The Effect of Salinity (NaCl) on the Germination and Seedling of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

Jamil,M. Rha,Eui-Shik 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate seed germination and seedling of cabbage and sugar beet in four treatments of salinity including 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% NaCl. The results showed that different treatments of salinity had considerable effects on the germination and root and shoot length of cabbage and sugar beet. Percent of germination in both species showed significant decrease with increasing salinity up to 1.5% NaCl. This decrease was more evident in cabbage when compared to sugar beet. The required time for germination increased with high levels of salinity. The seedling growth of both species were inhibited by all salinity levels. Particularly at 1.0 and 1.5% NaCl, no measurable length was observed in cabbage and sugar beet. At 0.5% NaCl root growth of both plant species was more affected as compared to shoot growth by salinity.

Teleparallel Energy-momentum Distribution of Locally Rotationally Symmetric Spacetimes

M. Jamil Amir,Tahir Nazir 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.9

In this paper, we explore the energy-momentum distribution of locally rotationally symmetric(LRS) spacetimes in the context of the teleparallel theory of gravity by considering the three metrics,I, II and III, representing the whole class of LRS sapcetimes. In this regard, we use the teleparallelversions of the Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thomson, and M¨oller prescriptions. Theresults show that the momentum density components for the Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson, andM¨oller prescriptions turn out to be same in all cases of the metrics I, II and III, but are differentfrom those of the Landau- Lifshitz prescription, while the energy components remain the same forthese three prescriptions only in all possible cases of the metrics I and II. We mention here thatthe M¨oller energy-momentum distribution is independent of the coupling constant ; that is, theseresults are valid for any teleparallel models.

Filler Effect of Pozzolanic Materials on the Strength and Microstructure Development of Mortar

M. N. N. Khan,M. Jamil,M. R. Karim,M. F. M. Zain,A. B. M. A. Kaish 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.1

The utilization of pozzolans in cementitious system (concrete and mortar) minimizes both cost and energy. It also enhances mechanical strength and durability of the system. The total contribution of pozzolans can be categorized into two: (i) physical or filler effect which is attributed by the fineness of the particles and (ii) chemical or pozzolanic effect which is attributed by the pozzolanic reaction. It is difficult to quantify the strength development of cementitious system caused by the filler and pozzolanic effect separately. Therefore, the individual contribution of pozzolans in cementitious system because of its physical and chemical effects need to be profoundly understood by the scientific community. This paper reviews available literatures to understand the effect of non-reactive fillers that attributed as the microfiller effect of pozzolans in cementitious systems. The previous studies utilized chemically inactive materials that attributed only the microfiller activity of pozzolans for a partial replacement of cement. It was reported that filler effect is equal or sometimes more significant than pozzolanic effect in concrete. A larger range of replacement percentages (like 5%, 10%, 15% or 10%, 20%, 30% etc.) was used in the previous studies. However, probabilities of the optimum compressive strength because of the filler effect may lie in between two larger range of replacement percentages. Therefore, an experimental work is also carried out using natural ground sand of size 7.6-μm at a lower range of cement replacement percentages (like 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% etc.) in mortar. Compressive strength of mortar at different ages and microstructure analysis of mortar at 28 days were performed in this study. Test results showed that the filler effect is more pronounced at a lower replacement percentages of cement (0-10%) while using smaller non-reactive fillers. The maximum strength due to filler effect of ground sand is acheieved at 7.5% replacement of cement. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images also confirmed the effect of fillers on the microstructure development of mortar.

Structure-based magnetic, electrical and transport properties of Ni–Zn–Co ferrite by V5+ substitution

Hossain M.D.,Khan M.N.I.,Hossain Md Sarowar,Ahned S.J.,Alam M.K.,Liba S.I.,Hakim M.A.,Jamil A.T.M.K. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.43 No.-

This article presents the modification of structure-based magnetic, electronic and transport properties along with the conduction mechanism and its relaxation process in a Ni–Zn–Co ferrite tailored by V5+ substitution at B-site replacing Fe3+ ions. The composition Ni0.7Zn0.2Co0.1Fe2-xVxO4 (0≤ x≤ 0.12) was synthesized by standard solid-state reaction method and all samples were crystallized with a single-phase cubic spinel structure belonging to the Fd3m space group. The lattice constants decreased gradually from 8.3673≽A to 8.3602≽A and the average grain sizes (DSEM) are also decreased from 6.92 μm to 1.99 μm due to V5+ ions substitution at Fe3+ of B-site. However, more than 25% of Fe3+ ions migrate to A-site from B-site due to V5+ substitution at Fe3+ of B-site. In all samples θD does not strictly follow the Anderson’s prediction, rather it monotonically decreases to a low value until x = 0.12. Magnetic phase transition temperature shifted to the lower temperature and the net magnetization (ηeB) decreases due to V5+ substitution in Ni–Zn–Co ferrite. Apart this, during conduction charge carriers should require more energy to jump from one cationic site to other for V5+ substitution in the Ni–Zn–Co ferrite and the activation energy (Ea) is much more higher in V5+ substituted sample. Moreover, long-range interaction with localized relaxation mechanism is observed in V5+ doped samples. The resistance at the grain (Rg) is maximum (243.09 Ω) for the sample x = 0.10 while grain boundary resistance (Rgb) is maximum (5.98×105 Ω) for the sample x = 0.07. However, the higher value of ρdC for x = 0.12 sample ensures to be suitable for electromagnets, transformers, electronic inductors, and at high-frequency applications. Moreover, x = 0.07 sample displays high value of TCR ( -8.6%/K at 418 K) which may be utilized as an infrared detector for night vision bolometer material.

An Overview Salinity; A Major Threat to Pakistan Agriculture

M. Jamil,Sheong Chun Lee,Jin Hai Kim,Eui Shik Rha 한국국제농업개발학회 2006 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

New GEANT4 Monte Carlo Simulation Results of a Multigap RPC for Positrons and Electrons

M. Jamil,J. T. Rhee,Young Jae Jeon 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.4

GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations are a useful tool to evaluate different particle responses for various experimental environments. By employing the GEANT4 toolkit, one can take into account many detector characteristics. In this work, a multigap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) has been simulated using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo code to study the response of charged particles, and in particular electrons and positrons. As a comparison test, relatively different MRPC configurations single-gap, 3-gap, 5-gap, and 7-gap configurations, have been used to measure the performance of the MRPC. By employing the GEANT4 MC code, both e+ and e− were inserted into the MRPC chambers in the energy range of 0.1 – 100 MeV. A summary of the obtained results is presented. GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations are a useful tool to evaluate different particle responses for various experimental environments. By employing the GEANT4 toolkit, one can take into account many detector characteristics. In this work, a multigap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) has been simulated using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo code to study the response of charged particles, and in particular electrons and positrons. As a comparison test, relatively different MRPC configurations single-gap, 3-gap, 5-gap, and 7-gap configurations, have been used to measure the performance of the MRPC. By employing the GEANT4 MC code, both e+ and e− were inserted into the MRPC chambers in the energy range of 0.1 – 100 MeV. A summary of the obtained results is presented.

The Response of Brassica Species Against NaCI Stress During Germination and Seedling Growth

M. Jamil,Deog Bae Lee,Jae Duk Kim,Kwang Yong Jung,M. Ashraf,S. Rehman,Sheong Chun Lee,Eui Shik Rha 한국국제농업개발학회 2005 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

Jeans instability with exchange effects in quantum dusty magnetoplasmas (7 pages)

Jamil, M.,Rasheed, A.,Rozina, Ch.,Jung, Y.-D.,Salimullah, M. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 2015 Physics of plasmas Vol.22 No.8

Simulation Response of a Multi-Gap Resistive Plate Chamber to Gamma-rays of 0.007 MeV < Er < 1.0 GeV

M. Jamil,J. T. Rhee,H. Jhang,전영재 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.1

This paper describes the simulation performance of a multigap resistive plate chamber(RPC). This work reports GEANT4 based simulation results for a multigap RPC obtained for gamma rays in the energy range 0.007 MeV - 1.0 GeV. These simulation results show that the gamma- ray sensitivity (for an isotropic source) in the 3-gap model is 5.52 ×10^-2 at about 1.0 GeV. For the same energy scale and source configuration, with the 4-gaps model, this results is 5.54 × 10^-2. Similar, but lower sensitivity results, have been found for the parallel gamma- source configurations. A comparison of previous results for single- and multi-gap RPC with the current simulation results is performed.

Development and performance characteristics of silane crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan membranes for reverse osmosis

M. Shafiq,A. Sabir,A. Islam,S.M. Khan,S.N. Hussain,M.T.Z. Z. Butt,T. Jamil 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.48 No.-

Novel thinfilm poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan (PVA/CS) based reverse osmosis membranes infused withsilane crosslinked tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) were prepared by dissolution casting methodology. Theperformance characteristics and the scope of the reverse osmosis membranes were explicated by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanningcalorimetery (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD) andreverse osmosis (RO) permeation tests which determined the functional groups and network of covalentcrosslinks, thermal properties, morphology, hydrophilicity, structural investigation and RO properties,respectively. It was found that the membrane surface became smoother, more hydrophilic, withimproved thermal stability, increased salt rejection and good permeationflux after the appropriateinfusion of TEOS. The crosslinked membranes showed more hydrophilicity compared to theuncrosslinked PVCS membrane. The SEM micrographs of membranes revealed dense structure withno mottled surfaces. PVCS-4 showed an optimalflux of 1.84 L/m2h and 80% salt rejection that confirmedthe selective interaction of TEOS molecules with PVA/CS polymer backbone compared to the pristine(PVCS) membrane. The antibacterial properties of the membranes showed the inhibition of the growth ofEscherichia coli successfully.