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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Menzies Dick (검색결과 5 건)
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Four months of rifampicin monotherapy for latent tuberculosis infection in children
Oh Chi Eun,Menzies Dick 대한소아청소년과학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.65 No.5
Diagnosing and treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is an important part of efforts to combat tuberculosis (TB). The Korean guidelines for TB published in 2020 recommend 2 LTBI regimens for children and adolescents: 9 months of daily isoniazid (9H) and 3 months of daily isoniazid plus rifampicin. Isoniazid for 6–12 months has been used to effectively treat LTBI in children for over 50 years. However, a long treatment period results in poor patient compliance. This review summarizes pediatric data on the treatment completion rate, safety, and efficacy of 4 months of daily rifampicin (4R) and evaluates the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rifampicin in children. The 4R regimen has a higher treatment completion rate than the 9H regimen and equivalent safety in children. The efficacy of preventing TB is also consistent with that of 9H when summarizing reports published to date. A shorter treatment period could increase patient compliance and, therefore, prevent TB in more patients. By using an effective, safe, and highly compliant regimen for the treatment of children with LTBI, we would become one step closer to our goal of eradicating TB.
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( Amaylia Oehadian ),( Prayudi Santoso ),( Dick Menzies ),( Rovina Ruslami ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2022 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.85 No.2
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by an organism that is resistant to both rifampicin and isoniazid. Extensively drug-resistant TB, a rare type of MDR-TB, is caused by an organism that is resistant to quinolone and one of group A TB drugs (i.e., linezolid and bedaquiline). In 2018, the World Health Organization revised the groupings of TB medicines and reclassified linezolid as a group A drug for the treatment of MDR-TB. Linezolid is a synthetic antimicrobial agent in the oxazolidinone class. Although linezolid has a good efficacy, it can cause substantial adverse events, especially hematologic toxicity. In both TB infection and linezolid mechanism of action, mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role. In this concise review, characteristics of linezolid as an anti-TB drug are summarized, including its efficacy, pathogenesis of hematologic toxicity highlighting mitochondrial dysfunction, and the monitoring and management of hematologic toxicity.
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Rovina Ruslami,Amaylia Oehadian,Prayudi Santoso,Dick Menzies 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2022 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.85 No.2
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by an organism that is resistant to both rifampicin and isoniazid. Extensively drug-resistant TB, a rare type of MDR-TB, is caused by an organism that is resistant to quinolone and one of group A TB drugs (i.e., linezolid and bedaquiline). In 2018, the World Health Organization revised the groupings of TB medicines and reclassified linezolid as a group A drug for the treatment of MDR-TB. Linezolid is a synthetic antimicrobial agent in the oxazolidinone class. Although linezolid has a good efficacy, it can cause substantial adverse events, especially hematologic toxicity. In both TB infection and linezolid mechanism of action, mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role. In this concise review, characteristics of linezolid as an anti-TB drug are summarized, including its efficacy, pathogenesis of hematologic toxicity highlighting mitochondrial dysfunction, and the monitoring and management of hematologic toxicity.
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( Ho Cheol Kim ),( Hee Jin Kim ),( Dick Menzies ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: This prospective study is the fi rst to report on the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in adult close contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in Korea. Methods: We enrolled close contacts of active TB patients at a regional tertiary hospital in Korea. Close contacts were tested for LTBI using the tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or QuantiFERON®-TB Gold (QFT-G) test. LTBI patients, who consented to treatment, were randomly assigned to receive isoniazid for 9 months (9INH) or rifampin for 4 months (4RIF). Results: We examined 189 close contacts (aged >18 years) of 107 active TB patients. TST was positive in 75 of 183 tested participants (39.7%), and QFT-G was positive in 45 of 118 tested participants (38.1%). The mean age of participants who tested positive with TST was signifi cantly higher than that of those who tested negative. Multivariate analysis showed that co-morbid illness and AFB positivity of the TB source case was signifi cantly associated with positive QFT G results. Forty-fi ve participants with LTBI were randomly assigned to receive 4RIF (n = 21) or 9INH (n = 24), respectively. The average treatment duration for the 4RIF and 9INH groups was 3.3 ± 1.3 and 6.1 ± 2.7 months, respectively. Twenty-fi ve of the participants initiated on 4RIF (n = 16) and 9INH (n = 9) completed treatment, while 2 participants in each group discontinued treatment due to adverse events. Conclusions: Our results show that a considerable proportion of the close contacts of pulmonary TB patients have LTBI.
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( Sun Hyo Park ),( Seung Jun Lee ),( Yu Ji Cho ),( Yi Yeong Jeong ),( Ho Cheol Kim ),( Jong Deog Lee ),( Hee Jin Kim ),( Dick Menzies ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.3
Background/Aims: The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in adult close contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in Korea. Methods: Adult close contacts of active pulmonary TB patients were recruited at a regional tertiary hospital in Korea. The participants were tested for LTBI using the tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) test. LTBI patients, who consented to treatment, were randomly assigned to receive isoniazid for 9 months (9INH) or rifampin for 4 months (4RIF). Results: We examined 189 adult close contacts (> 18 years) of 107 active pulmonary TB patients. The TST and QFT-G were positive (≥ 10 mm) in 75/183 (39.7%) and 45/118 (38.1%) tested participants, respectively. Among 88 TST or QFT-G positive LTBI participants, 45 participants were randomly assigned to receive 4RIF (n = 21) or 9INH (n = 24), respectively. The average treatment duration for the 4RIF and 9INH groups was 3.3 ± 1.3 and 6.1 ± 2.7 months, respectively. Treatment was completed in 25 participants (4RIF, n = 16; 9INH, n = 9). LTBI participants who accepted treatment were more likely to be women and have more cavitary lesions on the chest radiographs of index cases and positive TST and QFT-G results compared to those who refused treatment. Conclusions: About 40% of adult close contacts of active pulmonary TB patients had LTBI; about 50% of these LTBI participants agreed to treatment.
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