Flavonoid fractions of diosmin and hesperidin mitigate lead acetate-induced biochemical, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in Wistar rats

Lamidi Ibrahim Yusuf,Mikail Hudu Garba,Adamu Sani,Akefe Isaac Oluwatobi,Tijjani Mohammed Bashir,Salihu Sabo Isa,Olatunji Aisha Omobolanle,Hassan Abdussalam,Daniel Nubwa,Adegoke Victoria Aderonke 한국독성학회 2021 Toxicological Research Vol.37 No.4

This study aims at investigating the protective effects of flavonoid fractions of diosmin and hesperidin in mitigating subchronic lead acetate-induced biochemical, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in adult male Wistar rats. Forty animals were randomly assigned into five groups, each consisting of eight animals. Group I animals was treated with deionised water only, group II, IV, and V were administered lead acetate 90 mg/Kg body weight (1/20th of the LD50), groups III, and IV was administered Daflon (100 mg/Kg), while group V was administered Daflon (200 mg/Kg), 30 min prior treatment with lead acetate. All treatments lasted for 42 days. Blood lead levels, electrolyte parameters, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and histopathology of vital organs, were evaluated following standard practice. Sub-chronic lead acetate exposure induced a decrease in levels of serum electrolytes, and activities of antioxidant enzymes, while blood lead levels, ZPP, and malondialdehyde levels were increased. Lead exposure also instigated marked variation in histopathology of vital organs. Conversely, co-treatment with graded doses of daflon improved the levels of blood lead, electrolytes, ZPP, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and histopathology of vital organs. Data obtained from the current study indicate that rats exposed to sub-chronic doses of lead acetate show increased blood lead levels, electrolyte imbalance, alongside impairment in ZPP levels, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and histopathology, while pretreatment using daflon mitigated the ensued perturbations. This, therefore, suggests that consumption of foods enriched with flavonoid fractions of diosmin and hesperidin may be beneficial for individuals inhabiting lead-polluted environments.

The Structure and Texture of English Translations of Yorùbá and Igbo Proverbs

Mufutau Temitayo Lamidi 세종대학교 언어연구소 2008 Journal of Universal Language Vol.9 No.1

Every culture has its rules of interaction and interpretation, and each also has rules for proverb construction and usage. As a literary genre, proverbs in Yorùbá and Igbo do possess some features that identify them in their areas of usage. These we explore in this paper with particular emphasis on the structure and the texture that proverbs share in the two languages. With data collected from literary works and scholarly publications of Yorùbá and Igbo scholars, this study reveals that proverbs in the two languages have identical structure and texture with few optional items on both sides. This study concludes that proverbs probably have universal structures and textures as found in the two cultures.

The Structure and Texture of English Translations of Yoruba and Igbo Proverbs

Mufutau Temitayo Lamidi 세종대학교 언어연구소 2008 Journal of Universal Language Vol.9 No.1

Antidiabetic Potentials of Essential Oil Extracted from the Leaves of Hoslundia opposita Vahl.

Jubril Olayinka Akolade,Lamidi Ajao Usman,Omoaruemike Ebele Okereke,Nasir Olarewaju Muhammad 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.10

This study was aimed at assessing the potential of essential oil from the leaf of Hoslundia opposita in the treatment of diabetes. Forty-eight rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomized into two groups; nondiabetic and diabetic groups, each with four subgroups. Animals in the diabetic group were induced with diabetes using a single dose of alloxan monohydrate, 160 mg/kg body weight (b. wt.). The rats were treated with 110 and 220 mg/kg b. wt. of the essential oil. All treatments were administered, intraperitoneally, once a day for 4 days. In the nondiabetic condition, there was no effect of the oil on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in rats. In diabetic rats, the oil caused a significant reduction in FBG levels. Treatment with 110 mg/kg b. wt. of the oil reduced FBG almost to the normoglycemic level by day 4 and the overall glucose excursion during a 3-h intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test approached the baseline level at 120 min. Also, hepatic glycogen was significantly higher, while the glucose concentrations were lower in the diabetic-treated group when compared with the diabetic untreated group. Histological examinations revealed a mildly distorted architecture of the pancreatic islets b-cells of diabetic rats treated with the oil, while those of the untreated rats were severely degenerated. Overall, the in vivo antihyperglycemic activity of the essential oil may prove to be of clinical importance in the management of type 2 diabetes.

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Seven Gabonese Medicinal Plants against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella

Brice W Obiang-Obounou,강옥화,최장기,Joon-Ho Keum,김성배,Yong-Sik, Kim,문수현,Mi-Sun Choi,Lamidi Maroufath,권동렬 한국생약학회 2011 Natural Product Sciences Vol.17 No.1

The plant species reported here are used by traditional healers in Gabon for different ailments such as wounds, malaria, fever, gonorrhea or diarrhea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of 7 plants (Strombosiopsis tetrandra, Tetraberlinia bifoliolata, Dichapetalum barbatum, Guibourtia demeusii, Dacryodes normandii, Manniophytum fulvum, Paropsia grewoides) against different strains of both Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Salmonella. Disc diffusion was first used to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of the plants' ethanolic extracts. Then the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the crude extracts of either leaves or stem barks of the 7 plants were determined using broth micro-dilution. The ethanolic plant extracts showed very good activity against both MRSA and Salmonella strains where the MICs ranged from 250 mg/ml to 1000 mg/ml. The study shows that many of the tested plants used by Gabonese traditional healers have antimicrobial activities and give support to their traditional use.

Relationships between Milk Yield, Post-Partum Body Weight and Reproductive Performance in Friesian × Bunaji Cattle

Oni, O.O.,Adeyinka, I.A.,Afolayan, R.A.,Nwagu, B.I.,Malau-Aduli, A.E.O.,Alawa, C.B.I.,Lamidi, O.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.11

The data consisted of 369 lactation records for calvings over a sixteen-year period (1972-1987) and included only cows that had normal milk records. The data were analysed using a linear model containing the fixed effects of parity, year of calving and season of calving. The least squares means${\pm}$S.E. were $1,273{\pm}58.4kg$ for milk yield, and for post-partum body weight (kg) at 2, 3 and 4 months after calving were $343.40{\pm}3.96$, $346.10{\pm}4.10$ and $352.54{\pm}4.26$, respectively. With the exception of season of calving, the effects of parity and year of calving were significant (p<0.01) on the performance of the animals. Thus, the mean-milk yields 1162, 1351 and 1350, were similar for pre-, peak- and post rainy seasons, respectively. On the other hand, as parity increased from 1 to 3, milk yield also increased, but thereafter, there was a gradual decline in milk yield. Similarly, post-partum body weight also increased with parity. However, no consistent pattern for year effect was observed which probably was a reflection of the variation in climatic conditions, or forage quality and/or availability. The phenotypic correlations between milk yield and post-partum body weights were negative and small (ranging from -0.01 to -0.08). However, high milk production in cows was associated with longer calving interval. The implications from the phenotypic correlations are suggestive of one or two possibilities. Firstly, selection for increased body weight may actually result in decreased milk yield. Also, a substantial genetic antagonism may exist between milk yield and fertility in the crossbred cows. Therefore, it is important that selection to improve milk production should take into consideration the reproductive performance of the cows.