Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody and Its Association with Duodenal Biopsy in Diagnosis of Pediatric Celiac Disease

Meena, Daleep K.,Akunuri, Shalini,Meena, Preetam,Bhramer, Ashok,Sharma, Shiv D.,Gupta, Rajkumar The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate a possible association between the anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti-tTG) titer and stage of duodenal mucosal damage and assess a possible cut-off value of anti-tTG at which celiac disease (CD) may be diagnosed in children in conjunction with clinical judgment. Methods: This observational study was conducted at a gastroenterology clinic in a tertiary hospital from April 2012 to May 2013. Seventy children between 6-months and 18-years-old with suspected CD underwent celiac serology and duodenal biopsy. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS 16. Diagnostic test values were determined for comparing the anti-tTG titer with duodenal biopsy. An analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer tests were performed for comparing the means between groups. A receiver operating characteristics curve was plotted to determine various cut-off values of anti-tTG. Results: The mean antibody titer increased with severity of Marsh staging (p<0.001). An immunoglobulin (Ig) A-tTG value at 115 AU/mL had 76% sensitivity and 100% specificity with a 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and 17% negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosis of CD (p<0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-1). Conclusion: There is an association between the anti-tTG titer and stage of duodenal mucosal injury in children with CD. An anti-tTG value of 115 AU/mL (6.4 times the upper normal limit) had 76% sensitivity, 100% specificity, with a 100% PPV, and 17% NPV for diagnosing CD (95% CI, 0.75-1). This cut-off may be used in combination with clinical judgment to diagnose CD.

Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody and Its Association with Duodenal Biopsy in Diagnosis of Pediatric Celiac Disease

Daleep K. Meena,Shalini Akunuri,Preetam Meena,Ashok Bhramer,Shiv D. Sharma,Rajkumar Gupta 대한소아소화기영양학회 2019 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate a possible association between the anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti-tTG) titer and stage of duodenal mucosal damage and assess a possible cut-off value of anti-tTG at which celiac disease (CD) may be diagnosed in children in conjunction with clinical judgment. Methods: This observational study was conducted at a gastroenterology clinic in a tertiary hospital from April 2012 to May 2013. Seventy children between 6-months and 18-years-old with suspected CD underwent celiac serology and duodenal biopsy. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS 16. Diagnostic test values were determined for comparing the anti-tTG titer with duodenal biopsy. An analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer tests were performed for comparing the means between groups. A receiver operating characteristics curve was plotted to determine various cut-off values of anti-tTG. Results: The mean antibody titer increased with severity of Marsh staging ( p <0.001). An immunoglobulin (Ig) A-tTG value at 115 AU/mL had 76% sensitivity and 100% specificity with a 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and 17% negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosis of CD ( p <0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75–1). Conclusion: There is an association between the anti-tTG titer and stage of duodenal mucosal injury in children with CD. An anti-tTG value of 115 AU/mL (6.4 times the upper normal limit) had 76% sensitivity, 100% specificity, with a 100% PPV, and 17% NPV for diagnosing CD (95% CI, 0.75–1). This cut-off may be used in combination with clinical judgment to diagnose CD.

No Association of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Gene Polymorphisms with Breast Cancer in North-West Indians

Sharma, Sarika,Kapahi, Ruhi,Sambyal, Vasudha,Guleria, Kamlesh,Manjari, Mridu,Sudan, Meena,Uppal, Manjit Singh,Singh, Neeti Rajan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Background: Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) is the key regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia and plays a central role in tumour growth. Presence of Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the critical regulatory domains of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ may result in the overexpression of the protein and subsequent changes in the expression of the downstream target genes. The aim of study was to investigate the association of three SNPs (g.C111A, g.C1772T and g.G1790A) of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ with the risk of breast cancer in North Indian sporadic breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 subjects, including 200 healthy controls and 200 patients with breast cancer were recruited in this study. Genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The CC and CA genotype frequency of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ g.C111A polymorphism was 100 vs 99% and 0 vs 1% in breast cancer patients and healthy controls respectively. The frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotype of g.C1772T polymorphism were 76 vs 74.5%, 19 vs 21% and 5 vs 4.5% in breast cancer patients and control individuals respectively. There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ g.C1772T polymorphism between cases and control individuals (p>0.05). For g.G1790A genotypes, all patients and controls had only GG genotype. Conclusions: The three HIF-$1{\alpha}$ polymorphisms (g.C111A, g.C1772T and g.G1790A) are not associated with breast cancer risk in North-West Indian patients.

Enhanced Oil Yield by Catalytic Pyrolysis of Thermoplastics Using Cost-Effective Spent FCC and BaCO3 and Its Valorization to Gasoline and Diesel Grade Fuel via Fractionation

Meena Prathwiraj,Singh Surabhi,Sharma Manisha,Saharan Virendra Kumar,George Suja,Bhoi Rohidas 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.4

In this work, the fossil fuel-based thermoplastics, i.e., low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) were pyrolyzed at 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C thermally and catalytically to enhance the oil yield and further enrichment via fractionation. In the catalytic process, spent FCC (sFCC) and low-cost BaCO 3 with 10 wt% loading were used in a semibatch quartz reactor. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG) were carried out at 10 °C/min for LDPE, PP, and PS to analyze the degradation behavior. Among the used catalysts, the sFCC gives higher oil yield than BaCO 3 under identical conditions. The LDPE oil yield obtained was 55.5% and 35.7% for sFCC and BaCO 3 , respectively. Similar trends were observed for PP (80.0% and 70.0%) and PS (98.0% and 95.0%). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed that product oil composition obtained for sFCC-catalyzed pyrolysis process was majorly in the gasoline range (C 6 –C 12 ) whereas for BaCO 3 enabled pyrolysis in the diesel range (C 13 –C 18 ). Plausible acid and base-catalyzed reaction mechanism and product formation are discussed for catalytic pyrolysis of PP. Fractionation of pyrolysis oil was performed at 150 °C, 250 °C, and 350 °C and physiochemical properties as well as the visual inspection of resulting fractions were carried out as per ASTM methods. Overall, this work represents the utilization of sFCC and low-cost BaCO 3 catalyst to convert plastic waste into promising fuel.

TP53 Polymorphisms in Sporadic North Indian Breast Cancer Patients

Sharma, Sarika,Sambyal, Vasudha,Guleria, Kamlesh,Manjari, Mridu,Sudan, Meena,Uppal, Manjit Singh,Singh, Neeti Rajan,Bansal, Darpan,Gupta, Arun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of five (p.P47S, p.R72P, PIN3 Ins16bp, p.R213R and r.13494g>a) polymorphisms of TP53 with the risk of developing breast cancer in North Indian Punjabi population. Methods: We screened DNA samples of 200 sporadic breast cancer patients (197 females and 3 males) and 200 unrelated healthy, gender and age matched individuals for the polymorphisms. Results: For the p.P47S polymorphism, we observed the PP genotype in 99.5% of the patients and PS genotype in only 1 patient. All the controls had the wild type PP genotype. The frequency of RR, RP and PP genotype of p.R72P was 23.5% vs 33.5%, 51.5% vs 45.5% and 25% vs 21% in patients and controls respectively. Heterozygous (RP) genotype was increased in breast cancer patients as compared to controls (51.5 vs 45.5%) and showed 1.61 fold significantly increased risk for breast cancer (OR=1.61, 95% CI, 1.01-2.58, p=0.04). In breast cancer patients the frequencies of A1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 genotypes of PIN3 Ins16bp polymorphism were 67%, 26% and 7% respectively whereas in controls the genotype frequencies were 68.5%, 27.5% and 4% respectively, with no significant difference. For p.R213R (c.639A>G), all individuals had homozygous wild type genotype. The frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes of TP53 r.13494g>a polymorphism were 62 vs 67.5%, 33 vs 28% and 5 vs 4.5% in patients and controls respectively, again without significant difference. We observed that RP-A1A1 genotype combination of p.R72P and PIN3 Ins16bp and RP-GG combination of p.R72P and r.13494g>a polymorphism showed significant risk of breast cancer (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 0.98-2.78, p=0.05; OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.01-2.92, p=0.04). Conclusion: The results of present study indicated that among the five TP53 polymorphisms investigated, the p.R72P polymorphism, and the RP-A1A1 and RP-GG genotype combination contribute to breast cancer susceptibility in North Indians.

Waste Fly Ash Powder Filled Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite: Physical, Mechancial, Thermo-mechanical, and Threebody Abrasive Wear Analysis

Vikas Sharma,Makkhan Lal Meena,Mukesh Kumar,Amar Patnaik 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.4

In the present research work, waste fly ash powder-filled chopped glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites arefabricated. Conventional open mold casting technique is used for fabrication of composite samples. The fly ash powder isincorporated from 0 to 15 wt.% in the composite at an interval of 5 wt.% to analyze the physical (experimental and theoreticaldensities, void fraction and hardness), mechanical (tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus,impact strength), thermo-mechanical (dynamic mechanical analysis, DMA), and three-body abrasive wear rate, respectively. From this study, it is clearly seen that density, void fraction, and hardness of the composites improved with fly ash content. The strength and modulus of the composites increased with filler content up to 10 wt.%. For the analysis of the homogeneityof composites, the storage modulus, loss modulus, and the cole-cole plot are drawn from dynamic mechanical analysis. Finally, a three-body abrasive wear test is conducted for composite samples, in a steady-state abrasive wear condition up to10 wt.% fly ash filled composites shown better wear resistance with the variation in sliding distance and normal load. TheTaguchi’s design of experiment method is used for designing of experimental runs having input controlling variables likesliding distance, normal load, filler content, and abrasive size.

Nitrous oxide splurge in a tertiary health care center and its environmental impact: No more laughing stock

Amit Sharma,GD Puri,Rajeev Chauhan,Ankur Luthra,Gauri Khurana,Amarjyoti Hazarika,Shyam Charan Meena 대한치과마취과학회 2024 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.24 No.1

Background: Nitrous oxide has been an integral part of surgical anesthesia for many years in the developed world and is still used in developing countries such as India. The other main concerns in low-resource countries are the lack of an advanced anesthesia gas-scavenging system and modular surgical theatres. As a greenhouse gas that has been present in the atmosphere for more than 100 years and damages the ozone layer, nitrous oxide is three times worse than sevoflurane. Here, we conducted an observational study to quantify the annual nitrous oxide consumption and its environmental impact in terms of carbon dioxide equivalence in one of busiest tertiary health care and research centers in Northern India. Methods: Data related to nitrous oxide expenditure’ from the operation theatre and manifold complex of our tertiary care hospital and research center from 2018 to 2021 were collected monthly and analyzed. The outcomes were extracted from our observational study, which was approved by our institutional ethics board (INT/IEC/2017/1372 Dated 25.11.2017) and registered prospectively under the Central Registry (CTRI/2018/07/014745 Dated 05.07.2018). Results: The annual nitrous oxide consumption in our tertiary care hospital was 22,081.00, 22,904.00, 17,456.00, and 18,392.00 m3 (cubic meters) in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. This indicates that the environmental impact of nitrous oxide (in terms of CO2 equivalents) from our hospital in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was 13,016.64, 13,287.82, 10,289.94, and 10,841.24 tons, respectively. Conclusion: This huge amount of nitrous oxide splurge is no longer a matter of laughter, and serious efforts should be made at every central and peripheral health center level to reduce it.

Heteropolyacid-clay nano-composite as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolinones

Bashir A. Dar,Meena Sharma,Baldev Singh,Akshya K. Sahu,Praveen Patidar,Parduman R. Sharma,Nagaraju Mupparapu,Dushyant Vyas,Sudip Maity 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.2

The present research work is intended to synthesize a series of substituted 2,3-dihydro-2-phenylquinazolin-4(1H)-ones using clay-supported heteropolyacid as a novel heterogeneous, reusable and inexpensive catalyst. This catalyst afforded excellent yields in very short reaction times that shows high selectivity without affecting other functional groups, such as carbon–carbon double bond and heterocyclic moieties. The catalyst could be recycled at least six times and reused. The synthesis involves cyclo-condensation of anthranilamide with an aldehyde at room temperature in the presence of small amount of the catalyst. No column purification is required and products can be purified by simple crystallization.

Grinding-induced rapid, convenient and solvent free approach for the one pot synthesis of a-aminophosphonates using aluminium pillared interlayered clay catalyst

Bashir Ahmad Dar,Meena Sharma,Baldev Singh,Arup Chakraborty,Parduman R. Sharma,Varsha Shrivastava,Amrita Bhowmik,Dushyant Vyas,Prince Bhatti 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.3

An easy to prepare aluminium pillared interlayered clay (PILC) has been developed as a stable, recyclable and heterogeneous catalyst to promote the one-pot three component synthesis of a-aminophosphonates under solvent-free conditions using grindstone chemistry. Utilization of mild reaction conditions, clean conversion and greater selectivity under grinding conditions along with effortless separation, and purification of reaction products make this process extra attractive.