Stepwise selective reaction of two N-cyanoethyl groups attached to C-racemic tetraaza macrocyclic nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes in aqueous solutions

Kang, S.G.,Kim, N.,Jeong, J.H. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2011 Inorganica chimica acta Vol.366 No.1

Stepwise hydrolysis of two N-(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CN groups attached to [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>2</SUP>)(OAc)]<SUP>+</SUP> and [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>2</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> (L<SUP>2</SUP>=1,8-bis(N-cyanoethyl)-5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) has been investigated. The reaction of [Ni(C-meso-L<SUP>2</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> has also been examined. Interestingly, [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>2</SUP>)(OAc)]<SUP>+</SUP> is readily hydrolyzed to [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>3</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> bearing one N-(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CONH<SUB>2</SUB> and one N-(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CN pendant arms at pH @?6, whereas [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>2</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> and [Ni(C-meso-L<SUP>2</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> are quite inert against hydrolysis under similar acidic conditions. Although [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>2</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> is hydrolyzed to [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>3</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> at pH 9, [Ni(C-meso-L<SUP>2</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> readily undergoes C-N bond cleavage to yield [Ni(C-meso-L<SUP>1</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> (L<SUP>1</SUP>=5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) in basic aqueous solutions. The hetero-functionalized complex [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>3</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> undergoes hydrolysis and C-N bond cleavage at pH 9 and 13, respectively; both [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>4</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> bearing two N-(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CONH<SUB>2</SUB> pendant arms and [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>5</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> bearing one N-(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CONH<SUB>2</SUB> group can be prepared selectively by controlling pH of the solution. However, [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>3</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> readily undergoes C-N bond cleavage to produce [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>5</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> even at pH 9. Crystal structure of [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>3</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> shows that the complex has severely distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination geometry. Electronic absorption spectra of [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>3</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP>, [Ni(C-racemic-L<SUP>5</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP>, and [Cu(C-racemic-L<SUP>5</SUP>)]<SUP>2+</SUP> indicate that they also have trigonal bipyramidal coordination geometry.

Effect of contrast-induced nephropathy on cardiac outcomes after use of nonionic isosmolar contrast media during coronary procedure

Cho, J.Y.,Jeong, M.H.,Hwan Park, S.,Kim, I.S.,Park, K.H.,Sim, D.S.,Yoon, N.S.,Yoon, H.J.,Park, H.W.,Hong, Y.J.,Kim, J.H.,Ahn, Y.,Cho, J.G.,Park, J.C.,Kang, J.C. Japanese College of Cardiology 2010 Journal of cardiology Vol.56 No.3

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has been increasing and seems to be associated with clinical outcomes in ischemic heart disease. This study aimed to assess the incidence, predictors, and cardiac outcomes of CIN when nonionic isosmolar contrast media (iodixanol, Visipaque<SUP>(</SUP>R), GE Healthcare, Cork, Ireland) was used. Between January 2005 and July 2008, 510 patients (69.2+/-9.0 years of age, 384 men) undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were divided into two groups according to the development of CIN (CIN group: n=74; non-CIN group: n=436). CIN developed in 74 patients (14.5%). They were more likely to have diabetes (55.4% vs. 42.9%, p=0.045), decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (50.1+/-12.6% vs. 57.7+/-13.9%, p<0.001), and lower baseline hematocrit level (32.4+/-5.3% vs. 36.6+/-5.5%, p<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed baseline hematocrit (odds ratio 0.900, 95% confidence interval 0.851-0.952, p<0.001), decreased LVEF (odds ratio 0.967, 95% confidence interval 0.949-0.986, p=0.001), and baseline creatinine level (odds ratio 2.317, 95% confidence interval 1.252-4.286, p=0.007) as independent predictors of CIN. At 1-year follow-up, patients with CIN were found to have more adverse outcomes than without CIN in Cox proportional hazards analysis (hazard ratio 13.068, 95% confidence interval 2.425-70.434, p=0.003). CIN was mostly associated with baseline creatinine level rather than CM amount using nonionic isosmolar CM. We found that patients with CIN had worse event-free survival than patients without CIN after multifactorial adjustment.

Age-related differences in virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound findings in patients with coronary artery disease

Hong, Y.J.,Jeong, M.H.,Choi, Y.H.,Ma, E.H.,Ko, J.S.,Lee, M.G.,Park, K.H.,Sim, D.S.,Yoon, N.S.,Youn, H.J.,Kim, K.H.,Park, H.W.,Kim, J.H.,Ahn, Y.,Cho, J.G.,Park, J.C.,Kang, J.C. Japanese College of Cardiology 2010 Journal of cardiology Vol.55 No.2

Background: We assessed the age-related differences in pre-intervention virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) findings at target lesion sites in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: A total of 553 patients who underwent pre-intervention VH-IVUS imaging were grouped according to age: non-elderly (@?70 years, n=429) and elderly (>70 years, n=124); 191 had stable angina and 362 acute coronary syndrome. VH-IVUS classified the tissue into: fibrotic, fibro-fatty, dense calcium (DC), and necrotic core (NC). Results: Overall, the absolute and percent volumes of DC (11.0+/-11.0mm<SUP>3</SUP> vs. 9.7+/-11.9mm<SUP>3</SUP>, P=0.033; 11.7+/-8.1% vs. 9.8+/-7.2%, P=0.014, respectively) and NC (18.5+/-17.6mm<SUP>3</SUP> vs. 16.6+/-18.9mm<SUP>3</SUP>, P=0.020; 18.8+/-8.8% vs. 16.5+/-9.3%, P=0.026, respectively) were significantly greater in the elderly than in the non-elderly. In stable angina patients, the absolute and percent volumes of DC (10.4+/-9.9mm<SUP>3</SUP> vs. 7.2+/-7.6mm<SUP>3</SUP>, P=0.022; 13.4+/-10.0% vs. 9.2+/-6.5%, P=0.011, respectively) and NC (14.8+/-11.2mm<SUP>3</SUP> vs. 12.0+/-11.9mm<SUP>3</SUP>, P=0.035; 19.6+/-8.8% vs. 15.5+/-8.4%, P=0.006, respectively) were significantly greater in the elderly. However, in acute coronary syndrome patients, there were no significant differences in absolute and percent volumes of DC (11.4+/-11.6mm<SUP>3</SUP> vs. 10.9+/-13.4mm<SUP>3</SUP>, P=0.8; 10.7+/-6.5% vs. 10.1+/-7.5%, P=0.5, respectively) and NC (24.1+/-20.3mm<SUP>3</SUP> vs. 23.9+/-21.2mm<SUP>3</SUP>, P=0.9; 22.0+/-8.8% vs. 21.3+/-9.6%, P=0.6, respectively) between the elderly and non-elderly groups. Myocardial infarction (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.45-4.12, P=0.003), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.30-3.53, P=0.009), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.06-2.45, P=0.042), but not age, were independent predictors of percent NC volume >20% in lesion site. Conclusions: Myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, but not age, were associated with NC-rich lesions. Clinical presentation, risk factors, and inflammatory status, but not age, are important factors for plaque components.

Ignition Delay Times of Nitromethane-Oxygen-Argon Mixtures Behind Reflected Shock

KANG, J.G.,LEE, S.W.,YUN, S.S.,CHOI, S.N.,KIM, C.S. 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1991 연구논문집 Vol.11 No.-

Aromatic nitro compounds were readily reduced to the corresponding amino compounds in good yields with montmorillonite(K-100) and hydrazine.

전두엽에서의 EEG 측정을 위한 전극 배치법 및 JADE를 이용한 EEG에서 EOG 제거 방법

박정제,강병조,조진호,김명남 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

Biological Functions of N- linked Glycosylation Site Added in Dimeric EPO

N. Pureviargal,J .J. Park,Y.H. Jcong,H.Y. Kang,H.J. Park,B.S.Kim,S.S. Hwang,S.Y. Hwang,J.T. Yoon,K.S. Min 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2005 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.29 No.2s

Methyl 5-Chloro-4,5-didehydrojasmonate (J7) Inhibits Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Production via Down-Regulation of the Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1 Pathway in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes

Kang, G.-J.,Dang, H.-T.,Han, S.-C.,Kang, N.-J.,Koo, D.-H.,Koh, Y.S.,Hyun, J.W.,Kang, H.-K.,Jung, J.H.,Yoo, E.-S. PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2013 Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.61 No.10

자궁경관임신에서 Methotrexate 치료 후 소파술을 시행한 보존적 치료

강은주(E . J . Kang),김현진(H . J . Kim),김미희(M . H . Kim),조은나(E . N . Cho),김현주(H . J . Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.8

N/A Objective : To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intramuscular methotrexate injection followed by dilatation and curettage (D & C) for the treatment of ectopic cervical pregnancy. Method : Nine patients with cervical pregnancy were treated alternately with four doses of intramuscular methotrexate (1.0 mg/kg) and four doses of intramuscular folinic acid (0.1 mg/kg). On the seventh day after treatment, patients were measured for level of serum β-hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and underwent ultrasounds. According to the result, additional dose of MTX or curettage were done. Serum β-hCG and ultrasound were checked every week until the level of serum β-hCG and the finding of ultrasound had been normalized. Results : Eight patients showed normal level in serum β-hCG and normal finding in ultrasound after the methotrexate/folinic acid therapy followed by D & C. One of nine patients showed increase by double concentrations in serum β-hCG after the MTX/Folinic acid treatment. After intraamnionic injection of MTX, serum β-hCG titer was decreased in this case. One week later, D & C was performed. No patient was experienced severe complications. All patients who had wanted a subsequent pregnancy were conceived. Conclusion : These results suggest that methotrexate/folinic acid therapy followed by D & C is safe and effective as a primary therapy for ectopic cervical pregnancy.

위암의 침윤과 전이에 관여하는 단백분해 효소 ( uPA , PAI - 1 및 Type 4 Collagenase ) 에 관한 연구

조재용(J . Y . Cho),정현철(H . C . Chung),노성훈(S . H . Noh),김호근(H . K . Kim),박준오(J . O . Park),이종인(J . I . Lee),유내춘(N . C . Yoo),김주항(J . H . Kim),노재경(J . K . Roh),김병수(B . S . Kim),강진경(J . K . Kang),민진식(J . S 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.1

N/A Objectives : Prognosis of gastric cancer is related to invasion and metastasis. Evidence has accumulated that invasion and metastasis in solid tumors require the action of tumor associated proteases, which promote the dissolution of the surrounding tumor matrix and the basement membrane. The serine protease [(urokinase-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)] and type IV collagenase(MMP-9 and MMP- 2) appear to play a key role in these processes. Recent reports have demonstrated that expression of these proteolytic enzymes are elevated in breast and colon cancer and that it can be associated with invasiveness and poor prognosis. We therefore evaluated whether the expression and activation of uPA, PAI-1 and type IV collagenase might be of clinical value in gastric cancer as a tumor/biologically defined risk factor. Methods: In a consecutive series of 160 gastric cancer patients who were enrolled in the Yonsei Cancer Center Study Group, the expression of uPA, PAI-1 and type IV collagenase was determined by ELISA, zymography and mmunohistochemical method. The results were as follows. Results: 1) Both uPA and PAI-1 levels were significantly higher in cancer tissues than no rmal (uPA; 9.4±8.7vs 5.3±3.1 ng/mg protein cytosol, PAI-1;10.9±9.1vs 5.8± 2.9 ng/mg protein cytosol), (p<0.001 respectively). Both high uPA and PAI-1 levels were associated with differentiation of the tumor(p=0.04, p=0.004), and a high PAI-1 level was associated with lymph nodes metastasis at an advanced stage (p=0.003, p=0.04). There was a correlation between the levels of uPA and PAI-1 expression in cancer tissues(r=0.57). 2) The activation ratio of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in cancer tissues 0.32±0.25, 0.27±0.34 were significantly higher than in normal tissue 0.19±0,27, 0.06± 0.16(p<0.001). The MMP-9 activation was associated with lymphnode metastasis and the MMP-2 activation was associated with distant metastasis(p=0.011, p=0.041). 3) In univariate analysis all of the proteolytic enzymes were associated with short relapse free survival, but in multivariate analysis only the high uPA expression was an independent prognostic parameter for short relapse free survival of the gastric cancer patients. Conclusion: These data indicate that uPA, PAI-1 and type IV collagenase were involved in the progression of gastric cancer at different points of time by different mechanisms. The combined expression and activation of these proteolytic enzymes were poor prognostic factors in gastric cancer patients, so new therapy based on these biologic behavior of the tumor in the same stage are clinically applicable. In particular, uPA is a new independent variable for the identification of patients at high risk, therefore therapy targetting uPA can be applied as a new treatment modality for gastric cancer.

342 EFFECTS OF MELATONIN ON PREIMPLANTATION DEVELOPMENT OF PORCINE PARTHENOGENETIC EMBRYOS

Kang, J.-T.,Koo, O.-J.,Kwon, D.-K.,Park, S.-J.,Atikuzzaman, M.,Gomez, N.,Jang, G.,Lee, B.-C. CSIRO Publishing 2010 Reproduction, fertility, and development Vol.22 No.1

<P> In mammalian species, melatonin is a multi-functional pineal gland hormone that regulates several circadian and seasonal rhythms including reproduction. However, the melatonin study was not common as to the oocytes in the pig. Recently, we reported that exogenous melatonin has beneficial effects on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation during porcine oocyte IVM and we also reported an existence of melatonin receptor on the cumulus cells and granulose cells (Kang JT et al. 2009 J. Pineal Res. 46(1), 22-28). In this study, as adding further experiments rather than our previous study, we investigated effect of exogeneous melatonin (10 ng mL-1) on the porcine oocytes and analyzed possible factors which can be responsible for that results. Oocytes were recovered by aspiration of slaughterhouse ovaries, and then matured in TCM-199 supplemented with EGF, insulin, pyruvate, cystine, and gonadotropin. Expression of apoptosis-related genes mRNA in oocytes cultured with melatonin were evaluated by real-time PCR (Exp 1), cumulus cell expansion on COC was assessed on the microscopes during in vitro maturation (Exp 2), and developmental effects between melatonin treatement group and non-treatment group on the in vitro culture of parthenogenetically activated oocytes was investigated (Exp 3). In results, oocytes matured with melatonin were assessed for the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bcl-xl (anti-apoptotic gene) and Bax (proapoptotic gene) by real-time quantitative PCR. Analysis of data showed that the expression of Bcl-xl was higher compared to the control while the expression of Bax was decreased relative to the control (P < 0.05). Cumulus cell expansion was evaluated under a stereomicroscope at 22 h, 44 h during IVM. Representative photomicrographs of porcine COC at the start of the IVM, after 22 h and 44 h treatment with melatonin, are shown in Figure. After 22 h of melatonin treatment, cumulus cells were visually expanded compared with non-treatment group. We analyzed significantly greater proportion of parthenogenetically activated oocytes developed to blastocyst when the IVM medium was supplemented with melatonin. Melatonin treatment in the IVM has consequently beneficial effect on the blastocyst formation rates on the development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos (15.4%) compared to non-treatment group (10.7%, P < 0.05). However, cleavage frequency was not affectedby the treatment. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that melatonin had a beneficial effect on the development of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos, probably through decreased apoptosis rate and increased cumulus cell expansion. This study was supported by Korean MKE, MEST (BK21 program), and Hanhwa L&C </P>