Penicilazaphilone C, a new antineoplastic and antibacterial azaphilone from the Marine Fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum

Song-lin Zhou,Min Wang,Huan-ge Zhao,Yong-hao Huang,Ying-ying Lin,Guang-hong Tan,Shung-lin Chen 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.12

Two azaphilonidal derivatives [penicilazaphilonesB (1) and C (2)], have been isolated from thefermented products of marine fungus strain Penicilliumsclerotiorum M-22, penicilazaphilones C was a new compound. The compound’s structures were identified by theanalysis of spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMRtechniques (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY, HMQC, andHMBC). Biological evaluation revealed that penicilazaphilonesB and C showed selective cytotoxicity againstmelanoma cells B-16 and human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 with IC50 values of 0.291, 0.449 and 0.065,0.720 mM, respectively, while exhibiting no significanttoxicity to normal mammary epithelial cells M10 at thesame concentration. Moreover, penicilazaphilones C alsoexhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcusaureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiellapneumonia and Escherichia coli with MIC values0.037–0.150 mM, while penicilazaphilones B’s bacteriostaticaction was weaker.

Medical students’ self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction with training on endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization with smart glasses in Taiwan: a non-equivalent control-group pre- and post-test study

Yu-Fan Lin,Chien-Ying Wang,Yen-Hsun Huang,Sheng-Min Lin,Ying-Ying Yang 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2022 보건의료교육평가 Vol.19 No.-

Purpose Endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization are essential procedures in clinical practice. Simulation-based technology such as smart glasses has been used to facilitate medical students’ training on these procedures. We investigated medical students’ self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction regarding the practice and training of these procedures with smart glasses in Taiwan. Methods This observational study enrolled 145 medical students in the 5th and 6th years participating in clerkships at Taipei Veterans General Hospital between October 2020 and December 2021. Students were divided into the smart glasses or the control group and received training at a workshop. The primary outcomes included students’ pre- and post-intervention scores for self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction with the training tool, instructor’s teaching, and the workshop. Results The pre-intervention scores for self-assessed efficacy of 5th- and 6th-year medical students in endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization procedures showed no significant difference. The post-intervention score of self-assessed efficacy in the smart glasses group was better than that of the control group. Moreover, 6th-year medical students in the smart glasses group showed higher satisfaction with the training tool, instructor’s teaching, and workshop than those in the control group. Conclusion Smart glasses served as a suitable simulation tool for endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization procedures training in medical students. Medical students practicing with smart glasses showed improved self-assessed efficacy and higher satisfaction with training, especially for procedural steps in a space-limited field. Simulation training on procedural skills with smart glasses in 5th-year medical students may be adjusted to improve their satisfaction.

Trends in incidence and survival outcome of epithelial ovarian cancer: 30-year national population-based registry in Taiwan

Ying-Cheng Chiang,Chi-An Chen,Chun-Ju Chiang,Tsui-Hsia Hsu,Ming-Chieh Lin,San-Lin You,Wen-Fang Cheng,Mei-Shu Lai 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.4

Objective: To investigate the changes of incidence and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in thirty years in Taiwan. Methods: The databases of women with epithelial ovarian cancer during the period from 1979 to 2008 were retrieved from the National Cancer Registration System of Taiwan. The incidence and prognosis of these patients were analyzed. Results: Totally 9,491 patients were included in the study. The age-adjusted incidences of epithelial ovarian cancer were 1.01, 1.37, 2.37, 3.24, 4.18, and 6.33 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, in every 5-year period from 1979 to 2008. The age-specific incidence rates increased especially in serous, endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma, and the age of diagnosis decreased from sixty to fifty years old in the three decades. Patients with mucinous, endometrioid, or clear cell carcinoma had better long-term survival than patients with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). Patients with undifferentiated carcinoma or carcinosarcoma had poorer survival than those with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). The mortality risk of age at diagnosis of 30-39 was significantly higher than that of age of 70 years or more (test for trend, p<0.001). The mortality risk decreased from the period of 1996-1999 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; p=0.054) to the period after 2000 (HR, 0.74; p<0.001) as compared with that from the period of 1991-1995. Conclusion: An increasing incidence and decreasing age of diagnosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients were noted. Histological type, age of diagnosis, and treatment period were important prognostic factors for epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

A “New Normal” in Communist China’s Military Leadership Reshuffles: An Interpretation of the New Line-up of Central Military Commission Following the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

Ying Yu Lin 한국국방연구원 2023 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.35 No.3

Following the widely observed 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the fall of 2022, observers brought to public attention the replacement of quite a few previously hopeful candidates for top positions in the CPC with ones that were not comparable in seniority and age but had all been colleagues of Xi Jinping before Xi became the top leader of China. Such an unexpected precedent-breaking arrangement was also seen in the selection of members of the new Central Military Commission (CMC). China still advocates the decades-old tenet that the Party commands the gun yet without forgetting at the same time the equally long-lasting principle that political power grows out of the barrel of a gun. Therefore, control over the military is essential to the consolidation of political power. That is where the pivotal role of the CMC comes into play. What are the strategic implications of the new line-up of the CMC after the 20th CPC National Congress? To the surprise of quite a few observers, Zhang Youxia retained his position as one of the two vice chairmen of the commission. The other vice chairman is He Weidong, a new addition to the CMC. The other two new members of the seven-person CMC, including President Xi, who serves concurrently as chairman of the commission, are Liu Zhenli, who is the Chief of the CMC Joint Staff Department, and Li Shangfu, the new defense minister. The other two members, including Miao Hua and Zhang Shengmin, have been on the commission since the 19th CPC National Congress. What are the considerations behind the reshuffle in China’s top military decision-making and command body? All these questions are to be dealt with in this paper. The generals and admirals mentioned above shall be the subjects of analysis. Their backgrounds and specialties may be the reason why they were chosen for their positions.

CONSUMER LOCAL-GLOBAL IDENTITY, BRAND ORIGIN, AND CODE-SWITCHED AD EFFECTIVENESS AMONG MONOLINGUALS

Ying-Ching Lin,Kai-Yu Wang 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

There has been an increasing trend of using code-switching to enhance ad persuasion among local and global brands. Ads that include two or more languages are referred to as code-switched ads (Luna and Peracchio 2005a; 2005b). It is noted that previous studies investigating code-switched ad effectiveness have focused on bilinguals, not monolinguals. Due to the emerging use of code-switching in ads in monolingual markets, more research efforts are required to understand its effectiveness and boundaries among the monolinguals. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of consumer local-global identity in the effectiveness of code-switched ads among monolinguals. Two experiments were conducted and the results confirmed our hypothesis that consumer local-global identity moderates the effect of code-switched ads. The results indicated that congruence between consumer local-global identity and code-switching enhanced persuasiveness. In addition, the mediating effect of ad involvement was identified. These findings provide managerial implications for marketers.

PLA Reforms as Seen from the Composition of the Central Military Commission of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

Ying Yu Lin 한국국방연구원 2019 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.31 No.4

Following the most recent round of military reforms launched in 2016, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), from the highest to the lowest echelons, has been moving in the direction dictated by President Xi Jinping. The major concern of the PLA, however, is the membership of the Central Military Commission (CMC). The list of candidates for the CMC of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was not decided until the rst plenary session of the Central Committee of the CPC after the 19th National Congress. The CMC retains its one chairman and two vice chairmen leadership structure, but only the chiefs of the Joint Staff Department and Political Work Department, the Minister of National Defense and the head of the Commission for Discipline Inspection are granted a seat in the CMC. As compared with the 18th CMC, the 19th CMC has fewer members. The decrease in the number of CMC members represents a change in the command structure of the PLA. From a hierarchical perspective, each level of command has its political and professional signicance, also tasked with different missions. All levels work together to manage the PLA, the world’s largest military force. From the change in the composition of the CMC, the selection of candidates for CMC membership, the qualications of the candidates in terms of grade and rank, and their functions, this study seeks to nd out the impact of the 19th CMC members and newly-appointed theater commands’ and the services’ commanding generals and admirals on the PLA reforms as well as the implications thereof.

Investigation and Simulation Study on the Cascading Trip-off Fault of a Large Number of Wind Turbines in China on May 14, 2012

Ying Qiao,Zong-Xiang Lu,Ji Lu,Jia-Yang Ruan,Lin-lin Wu 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.6

The integration of the large-scale wind power brings great challenge to the stability of the power grid. This paper investigates and studies the fault on May 14, 2012 of the large-scale cascading trip-off of wind turbines in North China. According to the characteristics of the voltage variation, the fault process is divided into three stages: the pre-event stage, the critical stage before cascading, and the cascading stage. The scenes in the fault are reproduced, using the full-size actual power system model. Simulation models of double-fed induction generators (DFIGs) and SVCs including protection settings and controller strategies are carefully chosen to find out the reason of voltage instability in each stage. Some voltage dynamic that have never been observed before in the faults of the same kind are analyzed in detail, and an equivalent voltage sensitive dynamic model of DFIG is proposed for the fast computation. The conclusions about the voltage dynamics are validated by the actual PMU observation evidence.

Risk Assessment of Breast Cancer in Guangdong, China: A Community-based Survey

Lin, Ying,Shao, Nan,Zhang, Yun-Jian,Wu, Zhuang-Hong,Li, Zhi-Bin,Ren, Ze-Fang,Wang, Shen-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Objectives: Compared with Western countries, the incidence rates for breast cancer in China are still low. However, breast cancer appears to be hitting Chinese women at a much younger age, with a peak between 40 and 50 years. Furthermore, breast tumors of Asian women have molecular and genetic characteristics that are different from those of Caucasian women. Methods: A community-based study was designed to evaluate the relationship between lifestyles and breast cancer risk in Chinese women residing in Guangzhou. 16,314 subjects completed the questionnaire. Potential confounding factors included sociodemographic characteristics. Results: 33 individuals reported a history of breast cancer, yielding a prevalence rate of 202.3/100000. Associations between subjects' demographic and breast cancer risk factors were assessed. Breast cancer is associated with family history of breast cancer, X-rays received, benign breast disease and hyperlipoidemia or hypercholesteremia with elevated odds ratios. Conclusions: Family history of breast cancer, X-ray received benign breast disease and hyperlipoidemia or hypercholesteremia were significantly associated with risk of breast cancer and may havepotential for breast cancer risk assessment.

China’s Progressive Military Modernization as Seen from the Wars Involving or Impacting It between 1950 and 2020

Ying Yu Lin 한국국방연구원 2022 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.34 No.3

What distinguishes China’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA) from other countries’ armies is the fact that the PLA was in existence, initially with a different name though, before the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as the legitimate government of China, as opposed to the Republic of China (ROC) government, or the Nationalist government, that retreated to Taiwan after losing the Civil War. As an armed wing of the Communist Party of China (CPC) since its inception in 1927, the PLA has undergone a considerable transformation from a “millet plus rifles” force to one that Beijing can count on as a powerful backing for its “wolf warrior” diplomacy. The meaning behind all this is that China’s military modernization efforts are paying off. Analyzing historical events in chronological order, this paper aims to find out how the wars involving or impacting China over the past seven decades, as well as specific international conflicts and China’s domestic politics in the same period of time, have contributed to the PLA’s modernization to date. The most recent round of military reform initiated by Chinese President Xi Jinping serves as a case for analysis in depth so as to have a better understanding of the PLA’s modernization.

Diagnostic Value of Human Epididymis Protein 4 Compared with Mesothelin for Ovarian Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Lin, Jia-Ying,Qin, Jin-Bao,Li, Xiao-Yan,Dong, Ping,Yin, Bing-De Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Background and Purpose: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologic cancers because of the lack of effective early detection methods. Accuracies of the human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and mesothelin in detecting ovarian cancer have never been systematically assessed. The current systematic review aimed to tackle this issue. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched (September 1995-November 2011) for studies on the diagnostic performances of HE4 and mesothelin in differentiating ovarian cancer from other benign gynecologic diseases. QUADAS items were used to evaluate the qualities of the studies. Meta-DiSc software was used to handle data from the included studies and to examine heterogeneity. All included studies for diagnostic performance were combined with sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves, and areas under the SROC curves (AUC). Results: A total of 18 studies and 3,865 patients were eligible for the final analysis. The pooled sensitivity estimates for HE4 (74.4%) were significantly higher than those for mesothelin (49.3%). The pooled specificity estimates for mesothelin (94.5%) were higher than those for HE4 (85.8%). The pooled DOR estimates for HE4 (26.22) were higher than those for mesothelin (24.01). The SROC curve for HE4 showed better diagnostic accuracy than that for mesothelin. The PLR and NLR of HE4 were 6.33 (95% CI: 3.58 to 11.18) and 0.27 (95% CI: 0.21 to 0.34), respectively. The PLR and NLR for mesothelin were 11.0 (95% CI: 6.21 to 19.59) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.42 to 0.62), respectively. The combination of the two tumor markers or their combination with CA-125 increased sensitivity and specificity to different extents. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of HE4 in differentiating ovarian cancer from other benign gynecologic diseases is better than that of soluble mesothelin-related protein. Combinations of two or more tumor markers show more sensitivity and specificity.