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Survey and analysis of national standardization trends for smart farm ICT equipment
Chi-Ju Woo,Ho-Sung An,Ka Young Lee,Samsuzzaman,Md. Shaha Nur Kabir,Sun-Ok Chung,Soon Jung Hong,Jong Kyu Ha 사단법인 한국정밀농업학회 2023 정밀농업과학기술지 Vol.5 No.3
The rapid advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) has significantly transformed the agricultural sector, giving rise to the concept of smart farming. Smart farming involves the integration of various ICT equipment and technologies to enhance agricultural practices, improve productivity, and ensure sustainable resource utilization. As smart farming gains momentum, the need for standardized practices and equipment becomes crucial to ensure interoperability, reliability, and widespread adoption. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and analysis of national standardization trends for smart farm ICT equipment in smart farming. It introduces the standardization trends, smart farm ICT equipment national standard diffusion support project, and evaluation of testing ICT equipments. Additionally, it highlights the necessity and consequences of ensuring interoperability for ICT equipment in smart farming. Furthermore, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities associated with smart farm ICT equipment standardization. Challenges include reconciling diverse technical requirements, addressing security and privacy concerns, and maintaining adaptability to evolving technological landscapes. On the other hand, standardization offers the opportunity to accelerate innovation, enable market growth, and establish a foundation for sustainable agricultural practices.
Bacterial Pathogens of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in a Tertiary Referral Hospital
Chi, Su Young,Kim, Tae Ok,Park, Chan Woo,Yu, Jin Yeong,Lee, Boram,Lee, Ho Sung,Kim, Yu Il,Lim, Sung Chul,Kwon, Yong Soo The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.73 No.1
Background: This study evaluates the bacterial pathogens of Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in a tertiary referral hospital. Methods: A total of 109 bacterial pathogens from 91 adult patients with VAP, who were admitted to the medical intensive care unit from January 2008 to December 2009, were examined. Clinical characteristics, bacterial pathogens, and resistance profiles were analyzed. Results: Staphylococcus aureus (44%) was the most frequently isolated. Acinetobacter baumanii (30%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6%), and Serratia marcescens (2%) were isolated from the transtracheal aspirates or bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with VAP. There was no significant difference of bacterial pathogens between early and late onset VAP. All isolated S. aureus were methicillin resistant S. aureus; the imipenem resistance rate of A. baumanii was 69%. Conclusion: The two most frequent pathogens of VAP were S. aureus and A. baumanii. There were no pathogenic differences between early and late onset VAP.
Sang-Ho Jeong,Kyungsoo Bae,Chang-Youn Ha,Young-Joon Lee,Ok-Jae Lee,Woon-Tae Jung,Sang-Kyung Choi,Soon-Chan Hong,Eun-Jung Jung,Young-Tae Ju,Chi-Young Jeong,Woo-Song Ha 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.84 No.2
Purpose: Before laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer can be planned, it is very important to know the precise location of the tumor. The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 methods of predicting the exact location of the tumor: preoperative gastrofibroscopy (GFS), preoperative computed tomography gastroscopy (CT), and intraoperative gastroscopy-guided laparoscopy (Lap). Methods: In this study, 15 patients were prospectively identified, and endoscopic clips were preoperatively placed on the proximal 1 cm of the tumor, at the angle on the greater curvature and opposite the angle on the greater curvature. The distances between the pylorus and the proximal tumor clip (PT), the angle clip (PA), the greater curvature clip (PG), and the gastroesophageal junction were measured by preoperative GFS, preoperative CT, intraoperative Lap, and visual inspection (Vis). Results: PT, PA, and PG values measured by preoperative GFS differed significantly from the Vis values (P 〈 0.01). However, preoperative CT measurements of PT, PA, and PG did not differ from the Vis values (P = 0.78, P = 0.48, and P = 0.53, respectively). Intraoperative Lap and Vis PT values differed by only 1.1 cm on an average (P = 0.10), but PA and PG values varied by 1.9 and 3.4 cm, respectively (P = 0.01 for both). Conclusion: Endoscopic clipping combined with preoperative CT gastroscopy is more useful than preoperative GFS for preoperatively predicting the location of early gastric cancers and will be helpful for planning laparoscopic gastrectomy.
A Study on the Deep Hole Drilling for Refractory Metals
Sung Bo Sim(심성보),Chi Ok Kim(김치옥),Cheol Kyu Kim(김철규) 한국해양공학회 1999 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.13 No.1
오늘날 기계공업 현장에서 심공드릴가공은 광범위한 응용과 양호한 생산성으로 인하여 그 요구가 증가 되고 있다. 그러므로, 본 연구는 난삭재인 SKDll고합금공구강을 여러가지 절삭 조건하에서 BTA드릴가공 하여 얻은 실험결과(표면조도, 진직도, 진원도, 원통도, 구멍확대량, 등 )를 다루었으며 이들의 이론적 배경과 실험을 비교 분석하였다. 프레스금형 부품과 기계부품으로 사용되고 있는 SKDll고합금공구강은 기계가공이 힘든 난삭재료로서 그 어려움이 크므로 본 연구는 생산현장에 보다 나은 심공드릴가공결과와 관련 지식을 제공 할수 있다고 사료된다.