Insulin resistance mediates high-fat diet-induced pulmonary fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness through the TGF-β1 pathway

Park, Yoon Hee,Oh, Eun Yi,Han, Heejae,Yang, Misuk,Park, Hye Jung,Park, Kyung Hee,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Park, Jung-Won Nature Publishing Group UK 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.5

<▼1><P>Prior studies have reported the presence of lung fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. This study evaluated the role of TGF-β1 in HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis in a murine model. We generated HFD-induced obesity mice and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests. HFD mice with or without ovalbumin sensitization and challenge were also treated with an anti-TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. AHR to methacholine, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histological features were evaluated. Insulin was intranasally administered to normal diet (ND) mice, and in vitro insulin stimulation of BEAS-2b cells was performed. HFD-induced obesity mice had increased insulin resistance, enhanced AHR, peribronchial and perivascular fibrosis, and increased numbers of macrophages in the BALF. However, they did not have meaningful eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation in the lungs compared with ND mice. The HFD enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, but we found no differences in the expression of interleukin (IL)−4 or IL-5 in lung homogenates. Administration of the anti-TGF-β1 antibody attenuated HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis. It also attenuated goblet cell hyperplasia, but did not affect the AHR and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by OVA challenge. The intranasal administration of insulin enhanced TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium and lung fibrosis. Stimulating BEAS-2b cells with insulin also increased TGF-β1 production by 24 h. We concluded that HFD-induced obesity-associated insulin resistance enhances TGF-β1 expression in the bronchial epithelium, which may play an important role in the development of lung fibrosis and AHR in obesity.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Obesity: A trigger for asthma onset</B></P><P>Insulin resistance may be an important causative factor underlying the increased risk of asthma and other respiratory issues in obese individuals. Obesity doubles the likelihood of developing asthma, with symptoms that are more difficult to control than in non-obese patients. The connection between these conditions is poorly understood, but researchers led by Jung-Won Park, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, have identified a potential mechanism. They demonstrated that a signaling molecule called TGF-β1 contributes to airway sensitivity and tissue scarring in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Subsequent experiments showed that treatment with insulin also gives rise to increased TGF-β1 production in the mouse lung. Since insulin resistance is a common feature of obesity, resulting in abnormally high levels of circulating insulin, this could also account for the increased risk of respiratory problems.</P></▼2>

Potential of serum soluble CD93 as a biomarker for asthma in an ovalbumin-induced asthma murine model

Park, Hye Jung,Oh, Eun-Yi,Park, Yoon Hee,Yang, Misuk,Park, Kyung Hee,Park, Jung-Won,Lee, Jae-Hyun Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 Biomarkers Vol.23 No.5

<P>Background: CD93 is a membrane-associated glycoprotein, which can be released in a soluble form (sCD93) into the serum. CD93 has received renewed attention as a candidate biomarker of inflammation in various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, including asthma.Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of airway inflammation on CD93 levels in murine models.Methods: We established an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acute asthma murine model (OVA model) and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation murine model (LPS model). Dexamethasone was administered by gavage to attenuate the airway inflammation.Results: The OVA model demonstrated typical allergic asthma features with increased airway hyper-responsiveness, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased Th2 cytokine levels, compared to the control group. CD93 levels were decreased in lung homogenates and, respiratory epithelial cells, whereas serum sCD93 levels were increased in the OVA model, as compared to the control group. Dexamethasone reversed these effects of OVA. In contrast, in the LPS model, CD93 levels were not affected in neither respiratory epithelial cells nor serum.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the potential of using sCD93 as a biomarker for allergic asthma.</P>

P-60 Systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis of acute exacerbation and mortality following use of regular inhalation treatments in patients with stable COPD

( Hye Jung Park ),( Eun-yi Oh ),( Yoon Hee Park ),( Misuk Yang ),( Kyung Hee Park ),( Jung-won Park ),( Jae-hyun Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2017 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.124 No.-

Introduction: Long acting beta-agonist (LABA) and long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) have recently become an important treatment modality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The acute exacerbation (AE) and mortality risk reduction of inhalation therpies including LABA and LAMA alone or combinations have not been fully evaulated. Methods: A systematic literature searching was conducted to identify 97 randomized controlled trials with duration of 12 weeks or more, in which events of AE and mortality were compared in COPD patients. Eligible interventions are LABA, LAMA, inhaled corticosteroid, Placebo alone or in combinations. Baysian network meta-analysis was used for evidence synsthesis by direct and indirect comparison among 26 different interventions from 134,802 patients. Study protocol was registered on PROSPERO#42017069087 Results: The risk of AE in 17 inhalation treatments was lower than placebo. The risk of all-cause mortality was significantly lower in Fluticasone / Salmeterol, Glycopyrrolate / Indacaterol, and Umeclidinium compared to placebo. The 3 treatments with the lowest risk of AE during inhalation treatment were Umeclidinium, Tiotropium / Budesonide / Formoterol, Tiotropium / Indacaterol and the 3 treatments with the lowest risk of mortality were Umeclidinium, Olodaterol, and Indacaterol. Conclusions: Umeclidinium may lead to better clinical outcomes.

Effect of Soil Water Contents on Urea Hydrolysis and Nitrification in a Newly Reclaimed Tidal Soils

Misuk Park,Hye Jin Kim,Doug Young Chung 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.1

The effect of soil water content on the transformation potential of N compounds derived from hydrolysis of urea applied in a reclaimed tidal soils which was saline-sodic was observed to evaluate nitrification rates of urea. Soil samples were collected from Moonpo series at the newly reclaimed area in Saemanguem. For the transformation potential of N compounds from urea (46% N), newly reclaimed tidal soils (RS) were amended with urea at the rates of 0, 10, and 20 kg 10a<SUP>-1</SUP>. With leachate obtained from the incubated RS in a leaching tube at 25°C, urea hydrolysis and nitrification were measured for a total of 30days. The cumulative amounts of NO3<SUP>-</SUP>-N in each of the four soils treated with urea was linear with time of incubation. Results showed that increase in pH occurred with increasing application rate of urea and volumetric water content due to hydrolysis of urea. The total N in the RS was decreased with incubation time, indicating that rates of urea hydrolysis was influenced by soil moisture conditions. Also, the cumulative amount of nitrate in RS gradually increased with increase in time of incubation.

야간·심야조사의 범위와 인권보장

박미숙(Park, Misuk),김예람 한국형사법무정책연구원 2019 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

현대위험사회와 법치국가형법

박미숙(Park, Misuk),김일수 한국형사법무정책연구원 2012 형사정책연구원 연구총서 Vol.- No.-

대학생 다문화멘토링 참여 경험을 통한 멘토링 운영의 개선방안

박미숙(Park, Misuk),김영순(Kim, Youngsoon) 한국열린교육학회 2016 열린교육연구 Vol.24 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 다문화멘토링에 참여한 대학생 멘토들이 프로그램을 어떻게 활용하고 있는지 탐색하고 이를 통하여 멘토링 운영에 대한 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 연구를 위해 다문화멘토링에 참여한 대학생 8명을 대상으로 2015년 9월부터 2015년 12월까지 심층인터뷰를 실시하였다. 인터뷰 내용은 멘토들이 다문화멘토링 프로그램을 어떻게 이해하고 활용하는지로 분석하였다. 멘토들은 다문화멘토링 프로그램을 진행하면서 멘토의 자율적인 활동 보장, 멘티와의 일대일멘토링, 일정의 장학금지급, 교육봉사시간 인정 등은 장점으로 활용하고 있었다. 그러나 멘토링을 훌륭하게 수행하는 멘토들도 있었지만 멘토링 시간과대입력, 수시로 시간변경과 소홀한 준비, 교사 사인 대리하기, 시간 때우기 등의 부정적으로 활용하는 멘토들도 있었다. 이런 점을 바탕으로 멘토링 운영에 대하여 다문화멘토링 담당교사들의 인식개선과 운영진의 효율적인 관리, 멘토들의 윤리적인 교육, 체험활동의 범위 한정 등 멘토링 개선방안을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to explore the features of a multicultural mentoring program as perceived through multicultural mentoring activities by university students who took part in multicultural mentoring, and to examine how the mentors were putting these features into practice. Through this research, the study planned to propose an improvement plan for multicultural mentoring and increase its efficiency. For the study, eight students who participated in the multicultural mentoring program were selected and in-depth interviews from September, 2015 to December, 2015 were conducted. Once the interviews were transcribed, the project analyzed the advantages of the multicultural mentoring system and how these advantages were being utilized. The results were as follows. First, the advantages provided by the multicultural mentoring system were freedom in the one-on-one activities with mentees, fixed scholarship provision, and acknowledgement as an education volunteer service. Second, although there were mentors who used these advantages and fulfilled mentoring outstandingly, there were cases where advantages were abused. These cases included exaggerated entry of mentoring time, frequently changing of preparation times, forging teachers’ signatures, and the addition of time spent mentoring. With these results as a basis, the study presented the need for the improvement of awareness of teachers in charge of multicultural mentoring, effective management of the operators, and ethical education of mentors as an improvement plan.

난민의 인권의식과 인권교육에 관한 연구

박미숙 ( Misuk Park ),손영화 ( Younghoa Son ) 아시아문화학술원 2019 인문사회 21 Vol.10 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 난민의 인권의식을 탐색하고 이를 통하여 인권교육의 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 한국의 체류경험이 있는 난민 6명을 대상으로 심층인터뷰하고 이를 인지적, 정서적, 행동적 측면으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 난민들은 한국에 체류하는 것이 급급하여 인권침해인지조차 인지하지 못하거나, 인권침해인줄 알면서도 참고 살아가고 있었다. 둘째, 부당한 대우를 받아도 저항하지 못하는 이주민과 난민들을 보며 서로 공감하고 있었다. 또한 한국인으로 통합되기 위해 한국국적을 취득하지만 여전히 이방인으로 살아가야 함에 정서적으로 힘들어 하였다. 셋째, 난민들은 같은 민족끼리 공동체를 형성하여 자신들의 인권을 보호받고자 노력하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 난민 인권교육의 방향을 제시하였다. 첫째, 난민들이 인권에 대한 지식과 이해를 돕기 위한 프로그램과 콘텐츠가 개발되어야 한다. 둘째, 난민들이 편안하고 자연스럽게 인권에 대한 상담이 이루어질 수 있는 창구가 마련되어 이들의 인권감수성이 발달될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 셋째, 난민들이 자발적으로 인권보호 활동을 할 수 있도록 난민공동체를 활성화시킬 수 있는 적극적인 지원방안이 마련되어야 한다. 이런 연구를 바탕으로, 한국에 체류하는 난민들의 인권 보호와 생활 보장이 이루어질 수 있기를 바라며, 그들이 한국 사회에서 원활하게 통합되길 기대한다. The purpose of this study explores the human rights consciousness of refugees and to suggest the direction of human rights education. To do this, six refugees with experience staying as refugees in Korea were interviewed in depth and analyzed in a cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspect. As a result, because the refugees are important to stay in Korea, not even recognize it as a violation of human rights, or live with it even though they knew it was a violation of human rights. Second, refugees were sympathizing with each other as they looked at migrants and refugees who could not resist even if they were treated unfairly. He also acquired Korean nationality to be integrated as a Korean, but emotionally struggled to live as a stranger. Third, the refugees tried to protect their human rights through immigrants, people and communities in the same situation. Based on these results, the direction of human rights education for refugees was presented. First, the program should be developed to help understanding and knowledge about human rights of refugees. Second, there should be a window where refugees can comfortably and naturally consult about human rights so that they can develop human rights sensitivity. Third, there should be an active support plan for the revitalization of the community for refugees so that they can voluntarily protect their human rights. Based on this study, we hope that the protection of human rights and the guarantee of living for refugees staying in Korea can be achieved, and expect them to integrate smoothly in Korean society.

보육교사의 자아탄력성이 정서노동을 매개로 직무만족도에 미치는 영향

박미숙(Park, Misuk),안동근(An, Donggun) 한국육아지원학회 2020 육아지원연구 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구는 보육교사의 자아탄력성과 직무만족도 간의 관계에서 나타나는 정서노동의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 수도권 소재 어린이집 보육교사 302명을 대상으로 자아탄력성, 정서노동 및 직무만족도를 설문조사하였고, 수집된 자료는 Baron과 Kenny(1986)의 매개효과 검증방법과 Sobel Test를 통하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 자아탄력성의 대인관계효율성과 낙관적 태도가 정서노동의 자연적 행동을 매개하여 직무만족도에 유의미한 영향을 주었고, 내면적 행동은 낙관적 태도와 직무만족도의 관계를 매개하였다. 구체적으로, 정서노동의 자연적 행동에는 자아탄력성의 대인관계 효율성과 낙관적 태도가 유의미한 영향을 미치고, 정서노동의 내면적 행동에는 자아탄력성의 낙관적 태도의 영향력이 유의미하게 나타났다. 직무만족도에는 자아탄력성의 대인관계 효율성과 낙관적 태도가 유의미한 영향력을 미쳤다. 정서노동과 관련하여 자연적 행동과 내면적 행동은 직무만족도에 정적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치고, 표면적 행동은 부적으로 유의미한 영향을 주었다. 본 연구결과는 보육교사의 직무만족도 향상을 위한 교사교육 프로그램 개발과 보육과정 운영정책 수립에 기초자료로 유용하게 활용될 것이다. This study examined the mediating effects of emotional labor on the relationship between childcare teachers’ ego-resilience and their job satisfaction. Participants were 302 childcare teachers at childcare centers in Seoul metropolitan area. We measured childcare teachers’ ego-resilience, emotional labor, and job satisfaction using the survey method. The obtained data was analyzed using the Baron and Kenny’s (1986) method and Sobel Test. Results showed that childcare teachers’ interpersonal relationship efficacy and optimistic attitude significantly influenced their job satisfaction through natural acting of emotional labor. Deep acting of emotional labor had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between optimistic attitude and job satisfaction. Specifically, interpersonal relationship efficacy and optimistic attitude significantly influenced natural acting of emotional labor, and the influence of optimistic attitude was significant on deep acting of emotional labor. For job satisfaction, the effects of interpersonal relationship efficacy and optimistic attitude were significant. Regarding emotional labor, natural and deep acting had a positive influence on job satisfaction, but the effect of surface acting was negatively significant on it. The results of this study will provide useful information for developing teacher education programs and building management policies in order to improve childcare teachers’ job satisfaction.

다문화멘토링 과정에 따른 대학생 멘토의 참여 경험에 관한 연구

박미숙(Park, Misuk),김영순(Kim, Youngsoon) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2016 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.16 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 다문화멘토링 실행과정에서 대학생들의 멘토링경험을 통하여 멘토의 다양한 변화를 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 2015년 3월부터 9월까지 다문화멘토링에 참여한 대학생 15명을 대상으로 심층인터뷰를 실시하고 이들의 인터뷰 내용을 멘토링 과정에 따라 분석하고 멘티의 변화요인을 찾아보았다. 이 에 대한 구체적인 경험은 첫째, 멘토링 실시 전 단계에서는 대학생으로 새로운 경험에 도전하기 위하여 다문화멘토링에 참여하였다. 많은 대학생들은 다문화가정에 대한 부정적인 인식이 자리 잡고 있었으며 다문화멘토로 선발되었을 때 기대감과 부담감이 교차하고 있었다. 둘째, 멘토링 실시단계에서는 멘토와 친해지기 위해 노력 하였으며 멘티의 학습적인 면과 정서적인 면, 상담 및 진로지도에 힘썼다. 셋째, 멘 토링 실시 후 단계에서는 멘토링을 종료하면서 멘토링 활동에 대해 반성 및 성찰을 하고 멘티가 잘 성장하기를 바라고 있었다. 이렇게 멘토링의 다양한 경험을 통하여 멘토들은 멘토링에 참여하여 다문화가정에 대한 인식이 변화하기도 하고 상호문화에 대한 다양성을 인정하는 기회가 되었다. 또한 다문화멘토링을 통하여 봉사에 대한 가치관이 변화되기도 하였다. 이처럼 대학생 멘토들의 멘토링 경험은 대학생들이 봉사에 대한 가치관을 형성하고 공동체의 중요성을 인식하게 하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore the various changes in mentors through the mentoring experiences of university students in the practice course. To achieve this, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 university students who participated in the multicultural mentoring program, then th contents of the interviews were analyzed according to the multicultural mentoring process and the elements of mentees’ perception change were found. The detailed experiences are as follows. First, in the stage before the mentoring implementation they participated in the multicultural mentoring program to challenges themselves in a new experience as a university student. Many students had had negative perceptions about multicultural mentoring and when they were selected as multicultural mentors expectations and pressure intersected in them. Second, in the stage of implementing mentoring, made efforts to become closer to mentees and in the educational and emotional sides of mentees, they made efforts in conducting consultation and career guidance. Third, in the stage after implementing mentoring, through concluding the mentoring, they went through self-reflection and self-examination, and wished for the mentee to develop well. Thus, through various experiences of mentoring, participating in the in the mentoring program, mentors had a change in perception of students from multicultural families. Also, they had the chance to acknowledge the diversity of interculture. Furthermore, through multicultural mentoring their perception of volunteering changed. As such the mentoring experience of university students developed their values in volunteering and brought them realization of the importance of community.