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Felix Diaz González,Rodrigo Muiño,Víctor Pereira,Rómulo Campos,José Luis Benedito 대한수의학회 2011 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.12 No.3
Blood indicators are used as a tool to diagnose metabolic disorders. The present work was conducted to study the relationships among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function in high-yielding dairy cows. Two groups of Holstein cows were studied: 27 early lactation cows and 14 mid lactation cows from four different herds with similar husbandry characteristics in Galicia, Spain. Blood samples were obtained to measure beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TG), and the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Cows in early lactation had higher levels of BHB and NEFA than mid lactation cows. High lipomobilization (NEFA > 400 μmol/L) was detected in 67% and 7% of early lactation and mid lactation cows, respectively, while subclinical ketosis (BHB > 1.2 mmol/L) was detected in 41% and 28% of the early lactation and lactation cows, respectively. TG concentrations were low in all cows suffering subclinical ketosis and in 61% of the cows with high lipomobilization. During early lactation, 30% of cows suffered hepatic lipidosis as detected by levels of AST. Compromised hepatic function was observed in early lactation cows as shown by lower concentrations of glucose, total protein, and urea.
Nuria P Torres-Aguila,Caty Carrera,Elena Muiño,Natalia Cullell,Jara Cárcel-Márquez,Cristina Gallego-Fabrega,Jonathan González-Sánchez,Alejandro Bustamante,Pilar Delgado,Laura Ibañez,Laura Heitsch,Jerz 대한뇌졸중학회 2019 Journal of stroke Vol.21 No.3
Stroke is a complex disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among the adult population. A huge variety of factors is known to influence patient outcome, including demographic variables, comorbidities or genetics. In this review, we expound what is known about the influence of clinical variables and related genetic risk factors on ischemic stroke outcome, focusing on acute and subacute outcome (within 24 to 48 hours after stroke and until day 10, respectively), as they are the first indicators of stroke damage. We searched the PubMed data base for articles that investigated the interaction between clinical variables or genetic factors and acute or subacute stroke outcome. A total of 61 studies were finally included in this review. Regarding the data collected, the variables consistently associated with acute stroke outcome are: glucose levels, blood pressure, presence of atrial fibrillation, prior statin treatment, stroke severity, type of acute treatment performed, severe neurological complications, leukocyte levels, and genetic risk factors. Further research and international efforts are required in this field, which should include genome-wide association studies.
Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Trigona carbonaria Honey from Australia
Livia Persano Oddo,Tim A. Heard,Antonio Rodríguez-Malaver,Rosa Ana Pérez,Miguel Fernández-Muiño,María Teresa Sancho,Giulio Sesta,Lorenzo Lusco,Patricia Vit 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.4
Stingless bees (Tribe Meliponini) are a diverse group of highly eusocial bees distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. Trigona carbonaria honey, from Australia, was characterized by traditional physicochemical parameters (acidity, sugars, diastase, electrical conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural, invertase, nitrogen, and water content) and other compositional factors (flavonoids, polyphenols, organic acids, and water activity), as well as total antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging activity. For the Australian T. carbonaria, the traditional analytical parameters were similar to those previously reported for neotropical stingless bee honey and confirm that honeys produced by Meliponini bees possess several physicochemical properties that are distinctly different from Apis mellifera honey, with higher values of moisture (26.5 ± 0.8 g of water/100 g of honey), water activity (0.74 ± 0.01), electrical conductivity (1.64 ± 0.12 mS/cm), and free acidity (124.2 ± 22.9 mEq/kg of honey) and a very low diastase activity (0.4 ± 0.5 diastase number) and invertase activity (5.7 ± 1.5 invertase number). The sugar spectrum was quite different from that of A. mellifera honey, with 20.3 ± 2.9 g of maltose/100 g of honey. The values of pH (4.0 ± 0.1), lactonic acidity (4.7 ± 0.8 mEq/kg of honey), sucrose (1.8 ± 0.4 g/100 g of honey), and fructose/glucose ratio (1.42 ± 0.13) fell in the same ranges as those of A. mellifera honey. Citric (0.23 ± 0.09) and malic (0.12 ± 0.03) acid concentrations (in g/kg of honey) of T. carbonaria honeys were in the range described for A. mellifera honey. D-Gluconic was more concentrated (9.9 ± 1.3 g/kg of honey), in the range of Italian Castanea, Thymus, Arbutus, and honeydew honeys. Flavonoid content was 10.02 ± 1.59 mg of quercetin equivalents/100 g of honey, and polyphenol contents were 55.74 ± 6.11 mg of gallic acid equivalents/100 g of honey. The antioxidant activity, expressed as percentage of 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation (ABTS.+) decolorization, was 233.96 ± 50.95 μM Trolox equivalents, and free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) depletion was 48.03 ± 12.58 equivalents of ascorbic acid. All reported values are averages ± standard deviation. The antioxidant activity can represent an important added value for T. carbonaria honey, to initiate a medicinal approach for both nutritional and pharmaceutical applications, besides further physicochemical characterization.
Mui-How Phua,Zia-Yiing Ling,Wilson Wong,Alexius Korom,Berhaman Ahmad,Normah A. Besar,Satoshi Tsuyuki,Keiko Ioki,Keigo Hoshimoto,Yasumasa Hirata,Hideki Saito,Gen Takao 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2014 Journal of Forest Science Vol.30 No.2
Estimating above-ground biomass is important in establishing an applicable methodology of Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) System for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation-Plus (REDD+). We developed an estimation model of diameter at breast height (DBH) from IKONOS-2 image that led to above-ground biomass estimation (AGB). The IKONOS image was preprocessed with dark object subtraction and topographic effect correction prior to watershed segmentation for tree crown delineation. Compared to the field observation, the overall segmentation accuracy was 64%. Crown detection percent had a strong negative correlation to tree density. In addition, satellite-based crown area had the highest correlation with the field measured DBH. We then developed the DBH allometric model that explained 74% of the data variance. In average, the estimated DBH was very similar to the measured DBH as well as for AGB. Overall, this method can potentially be applied to estimate AGB over a relatively large and remote tropical forest in Northern Borneo.
Optimal Design of Two-Dimensional Cascade with Shock-Free Inflow Criterion
Muis, Abdul,Sutikno, Priyono,Soewono, Aryadi,Hartono, Firman Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2016 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.9 No.4
The shock-free inflow criterion applied in the development of two-dimensional cascade for turbomachinery design. The developed cascade analysis with potential flow calculation through a panel method has been used to determine the shock-free inflow condition. The combination between cascade analysis and PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm provides an opportunity to develop a diagram of a two-dimensional parameter cascade at various airfoil shapes. Analytical equations have been derived from the diagram that will facilitate the turbomachinery designer in applying the shock-free inflow criterion on their developed cascade. This method has been used to develop the very low head axial hydraulic turbine and provides excellent results of numerical and actual prototype performances.
Mui, Nguyen Thi,Ledin, Inger,Uden, Peter,Binh, Dinh Van Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.1
Ninety lactating goats (Bachthao, Barbary, Beetal and Jamnapary breeds) were used in an experiment to investigate the replacement value of the tree fodders Flemingia (Flemingia macrophylla) and Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus). The foliages were used to replace the concentrate in diets based on chopped whole sugar cane (Sacharatum sp.), Para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and dried cassava root (Manihot esculanta). The concentrate was replaced by foliage of Jackfruit or Flemingia at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% based on the crude protein (CP) content in the concentrate and foliages, respectively. Average milk yield was 1,617 g/day for goats fed Jackfruit compared to 1,532 g/day for those fed Flemingia. Increasing amounts of Flemingia foliage resulted in reduced dry matter intake and decreased milk yield but milk composition (CP, casein and fat content) was similar up to 60% replacement. Flemingia showed a poor potential as a supplement for lactating goats and replacement levels should not exceed 20% of the protein in the concentrate or 7.5% of the dry matter in the diet. With respect to the combination of milk production and net return over the control a CP replacement rate of 20% was the most promising. For Jackfruit there was similar feed intake and milk yield at a replacement level of 20% of CP in the concentrate (9.2% of DM intake) compared to the control diet. Milk yield at the level of 40% replacement (15% of the DM) in the diet was slightly reduced. Up to a level of CP replacement rate of 60% (21% DM in the diet) can be suggested for on-farm testing as a higher net return over the control was obtained on station.
Muis, Abdul,Sutikno, Priyono Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2014 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.7 No.2
The type of turbine developed is based on the very low head of water potential source for the electric power production. The area of research is focused for the axial water turbine that can be applied at the simple site open channel with has a very low cost and environmental impact compared to the conventional hydro installation. High efficiency of axial turbine which applied to the very low potential head will made this type of turbine can be used at wider potential site. Existing irrigation weir and river area will be the perfect site for this turbine. This paper will compare the effects of the variation of swirl velocity criterion during the design of the blade of guide vane and rotor of the turbine. Effects of the swirl velocity criterion is wider known as a vortex conditions (free vortex, force vortex and swirl velocity constant), and the free vortex is the very popular condition that applied by most of turbine designer, therefore will be interesting to do a comparison against other criterion. ANSYS Fluent will be used for simulation and to determine the predictive performance obtained by each of design criteria.