3 at jjimjilbang, followed by childcare facilities, medical service facilities and large commercial building. The highest of asbestos was 0.0072 each/cc at childcare facilities and that of radon was 1.41 pCi/L at art gallery. PM10 showed positive correlations to TSC with R2 = 0.5332 by lognormal equation at childcare facilities. CO₂ showed positive correlations to CO at childcare facilities and indoor parking place. Lognormal equation fitted to the VOCs data more than normal equation in all facilities.

알루미늄 부식을 적용한 활성슬러지법에서 질소 및 인 제거

최형일,정경훈,박상일,백계진,Choi Hyung Il,Cheong Kyung Hoon,Park Sang Il,Paik Ke Jin 한국환경보건학회 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.2

A laboratory experiment was performed to investigate simultaneous removal of phosphorus and nitrogen from raw sewage by intermittently aerated activated sludge process packed with aluminum and silver plate. Two continuous experimental process, i.e. an intermittently aerated activated sludge process, and an intermittently aerated activated sludge process with an aluminum and silver plate packed into the reactor were compared. The pitting corrosion of aluminum does not affect the performance of the biological treatment. The amounts of Al eluted from aluminum plate 17 mg to 60.6 mg in this experimental conditions, and Al/P mole ratio were from 3.31 to 11.25. The total nitrogen removal efficiency in Run E were $60.6\%$ at the HRT of 12 hours. The effluent $PO_4-P$ concentration as low as $1.0\;mg/\iota$ could have been obtained during the continuous experiment in Run E at HRT of 12 hours.

토양컬럼을 이용한 합성폐수중의 암모니아성질소 제거

박상일,정경훈,김해연,백계진,Park San Ill,Cheong Kyung Hoon,Kim Hai Yeon,Paik Ke Jin 한국환경보건학회 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate removal efficiency of $NH_4-N$ using the soil column. Soil, oyster shell and natural zeolite were used as a supporting media of soil column. Removal efficiencies of $NH_4-N$ were $35.9\%,\;41\%\;and\;93.4\%$ for the soil column packed with soil, natural $zeolite(20\%)$ and oyster $shell(20\%)$ at HRT of 72 hours, respectively. The addition of $20\%$ oyster shell to the soil accelerated nitrification in soil column. The influent ammonia nitrogen was mostly converted to nitrate nitrogen in the soil column and little ammonia nitrogen was found in the effluent. When the influent $NH_4-N$ concentration was 200 mg/l, the NIL-N removal was decreased at HRT of 48 hours, while nitrification was significantly increased after mechanical aeration. It was suggested that nitrification from higher $NH_4-N$ concentration was more affected by aeration in soil column process. The number of nitrifiers was approximately in a level of about $10^6\;MPN/g{\cdot}soil$ in the soil column mixed with oyster shell ($20\%$).

산성강하물이 주암호 수질에 미치는 영향

신대윤 ( Dae Yewn Shin ),문옥란 ( Ok Ran Moon ),윤미란 ( Mi Ran Yoon ),백계진 ( Ke Jin Paik ),김남종 ( Nam Jong Kim ),강공언 ( Gong Unn Kang ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2005 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2005 No.-

포스터 발표 : 수질관리 ; 산성강하물이 주암호 수질에 미치는 영향

신대윤 ( Dae Yewn Shin ),문옥란 ( Ok Ran Moon ),윤미란 ( Mi Ran Yoon ),백계진 ( Ke Jin Paik ),김남종 ( Nam Jong Kim ),강공언 ( Gong Unn Kang ) 대한상하수도학회 2005 공동추계 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

광주지역 음용 지하수 중 미네랄성분의 분포

안상수 ( Sang Su An ),강영주 ( Yeong Ju Kang ),위환 ( Hwan Wi ),김종민 ( Jong Min Kim ),이윤국 ( Youn Goog Lee ),박옥현 ( Ok Hyun Park ),박종태 ( Jong Tea Park ),백계진 ( Ke Jin Paik ) 한국환경분석학회 2009 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.12 No.3

Samples of ground water using as potable resources were collected in the five districts of Gwangju city.. Anionic and cationic substances in ground water were monitored to review the compliance as a drinking water source. Average distribution of anionic ingredients in the ground water by district was Donggu>Bukgu>Namgu>Seogu>Gwangsangu. Average distribution of inorganic substances on the ground water by district was Seogu>Donggu>Bukgu>Namgu>Gwangsangu. The highest contents of anionic substance were detected in Donggu and the lowest in Gwangsangu. The contents of anionic matter by district was Cl->SO4(2-)>NO3-N>F-. The highest contents of minerals were in Donggu. The result of contents of cationics by area was Na>Ca>Mg>K. There was close correlation among the minerals (Na, Ca, Mg, K). In case of Na, Ca, Mg and K, the results of this study were satisfied with the water standards of UK and twice higher than the drinking water sold in Gwangju.