Replacement Value of Two Bangladeshi Varieties of Yellow Corn for Wheat in the Diet of Laying Chicken

Saha, P.K.,Chowdhury, S.D.,Das, S.C.,Saha, S.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.5

Two Bangladeshi varieties of yellow corn-'Barnali' and 'Khaibhutta' were chemically analysed and used in the diet of laying chicken to determine their replacement value for wheat. Both the new varieties of yellow corn were found to be good sources of energy and the CP contents were comparable to wheat. Forty two, 29-week old randomly selected Starcross Brown commercial pullets were assigned to 7 dietary treatments with 6 replicates, each being an experimental unit. Diets were formulated replacing wheat quantitatively by two varieties of yellow corn either 0, 50, 75 or 100 per cent from a wheat based control diet. The production performance of laying hens fed diets formulated with Barnali or Khaibhutta at different dietary levels during an experimental period of 16 weeks was satisfactory and comparable to wheat based diet. Except egg yolk colour, the other internal arid external egg quality characteristics at 8th and 16th weeks of the experiment did not differ significantly. The egg yolk colour improved significantly (p<0.01) by feeding both the new varieties of corn and the degree of pigmentation of yolk increased as the dietary levels of corn increased at the expense of wheat. Considering laying performance, the new varieties of yellow corn, Barnali or Khaibhutta can be used in layer diet as replacement of wheat. Such a replacement would better that wheat-based diet in terms of egg yolk pigmentation.

Weak Ligaments and Sloping Joints: A New Hypothesis for Development of Congenital Atlantoaxial Dislocation and Basilar Invagination

Avnish K. Chauhan,P. Sarat Chandra,Nishant Goyal,Madhumita R. Chowdhury,Jyotirmoy Banerjee,Manjari Tripathi,Madhulika Kabra 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.4

Objective: Developmental bony craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies seem to have a genetic basis and also abnormal joint morphology causing atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) and basilar invagination (BI). Methods: DNA extracted polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) performed for mutation screening of FBN1 gene (n=50 cases+ 50 age/sex-matched normal; total: 100). Samples with a deviated pattern of bands in SSCP were sequenced to detect the type of variation. Computed tomography (CT) scans of 100 patients (15–45 years old) compared with an equal number of age/sex-matched controls (21.9±8.2 years). Joint parameters studied: sagittal joint inclination (SI), craniocervical tilt (CCT), coronal joint inclination (CI). Results: Thirty-nine samples (78%) showed sequence variants. Exon 25, 26, 27, and 28 showed variable patterns of DNA bands in SSCP, which on sequencing gives various types of DNA sequence variations in intronic region of the FBN1 gene in 14%, 14%, 6%, and 44% respectively. CT radiology:SI and CCT correlated with both BI and AAD (p<0.01). The mean SI value in controls: 83.35°±8.65°, and in patients with BI and AAD:129°±24.05°. Mean CCT in controls: 60.2°±9.2°, and in patients with BI and AAD: 86.0°±18.1°. Mean CI in controls:110.3°±4.23°, and in cases: 125.15°±16.4°. Conclusion: The study showed mutations in FBN1 gene (reported in Marfan syndrome). There is also an alteration of joint morphology, correlating with AAD and BI severity. Hence, we propose a double-hit hypothesis: the presence of weak ligaments (due to FB1 gene alterations) and abnormal joint morphology may contribute to AAD and BI.

A Study of Heliospheric Modulation and Periodicities of Galactic Cosmic Rays During Cycle 24

Chowdhury, P.,Kudela, K.,Moon, Y. J. D. Reidel Pub. Co 2016 Solar physics Vol.291 No.2

<P>Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are energetic, charged particles coming from outside the solar system. These particles encounter an outward-moving turbulent solar wind with cyclic magnetic-field fluctuations when entering the heliosphere. This causes convection and diffusion in the heliosphere. The GCR counts detected by the ground-based neutron-monitor stations show intensity changes with a fluctuation of similar to aEuro parts per thousand 11 years and are anti-correlated with the sunspot numbers with some time lags. GCRs experience various types of modulation from different solar activity features and are important components of space weather. The previous solar cycle, Cycle 23, has shown anomalous behavior with a prolonged deep minimum, which was characterized by a record-setting high Galactic cosmic-ray flux observed at Earth. Solar Cycle 24 started much later than expected and progressed sluggishly toward its maxima. In this paper, we study the heliospheric modulation and intermediate-term periodicities of GCRs during the ascending phase of Cycle 24. We utilize simultaneous solar, interplanetary plasma, magnetic field, and geomagnetic activity data including the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet, and we study their relation with GCRs. The wavelet power spectrum of GCRs exhibits the presence of a variety of prominent short- and mid-term periodicities including the well-known Rieger and quasi-biennial periodicities. Possible explanations of the observed results are discussed in the light of numerical models.</P>

Identification of eighteen flutter derivatives of an airfoil and a bridge deck

Chowdhury, Arindam Gan,Sarkar, Partha P. Techno-Press 2004 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.7 No.3

Wind tunnel experiments are often performed for the identification of aeroelastic parameters known as flutter derivatives that are necessary for the prediction of flutter instability for flexible structures. Experimental determination of all the eighteen flutter derivatives for a section model facilitates complete understanding of the physical mechanism of flutter. However, work in the field of identifying all the eighteen flutter derivatives using section models with all three degree-of-freedom (DOF) has been limited. In the current paper, all eighteen flutter derivatives for a streamlined bridge deck and an airfoil section model were identified by using a new system identification technique, namely, Iterative Least Squares (ILS) approach. Flutter derivatives of the current bridge and the Tsurumi bridge are compared. Flutter derivatives related to the lateral DOF have been emphasized. Pseudo-steady theory for predicting some of the flutter derivatives is verified by comparing with experimental data. The three-DOF suspension system and the electromagnetic system for providing the initial conditions for free-vibration of the section model are also discussed.

ACUTE INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE IN CHICKENS : PATHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION AND VIRUS ISOLATION

Chowdhury, E.H.,Islam, M.R.,Das, P.M.,Dewan, M.L.,Khan, M.S.R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1996 Animal Bioscience Vol.9 No.4

Pathological and virological investigations were conducted on suspected outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (IBD) in a broiler farm and five pullet-raising poultry farms of Mymensingh and Tangail districts of Bangladesh. About 80 to 100 percent chicks were affected at the age of 26 to 45 days and mortality varied from 20 to 30 percent in broilers and 40 to 80 percent in layer chicks. Signs, symptoms, gross and microscopic lesions were typical of acute IBD. Several isolates of virus could be obtained by embryo inoculation and the virus was diagnosed as infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) by agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID). The virus isolate belonged to the very virulent pathotype of IBDV causing 100 percent mortality in three weeks old chicks on experimental infection.

Genetic Diversity Based on Morphology and RAPD Analysis in Vegetable Soybean

Srinives, P.,Chowdhury, A.K.,Tongpamnak, P.,Saksoong, P. The Korean Society of Crop Science 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.2

Genetic diversity of 47 East-Asian vegetable soybean was characterized by means of agro-morphological traits and RAPD markers. A field trial was conducted to evaluate 14 agro-morphological traits. To study RAPD-based DNA analysis, a total of sixty 10-mer random primers were screened. Of these, 23 polymorphic markers in 16 varieties used for screening. Among 207 markers amplified, 48 were polymorphic for at least one pairwise comparison within the 47 varieties. A higher differentiation level between varieties was observed by using RAPD markers compared to morphological markers. Correspondence analysis using both types of marker showed that RAPD data could fully discriminate between all varieties, whereas morphological markers could not achieve a complete discrimination. Genetic distances between the varieties were estimated from simple matching coefficients, ranged from 0.0 to 0.640 with an average of 0.295$\pm$0.131 for morphological traits and 0.042 to 0.625 with an average of 0.336$\pm$0.099 for RAPD data, respectively. Cluster analysis based on genetic dissimilarity of these varieties gave rise to 4 distinct groups. The clustering results based on RAPDs did not match with those based on morphological traits. Geographical distribution of most varieties in each of the groups were not well defined. The results suggested that the level of genetic diversity within this group of East-Asian vegetable soybean varieties was sufficient for a breeding program and can be used to establish genetic relationships among them with unknown or unrelated pedigrees.

Research Articles : Antifungal Activity of Narceine Methyl Ester and Narceine Isolated from Corydalis Longipes Against Some Phytopathogenic Fungi

( Dibyendu Chowdhury ),( S. Maurya ),( M. B. Pandey ),( V. B. Pandey ),( B. K. Sarma ),( U. P. Singh ) 한국균학회 2005 Mycobiology Vol.33 No.4

Genetic Diversity Based on Morphology and RAPD Analysis in Vegetable Soybean

A. K. Chowdhury,P. Srinives,P. Tongpamnak,P. Saksoong 韓國作物學會 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.2

Genetic diversity of 47 East-Asian vegetable soybean was characterized by means of agro-morphological traits and RAPD markers. A field trial was conducted to evaluate 14 agro-morphological traits. To study RAPD-based DNA analysis, a total of sixty 10-mer random primers were screened. Of these, 23 polymorphic markers in 16 varieties used for screening. Among 207 markers amplified, 48 were polymorphic for at least one pairwise comparison within the 47 varieties. A higher differentiation level between varieties was observed by using RAPD markers compared to morphological markers. Correspondence analysis using both types of marker showed that RAPD data could fully discriminate between all varieties, whereas morphological markers could not achieve a complete discrimination. Genetic distances between the varieties were estimated from simple matching coefficients, ranged from 0.0 to 0.640 with an average of 0.295~pm 0.131 for morphological traits and 0.042 to 0.625 with an average of 0.336~pm 0.099 for RAPD data, respectively. Cluster analysis based on genetic dissimilarity of these varieties gave rise to 4 distinct groups. The clustering results based on RAPDs did not match with those based on morphological traits. Geographical distribution of most varieties in each of the groups were not well defined. The results suggested that the level of genetic diversity within this group of East-Asian vegetable soybean varieties was sufficient for a breeding program and can be used to establish genetic relationships among them with unknown or unrelated pedigrees.

Mucosally administered Lactobacillus surface-displayed influenza antigens (sM2 and HA2) with cholera toxin subunit A1 (CTA1) Induce broadly protective immune responses against divergent influenza subtypes

Li, R.,Chowdhury, M.Y.E.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, T.H.,Pathinayake, P.,Koo, W.S.,Park, M.E.,Yoon, J.E.,Roh, J.B.,Hong, S.P.,Sung, M.H.,Lee, J.S.,Kim, C.J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2015 Veterinary microbiology Vol.179 No.3

The development of a universal influenza vaccine that provides broad cross protection against existing and unforeseen influenza viruses is a critical challenge. In this study, we constructed and expressed conserved sM2 and HA2 influenza antigens with cholera toxin subunit A1 (CTA1) on the surface of Lactobacillus casei (pgsA-CTA1sM2HA2/L. casei). Oral and nasal administrations of recombinant L. casei into mice resulted in high levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and their isotypes (IgG1 & IgG2a) as well as mucosal IgA. The mucosal administration of pgsA-CTA1sM2HA2/L. casei may also significantly increase the levels of sM2- or HA2-specific cell-mediated immunity because increased release of both IFN-γ and IL-4 was observed. The recombinant pgsA-CTA1sM2HA2/L. casei provided better protection of BALB/c mice against 10 times the 50% mouse lethal doses (MLD<SUB>50</SUB>) of homologous A/EM/Korea/W149/06(H5N1) or A/Aquatic bird/Korea/W8½005 (H5N2) and heterologous A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1), or A/Chicken/Korea/116/2004(H9N2) or A/Philippines/2/08(H3N2) viruses, compared with L. casei harboring sM2HA2 and also the protection was maintained up to seven months after administration. These results indicate that recombinant L. casei expressing the highly conserved sM2, HA2 of influenza and CTA1 as a mucosal adjuvant could be a potential mucosal vaccine candidate or tool to protect against divergent influenza viruses for human and animal.

Identification of eighteen flutter derivatives of an airfoil and a bridge deck

A. G. Chowdhury,P. P. Sarkar 한국풍공학회 2004 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.7 No.3