The Role of Meat Protein in Generation of Oxidative Stress and Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndromes

Muhammad Ijaz Ahmad,Muhammad Umair Ijaz,Ijaz ul Haq,Chunbao Li 한국축산식품학회 2020 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.40 No.1

Various processing methods have a great impact on the physiochemical and nutritional properties of meat that are of health concern. Hence, the postmortem processing of meat by different methods is likely to intensify the potential effects on protein oxidation. The influence of meat protein oxidation on the modulation of the systemic redox status and underlying mechanism is well known. However, the effects of processed meat proteins isolated from different sources on gut microbiota, oxidative stress biomarkers, and metabolomic markers associated with metabolic syndromes are of growing interest. The application of advanced methodological approaches based on OMICS, and mass spectrometric technologies has enabled to better understand the molecular basis of the effect of processed meat oxidation on human health and the aging process. Animal studies indicate the involvement of dietary proteins isolated from different sources on health disorders, which emphasizes the impact of processed meat protein on the richness of bacterial taxa such as (Mucispirillum, Oscillibacter), accompanied by increased expression of lipogenic genes. This review explores the most recent evidences on meat processing techniques, meat protein oxidation, underlying mechanisms, and their potential effects on nutritional value, gut microbiota composition and possible implications on human health.

Ruminant Nutrition : Comparative Growth Performance of Calves of Different Cattle Breeds Under a Feedlot Fattening System

( Ijaz Ahmad ),( Muhammad Fiaz ),( Muhammad Nauman Manzoor ),( Tanveer Ahmad ),( Muhammad Yaqoob ),( Ik Hwan Jo ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.6

Male cattle calves(n=24), 9-12 months age, with an average body weight of 120±20kg were fed total mixed rations(TMR) for 120 days to determine their growth performance. Animals were divided into four groups(six of each breed): Crossbred (Friesian×Sahiwal), Dhanni, Lohani, and Cholistani. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance techniques under a completely randomized design. The average daily gain(ADG), feed efficiency(FE), and dressing percentage ranged from 639-892g/d, 0.105-0.155kg/kg, and 51.2-51.5%, respectively, in the different breeds. The ADG and FE did not differ between the Crossbred, Dhanni, and Lohani breeds, but these values were lower in Cholistani calves(P<0.05). The dressing percentage was similar in all breeds. The highest increase in body height was observed in Dhanni calves, but heart girth was obviously higher in Lohani calves. The feed cost per kg gain was higher for Cholistani calves but similar among Crossbred, Dhanni, and Lohani calves(P>0.05). In conclusion, Dhanni, Lohani, and Crossbred calves possess the promising potential for beef production under the rainfed(Barani) conditions of the Punjab.

Effect of Carcass Electrical Stimulation and Suspension Methods on Meat Quality Characteristics of Longissimus lumborum of Young Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bulls

Jaspal, Muhammad Hayat,Ijaz, Muawuz,Akhtar, Muhammad Junaid,Nasir, Jamal,Ullah, Sana,Badar, Iftikhar Hussain,Yar, Muhammad Kashif,Ahmad, Arfan Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2021 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Buffalo animals are slaughtered at their early age and carcasses are chilled rapidly which deteriorates its meat quality and decreases the consumer likeliness of buffalo meat. This study investigated the appropriate methods to prevent the quality deterioration of buffalo meat during chilling. Twenty four 18-mon-old buffalo bulls were slaughtered, electrically stimulated and suspended either by hip or achilles tendon. After 24 h postmortem, meat quality characteristics were recorded. Results showed that electrical stimulation (ES) led to rapid decline of carcass pH compared to non-ES method (p<0.05). Furthermore, electrically stimulated meat presented lower shear force accompanied with the higher CIE L⁎, a⁎, and b⁎ values (p<0.05). Suspension methods only affect the meat shear values and were lowered in hip suspended samples. It can be concluded that ES combined with hip suspension can be adopted to prevent the meat quality deterioration of young buffalo bulls during postmortem storage.

Supplemental potassium mediates antioxidant metabolism, physiological processes, and osmoregulation to confer salt stress tolerance in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

Waqas Ahmad,Chaudhary Muhammad Ayyub,Muhammad Asif Shehzad,Khurram Ziaf,Muhammad Ijaz,Ahmad Sher,Tahira Abbas,Jamil Shafi 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.6

Soil salinity is one of the severe threats of climate change that inflicts heavy losses to vegetable production. Potassium (K) has been considered essential approach against abiotic stresses in food crops, however, understanding of K regulated mechanisms for inducing tolerance to NaCl stress in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) plants is, still elusive. Here, we report the supplemental K effects on antioxidant defense system and physiological processes that may influence the cabbage production under saline conditions. Initially, cabbage varieties (‘Stone Head’, ‘Golden Acre’, ‘9j-940’, ‘Beauty Ball’, ‘Green Ball’, ‘Green Rise’, ‘Marco F-1’) were tested under NaCl stress (50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) for their higher growth, vigor index and mineral contents. The identified cabbage var. salt-tolerant, cv. Beauty Ball (BB) and salt-sensitive cv. Green Ball (GB) were further exposed to foliar K (5 and 10 mM solutions of KNO3) under the same NaCl regimes. NaCl stress markedly inhibited photosynthetic efficiency, water status and chlorophyll pigments, thereby, resulted in reduced dry biomass of both varieties. Nevertheless, exogenous K spray at 10 mM caused positive gain in leaf water relations, chlorophyll contents in both cabbage varieties. The ameliorative impacts of K were more pronounced in salt-tolerant cv. BB as compared to salt-sensitive cv. GB in terms of higher accumulation of total soluble proteins, total free amino acids, proline contents, upregulated antioxidant activities and enhanced gas exchange characteristics. Hence, improvement in growth and K+/Na+ ratio of cabbage plants by foliar K application (10 mM) were related to up-regulation of physiological and biochemical mechanisms under saline conditions.

Genome and transcriptome-wide analyses of cellulose synthase gene superfamily in soybean

Nawaz, Muhammad Amjad,Rehman, Hafiz Mamoon,Baloch, Faheem Shehzad,Ijaz, Babar,Ali, Muhammad Amjad,Khan, Iqrar Ahmad,Lee, Jeong Dong,Chung, Gyuhwa,Yang, Seung Hwan G. Fischer 2017 Journal of plant physiology Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The plant cellulose synthase gene superfamily belongs to the category of type-2 glycosyltransferases, and is involved in cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis. These enzymes are vital for maintaining cell-wall structural integrity throughout plant life. Here, we identified 78 putative cellulose synthases (CS) in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis against 40 reference <I>Arabidopsis</I> CS genes clustered soybean CSs into seven major groups (CESA, CSL A, B, C, D, E and G), located on 19 chromosomes (except chromosome 18). Soybean CS expansion occurred in 66 duplication events. Additionally, we identified 95 simple sequence repeat makers related to 44 CSs. We next performed digital expression analysis using publically available datasets to understand potential CS functions in soybean. We found that CSs were highly expressed during soybean seed development, a pattern confirmed with an Affymatrix soybean IVT array and validated with RNA-seq profiles. Within CS groups, CESAs had higher relative expression than CSLs. Soybean CS models were designed based on maximum average RPKM values. Gene co-expression networks were developed to explore which CSs could work together in soybean. Finally, RT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression of 15 selected CSs during all four seed developmental stages.</P>

Synthesis and Characterization of Aqueous Chitosan-polyurethanes Dispersion for Textile Applications with Multipurpose Performance Profile

Shazia Muzaffar,Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti,Mohammad Zuber,Haq Nawaz Bhatti,Muhammad Shahid 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.3

As the use of high performance textiles has grown, the need for chemical finishes to provide the fabric properties required in the special applications has grown accordingly. In this project, a series of water dispersible polyurethanes dispersion (CS-PUs) with multipurpose performance profile was developed using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG), 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and chitosan (CS) for textile applications. In two step synthesis process, NCO functional PU prepolymers prepared by reacting IPDI, PEG, and DMPA were extended with varying molar quantities of chitosan followed by structural characterization through FTIR. The prepared CS-PU dispersions were applied onto the dyed and printed poly-cotton blend fabrics. The performance behavior of the treated fabric in terms of crease recovery, tear strength, tensile strength, and antibacterial properties was evaluated by applying standard test methods. These investigations show that the CS-PU dispersions can be applied as antibacterial textile finishes with significant improvement in the physical and mechanical properties of poly-cotton fabrics.

Exogenous Silicon Application Alleviates Salt Stress in Okra

Tahira Abbas,Abdul Sattar,Muhammad Ijaz,Muhammad Aatif,Samina Khalid,Ahmad Sher 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.4

Salt stress is known to adversely affect a variety of processes in plants, inhibiting growth and decreasingcrop yield. Silicon (Si) protects plants against a variety of environmental stresses. In the present study, seedlings oftwo genotypes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench; salt-tolerant OH-713 and salt-sensitive Okra-7080) weresubjected to four treatments; control (no NaCl or Si added), only Si (150 mg·L-1Si), only salinity (6.0 dS·m-1), orsalinity + Si, to observe their response at the morphological, physiological, and enzymatic level. The application ofSi in stressed okra cultivars led to significant improvements, including increasing the leaf area and leaf area index,decreasing the leaf water potential and osmotic potential, and enhancing the turgor potential and relative watercontents. It also increased the activity of the enzymatic antioxidants ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase, aswell as increasing nitrate reductase levels and activity. The suppressed concentrations of calcium (Ca) and magnesium(Mg) ions under salt stress were alleviated by the application of Si. The results of the current investigationsuggested that Si confers salt tolerance to okra, potentially by enhancing their water status, improving antioxidantactivity, and enhancing nitrogen metabolism.

Vertebral Endplate Changes Correlate with Presence of Cartilaginous Endplate in the Herniated Disc Tissue: Factor Predicting Failure of Conservative Treatment

Latif Rabia,Imran Sumera,Ahmad Ijaz,Ilyas Muhammad Saad,Aziz Amer,Zehra Uruj 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.2

Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative. Purpose: To characterize the scores of disc degeneration, inflammation, and nerve density in herniated disc samples and associate findings with the presence of vertebral endplate (VEP) changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Overview of Literature: Considering the role of disc composition in spontaneous regression and persistence of pain during conservative management, it is important to identify the influencing factors. VEP changes are highly associated with disc degeneration, but their correlation with herniated disc composition has not yet been reported. Methods: Fifty-one discs were obtained from patients undergoing surgery for herniated disc. Their ages ranged from 19-65 years, and 31/51 were male. Pre-surgical T1 and T2 weighted lumbar-spine MRIs were analyzed to observe Pfirrmann grade, VEP defects, herniation type, Modic changes, and high-intensity zones (HIZ) at the affected level. Five-micron thick sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue periodic acid–Schiff stain; examined for histological degeneration scores (HDS; 0–15), inflammation (0 [absence]–3 [severe]), and presence of cartilaginous endplate (CEP). Three-micron thick sections were stained with protein-gene-product 9.5 and expression was counted/mm2. Data was analyzed, and p<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: VEP defects, Modic changes, and HIZ were respectively observed in 30/51, 16/51, and 6/51 of the samples. CEP was observed in 26/51 samples and in 23/51 with endplate defects. Discs with adjacent VEP defects showed increased HDS (p<0.001) and inflammation (p<0.001). Discs with adjacent Modic changes also revealed increased HDS (p=0.01). Histological sections with CEP showed increased HDS (p<0.001) and inflammation (p<0.001), and nerve density was significantly positively correlated with HDS (r=0.27, p=0.02). Conclusions: VEP changes can modulate degeneration and inflammation of herniated discs. Presence of these changes is highly predictive of the occurrence of CEP in herniated discs, which leads to slow resorption and persistent clinical symptoms.

Breast Cancer: Major Risk Factors and Recent Developments in Treatment

Majeed, Wafa,Aslam, Bilal,Javed, Ijaz,Khaliq, Tanweer,Muhammad, Faqir,Ali, Asghar,Raza, Ahmad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Breast cancer is the most common in women worldwide, with some 5-10% of all cases due to inherited mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Obesity, hormone therapy and use of alcohol are possible causes and over-expression of leptin in adipose tissue may also play a role. Normally surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy allow a good prognosis where screening measures are in place. New hope in treatment measures include adjuvant therapy, neoadjuvant therapy, and introduction of mono-clonal antibodies and enzyme inhibitors.

Foliage applied proline induces salt tolerance in chili genotypes by regulating photosynthetic attributes, ionic homeostasis, and antioxidant defense mechanisms

Madiha Butt,Abdul Sattar,Tahira Abbas,Ahmad Sher,Muhammad Ijaz,Sami Ul-Allah,Muhammad Rashid Shaheen,Fawad Kaleem 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.4

Globally, soil salinity is a serious threat to horticultural crop productivity. Chili ( Capsicum annum L.) is a major spice horticulturalcrop. Its growth and production is severely aff ected by salt stress. To address this problem, a sand culture experimentwas conducted in which two contrasting chili genotypes ‘ Plahi ’ (salt tolerant) and ‘A-120’ (salt sensitive) were grown undersalt stress (50 mM NaCl) with foliar application of proline (0.8 mM). Proline application enhanced salt tolerance in bothgenotypes by osmoregulation of sodium and potassium. It enhanced chili growth and fruit yield by improving plant waterrelations and gas exchange attributes under salt stress. Antioxidants were increased with proline application under salt stress. There was also a signifi cant positive correlation found among glycinebetaine and proline contents. In conclusion, proteintreatedchili plants performed better than untreated plants as evidenced by normal function of photosynthetic machinery andantioxidant mechanisms under salt stress.