Structure-based magnetic, electrical and transport properties of Ni–Zn–Co ferrite by V5+ substitution

Hossain M.D.,Khan M.N.I.,Hossain Md Sarowar,Ahned S.J.,Alam M.K.,Liba S.I.,Hakim M.A.,Jamil A.T.M.K. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.43 No.-

This article presents the modification of structure-based magnetic, electronic and transport properties along with the conduction mechanism and its relaxation process in a Ni–Zn–Co ferrite tailored by V5+ substitution at B-site replacing Fe3+ ions. The composition Ni0.7Zn0.2Co0.1Fe2-xVxO4 (0≤ x≤ 0.12) was synthesized by standard solid-state reaction method and all samples were crystallized with a single-phase cubic spinel structure belonging to the Fd3m space group. The lattice constants decreased gradually from 8.3673≽A to 8.3602≽A and the average grain sizes (DSEM) are also decreased from 6.92 μm to 1.99 μm due to V5+ ions substitution at Fe3+ of B-site. However, more than 25% of Fe3+ ions migrate to A-site from B-site due to V5+ substitution at Fe3+ of B-site. In all samples θD does not strictly follow the Anderson’s prediction, rather it monotonically decreases to a low value until x = 0.12. Magnetic phase transition temperature shifted to the lower temperature and the net magnetization (ηeB) decreases due to V5+ substitution in Ni–Zn–Co ferrite. Apart this, during conduction charge carriers should require more energy to jump from one cationic site to other for V5+ substitution in the Ni–Zn–Co ferrite and the activation energy (Ea) is much more higher in V5+ substituted sample. Moreover, long-range interaction with localized relaxation mechanism is observed in V5+ doped samples. The resistance at the grain (Rg) is maximum (243.09 Ω) for the sample x = 0.10 while grain boundary resistance (Rgb) is maximum (5.98×105 Ω) for the sample x = 0.07. However, the higher value of ρdC for x = 0.12 sample ensures to be suitable for electromagnets, transformers, electronic inductors, and at high-frequency applications. Moreover, x = 0.07 sample displays high value of TCR ( -8.6%/K at 418 K) which may be utilized as an infrared detector for night vision bolometer material.

Estimation of Effective Population Size in the Sapsaree: A Korean Native Dog (Canis familiaris)

Alam, M.,Han, K.I.,Lee, D.H.,Ha, J.H.,Kim, J.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.8

Effective population size ($N_e$) is an important measure to understand population structure and genetic variability in animal species. The objective of this study was to estimate $N_e$ in Sapsaree dogs using the information of rate of inbreeding and genomic data that were obtained from pedigree and the Illumina CanineSNP20 (20K) and CanineHD (170K) beadchips, respectively. Three SNP panels, i.e. Sap134 (20K), Sap60 (170K), and Sap183 (the combined panel from the 20K and 170K), were used to genotype 134, 60, and 183 animal samples, respectively. The $N_e$ estimates based on inbreeding rate ranged from 16 to 51 about five to 13 generations ago. With the use of SNP genotypes, two methods were applied for $N_e$ estimation, i.e. pair-wise $r^2$ values using a simple expectation of distance and $r^2$ values under a non-linear regression with respective distances assuming a finite population size. The average pair-wise $N_e$ estimates across generations using the pairs of SNPs that were located within 5 Mb in the Sap134, Sap60, and Sap183 panels, were 1,486, 1,025 and 1,293, respectively. Under the non-linear regression method, the average $N_e$ estimates were 1,601, 528, and 1,129 for the respective panels. Also, the point estimates of past $N_e$ at 5, 20, and 50 generations ago ranged between 64 to 75, 245 to 286, and 573 to 646, respectively, indicating a significant $N_e$ reduction in the last several generations. These results suggest a strong necessity for minimizing inbreeding through the application of genomic selection or other breeding strategies to increase $N_e$, so as to maintain genetic variation and to avoid future bottlenecks in the Sapsaree population.

Template Based Electrochemical Synthesis of Co-rich Nanowires for Barcode Segment

M. K. Alam,T. S. Ramulu,S. S. Yoon,C. G. Kim 한국자기학회 2014 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.2014 No.11

Effect of Tannins in Acacia nilotica, Albizia procera and Sesbania acculeata Foliage Determined In vitro, In sacco, and In vivo

Alam, M.R.,Amin, M.R.,Kabir, A.K.M.A.,Moniruzzaman, M.,McNeill, D.M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.2

The nutritive value and the effect of tannins on the utilization of foliage from three commonly used legumes, Acacia nilotica, Albizia procera, and Sesbania acculeata, were determined. Three mature rumen-fistulated bullocks were used to study in sacco degradability and twelve adult sheep were randomly allocated on the basis of live weight to 4 groups of 3 in each to study the in vivo digestibility of the foliages. In all foliages, the contents of crude protein (17 to 24% of DM) were high. Fibre was especially high in Albizia (NDF 58.8% of DM vs. 21% in Sesbania and 15.4% in Acacia). Contents of both hydrolysable (4.4 to 0.05%) and condensed tannins (1.2 to 0.04%) varied from medium to low in the foliages. Acacia contained the highest level of total phenolics (20.1%), protein precipitable phenolics (13.2%) and had the highest capacity to precipitate protein (14.7%). Drying in shade reduced the tannin content in Acacia and Albizia by 48.6 and 69.3% respectively. The foliages ranked similarly for each of the different methods used to estimate tannin content and activity. Acacia and Sesbania foliage was highly degradable (85-87% potential degradability of DM in sacco), compared to Albizia (52%), indicating a minimal effect of tannins in Acacia and Sesbania. Yet, in vitro, the tannins in the Acacia inhibited microbial activity more than those in Albizia and Sesbania. Following the addition of polyethylene glycol to neutralise the tannins, gas production and microbial growth increased by 59% and 0.09 mg RNA equiv./dg microbial yield respectively in the Acacia, compared to 16-17% and 0.06 mg RNA equiv./dg microbial yield in the other foliages. There was a trend for low in vivo apparent digestibility of N in the Acacia (43.2%) and Albizia (44.2%) compared to the Sesbania (54.5%) supplemented groups. This was likely to be due to presence of tannins. Consistent with this was the low N retention (0.22 and 0.19 g N/g NI) in sheep supplemented with Acacia and Albizia compared to that for the Sesbania (0.32). Similarly, a trend for poor microbial N yield was observed in sheep fed these foliages. Across the foliages tested, an increase in tannin content was associated with a reduction in ruminal fermentation, N digestibility and N retention. For overall nutritive value, Sesbania proved to be the superior forage of the three tested.

A physics-based analytical model for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells incorporating monomolecular recombination mechanism

M.M. Chowdhury,M.K. Alam 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.3

We present an analytical model for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells incorporating the physics of recombination in the transport equations. Monomolecular recombination process is considered to be the dominant mechanism and treated explicitly. The proposed analytical model shows good agreement with the experimental data as well as with the numerical simulations. The improvements over the previous models are also presented to show the importance of considering the recombination process. The model can be used to find device characteristics such as currentevoltage characteristic, efficiency etc. of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells avoiding the mathematical complexities of numerical models.

Sensitive Chemiluminescence Determination of Enoxacin by Flow-Injection Analysis in Biological Fluid and Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Copper(II) in Luminol-H₂O₂ System

Alam, A.-M.,Ferdous, T.,Kamruzzaman, M.,Lee, S.H.,Kim, Y.H.,Suh, J.K.,Chung, H.Y.,Suh, Y.S. American Scientific Publishers 2011 Sensor letters Vol.9 No.2

Stability Analysis of Some Agronomical Characters and Yield Components of Barley in Response to Irrigation Period

M. Anisuzzaman,Iftekhar Alam,A. H. M. Mahbubur Rahman,A. K. M. R. Islam,Nagib Ahsan 韓國作物學會 2007 Korean journal of crop science Vol.52 No.4

With the aim to analyze stability performance of six promising barley genotypes, eleven yield related characters were evaluated employing varied irrigation treatments under the tropical climate of Northern part in Bangladesh. Analysis of variance(ANOVA), phenotypic index, regression co-efficient(bi) and deviation from regression(s2d ) of the individual genotypes were estimated to evaluate the stable performance of the genotypes. A significant interaction was observed between the genotypes and irrigation period(G~timesT ). Among all the genotypes, BSH-2 showed stable performance for plant height under different irrigation period, where P>~barX,~;bi~1~;and~;s2d~0. High phenotypic index, lower bi value and low deviations from regression were observed in case of spikelet number per spike and grain number per spike for genotype BSH-2 and plant height, spike length and harvest index per plant for BB-2 which suggest that those parameters were not usually affected by irrigation. On the other hand the genotype BSH-2 for tiller number and BB-1 for the fertile tiller number were not suitable for favorable moisture content, where P<~barX,~;bi>1.0~;and~;low~;s2d. Thus we suggest that genotype BSH-2 might have transmit high mean and increased phenotypic stability to the next progenies, which may consider as an ideal genotype for developing improved barely cultivars.

Protective effect of Kundur (Boswellia serrata) against mercuric chloride induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Alam, M.,Javed, K.,Jafri, M.A. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2006 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.6 No.2

The effect of Kundur (oleo-gum resin of Boswellia serrata) and its fractions viz: methanol soluble (MS) and methanol insoluble (MI) were investigated on mercuric chloride induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The animals of group I and II were administered with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (1,000 mg/kg, p.o.) and the animals of groups III, IV and V were administered with Kundur (1,000 mg/kg, p.o.), MS (650 mg/kg, p.o.) and MI (350 mg/kg, p.o.) respectively for ten days. On 10th day a single dose of the mercuric chloride (3 mg/kg, 5.c.) was also administered to all groups except the group I which received only 1% CMC (10 ml/kg, p.o.). After two days of mercuric chloride administration the blood samples of each animal were collected and analyzed for blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentration. Rats fed with Kundur and MI fraction showed a significant prevention in the rise of serum markers while MS failed to prevent the rise of these serum makers. These results suggest that Kundur and MI fraction may have potential to reduce the nephrotoxicity in rats.

Intermediary Metabolism of Plasma Acetic Acid, Glucose and Protein in Sheep Fed a Rice Straw-based Diet

Alam, M.K.,Ogata, Y.,Sako, Y.,Al-Mamun, M.,Sano, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.10

The present study was conducted to determine plasma acetate, glucose and protein metabolism using dilution of isotopes [[1-$^{13}C$]Na acetate, [U-$^{13}C$]glucose and [1-$^{13}C$]leucine (Leu)] in sheep fed rice straw (Oriza japonica L.). Four sheep were assigned to either rice straw (RS-diet) or mixed hay (MH-diet) with a crossover design. Nitrogen (N) intake and N digestibility were lower (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02, respectively) for RS-diet than MH-diet, but N retention did not differ (p>0.10) between the diets. Concentrations of rumen acetate tended to be lower (p = 0.07), and propionate was higher (p = 0.02) for RS-diet than MH-diet. Concentrations of plasma lactate, non-esterified fatty acids, Leu and ${\alpha}$-ketoisocaproic acid did not differ (p>0.10) between the diets, but plasma glucose and urea concentrations were lower (p = 0.01 and p = 0.003, respectively) for RS-diet than MH-diet. Turnover rate of plasma acetate did not differ (p = 0.39) between the diets, and plasma glucose and Leu turnover rates were numerically lower (p = 0.15 and p = 0.14, respectively) for RS-diet than MH-diet. Whole body protein synthesis and degradation did not differ (p>0.10) between the diets. Thus it can be concluded that the intermediary metabolism of acetate, glucose and protein on rice straw is comparable to mixed hay in sheep.

Crystal structures of murine norovirus-1 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in complex with 2-thiouridine or ribavirin

Alam, I.,Lee, J.H.,Cho, K.J.,Han, K.R.,Yang, J.M.,Chung, M.S.,Kim, K.H. Academic Press 2012 Virology Vol.426 No.2

Murine norovirus-1 (MNV-1) shares many features with human norovirus (HuNoV) and both are classified within the norovirus genus of Caliciviridae family. MNV-1 is used as the surrogate for HuNoV research since it is the only form that can be grown in cell culture. HuNoV and MNV-1 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) proteins with the sequence identity of 59% show essentially identical conformations. Here we report the first structural evidence of 2-thiouridine (2TU) or ribavirin binding to MNV-1 RdRp, based on the crystal structures determined at 2.2A and 2.5A resolutions, respectively. Cellular and biochemical studies revealed stronger inhibitory effect of 2TU on the replication of MNV-1 in RAW 264.7 cells, compared to that of ribavirin. Our complex structures highlight the key interactions involved in recognition of the nucleoside analogs which block the active site of the viral RNA polymerase.