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Nawawi Azkya Patria,Rikmasari Rasmi,Kurnikasari Erna,Oscandar Fahmi,Lita Yurika Ambar 대한영상치의학회 2022 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.52 No.1
Purpose: Disc displacement can cause resorption of the head of the condyle and affect its volume. This study analysed the volume of normal condyles and those with disc displacement with reduction (DDR) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from the Indonesian population. Materials and Methods: This study analysed 56 condyles (26 normal and 30 with DDR) from patients who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Unit after being referred from the Prosthodontics Unit at Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran from December 2020 to February 2021. Samples were divided into 2 groups (normal and DDR left and right-side condyles) based on the DC/TMD Axis 1 form through the clinical examination results. Both sample groups were exposed to CBCT radiation. The CBCT imaging results in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format were exported to the open-source ITK-SNAP format to determine condyle volume. Volumetric data from the cortical and trabecular areas of the right or left side condyles were arranged by sex. The independent t-test was used to determine the significance of differences with IBM SPSS version 21.0. Intra- and inter-observer reliability and validity were tested before determining the volume of the condyles. Results: Normal condyles and DDR condyles showed significant differences in volume (P<0.05). Significant differences were also seen in cortical (P = 0.0007) and trabecular (P = 0.0045) volumes. There was a significant difference in condylar volume based on sex. Conclusion: The normal condyle volume was significantly different from the DDR condyle volume in both sexes.
Effect of Surfactant on Breakdown Strength Performance of Transformer Oil-Based Nanofluids
Zainuddin Nawawi,Muhammad Faris Baharuddin,Izzah Hazirah Zakaria,Mohd Hafizi Ahmad,Aulia,Muhammad Abu Bakar Sidik,Muhammad Irfan Jambak 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.1
Many approaches to improve the transformer oil characteristics have been made by adding nanofillers into the liquids, but it has caused the existence of sedimentation and agglomeration thereby resulting in incompatibility of transformer oil. In view of foregoing, this paper aims to study the impact of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant added with the nanofiller in improving the compatibility and agglomeration issues towards improvement of breakdown voltage (BDV) characteristics of oil nanofluids. This study was carried out by implementing three different percentages of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) nanofillers along with CTAB as surfactant into the mineral oil. The breakdown voltage test was carried out accordance to IEC 60156 standard. The results show that the inclusion of 0.1 wt% SiO2 and 0.1 wt% Al2O3 nanoparticles into mineral oil have improved the BDV. Meanwhile, Al2O3 nanofluids with 0.075 wt% CTAB had good impact on BDV but not on SiO2. This case has reverse behavior with the sedimentation which 0.1 wt% CTAB in SiO2 nanofluids has a good response but not the whole in Al2O3 nanofluids. This could be mainly due to the limitation stability of the nanofluids.
( Deded Sarip Nawawi ),( Andita Maria ),( Rizal Danang Firdaus ),( Istie Sekartining Rahayu ),( Adesna Fatrawana ),( Fadlan Pramatana ),( Pamona Silvia Sinaga ),( Widya Fatriasari ) 한국목재공학회 2023 목재공학 Vol.51 No.2
Densification is an effective method for improving the physical and mechanical properties of low-density wood. However, the set-recovery of dimensions was found to be the problem of densified wood due to low fixation during the densification process. Alkali pretreatment before densification is thought to be a modification process to improve the dimensional stability of densified wood. In this research, the wood samples used were boiled in a 1.25 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at different times, followed by densification for 5 h at 100℃. The alkali pretreatment for 1, 3, and 5 h of boiling increased the dimensional stability of densified woods and anti-swelling efficiency values were 8.52%, 63.24%, and 48.94%, respectively. The boiling of wood in NaOH solution decreased the holocellulose content, as well as lignin to a lesser degree, and a lower crystallinity index was observed. The lower hydroxyl groups and a higher proportion of lignin in treated samples seem to have contributed to the high dimensional stability detected.
Nur Izzati Mohamed Nawawi,Giroon Ijod,Sri Sampath Janaka Senevirathna,Rana Muhammad Aadil,Noor Liyana Yusof,Masni Mat Yusoff,Noranizan Mohd Adzahan,Ezzat Mohamad Azman 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.6
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) is rich in bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. High pressure processing (HPP) is an efficient alternative to preserve these bioactive compounds in terms of microbial inactivation and shelf-life stability. This review compares the effects of pasteurization methods using high pressure or thermal pasteurization (TP) on the quality parameters of various strawberry-based products. To summarize, most of the high pressure-treated products are microbiologically stable and showed minimum degradation of thermolabile compounds than TP-treated ones. However, some studies reported that high pressure did not have an advantage over TP especially in the preservation of phenolic phytochemicals during storage. The insufficient enzyme inactivation and high residual activity of enzymes after high pressure treatment could cause anthocyanins degradation thus affecting the product quality. Overall, this review could be valuable to potential processors in evaluating the effective commercialization of high pressure-treated strawberry products.
Effect of soil flexibility on bridges subjected to spatially varying excitations
Li, Bo,Chouw, Nawawi Techno-Press 2014 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.3 No.2
Pounding is a major cause of bridge damage during earthquakes. In an extreme situation, it can even contribute to the unseating of bridge girders. Long-span bridges will inevitably experience spatially varying ground motions. Soil-structure interaction (SSI) may play a significant role in the structural response of these structures. The objective of this research is to experimentally investigate the effect of spatially varying ground motions on the response of a three-segment bridge considering SSI and pounding. To incorporate SSI, the model was placed on sand contained in sandboxes. The sandboxes were fabricated using soft rubber in order to minimise the rigid wall effect. The spatially varying ground motion inputs were simulated based on the New Zealand design spectra for soft soil, shallow soil and strong rock conditions, using an empirical coherency loss function. The results show that with pounding, SSI can amplify the pier bending moments and the relative opening displacements.
General Tendency of Lignin Chemical Structure and its Relation to Reactivity
Yuji Matsumoto,Deded Sarip Nawawi,Satoko Shimizu,Pattaraporn Posoknistakul,Iori Tomoda,Takuya Akiyama,Tomoya Yokoyama 한국펄프·종이공학회 2016 한국펄프·종이공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.10
Hardwood lignins are different from softwood lignins by the presence of syringyl type aromatic nuclei. In addition, there are wide varieties in the structure and amount of hardwood lignins depending on wood species, environment of growing site, portion in the wood, portion in the cell wall, and so on. We have shown that the wide variety of lignin structure and amount can be sorted out by taking the syringyl/guaiacyl ratio as an index. Furthermore, we have also shown that lignin structure can be quantitatively related to the chemical reactivity such as delignification during chemical pulping by taking the syringyl/guaiacyl ratio as an index. In this report, we review our recent achievements about the quantitative relationships between lignin structure and reactivity.
A shake table investigation on interaction between buildings in a row
Khatiwada, Sushil,Chouw, Nawawi Techno-Press 2013 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.2 No.2
Pounding damage has been observed frequently in major earthquakes in the form of aesthetic, minor or major structural cracks and collapse of buildings. Studies have identified a building located at one end of a row of buildings as very vulnerable to pounding damage, while buildings in the interior of the same row are assumed to be safer. This study presents the results of a shake table investigation of pounding between two and three buildings in a row. Two steel portal frames, one stiffer and another more flexible, were subjected to pounding against a frame with eight other configurations. Three pounding arrangements were considered, i.e., the reference frame (1) on the right of the second frame, (2) in the middle of two identical frames, and (3) on the right of two identical frames. Zero seismic gap was adopted for all tests. Five different ground motions are applied from both directions (right to left and left to right). The amplification of the maximum deflection due to pounding was calculated for each configuration. The results showed that, for the stiffer building in a row, row building pounding is more hazardous than pounding between only two buildings. The location of the stiffer frame, whether at the end or the middle of the row, did not have much effect on the degree of amplification observed. Additionally, for all cases considered, pounding caused less amplification for stronger ground motions, i.e., the ground motions that produced higher maximum deflection without pounding than other ground motions.
A numerical approach for simulating the behaviour of timber shear walls
Loo, Wei Yuen,Quenneville, Pierre,Chouw, Nawawi Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.42 No.3
A numerical approach to simulate the behaviour of timber shear walls under both static and dynamic loading is proposed. Because the behaviour of timber shear walls hinges on the behaviour of the nail connections, the force-displacement behaviour of sheathing-to-framing nail connections are first determined and then used to define the hysteretic properties of finite elements representing these connections. The model nails are subsequently implemented into model walls. The model walls are verified using experimental results for both monotonic and cyclic loading. It is demonstrated that the complex hysteretic behaviour of timber shear walls can be reasonably represented using model shear walls in which nonlinear material failure is concentrated only at the sheathing-to-framing nail connections.
A numerical approach for simulating the behaviour of timber shear walls
Wei Yuen Loo,Pierre Quenneville,Nawawi Chouw 국제구조공학회 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.42 No.3
A numerical approach to simulate the behaviour of timber shear walls under both static and dynamic loading is proposed. Because the behaviour of timber shear walls hinges on the behaviour of the nail connections, the force-displacement behaviour of sheathing-to-framing nail connections are first determined and then used to define the hysteretic properties of finite elements representing these connections. The model nails are subsequently implemented into model walls. The model walls are verified using experimental results for both monotonic and cyclic loading. It is demonstrated that the complex hysteretic behaviour of timber shear walls can be reasonably represented using model shear walls in which nonlinear material failure is concentrated only at the sheathing-to-framing nail connections.