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TERT promoter mutations and long-term survival in patients with thyroid cancer
Kim, Tae Hyuk,Kim, Young-Eun,Ahn, Soomin,Kim, Ji-Youn,Ki, Chang-Seok,Oh, Young Lyun,Kim, Kyunga,Yun, Jae Won,Park, Woong-Yang,Choe, Jun-Ho,Kim, Jung-Han,Kim, Jee Soo,Kim, Sun Wook,Chung, Jae Hoon Bioscientifica 2016 Endocrine-related cancer Vol.23 No.10
<P><I>TERT</I> promoter mutations are emerging prognostic biomarkers in multiple cancers and are found in highly aggressive thyroid cancer. Our aim is to investigate the prognostic value of these mutations for the outcome of thyroid cancer-related mortality in a large cohort of thyroid cancer patients. This was a retrospective study of 409 patients (393 with differentiated thyroid cancer) with a median age of 44 years (range 16-81 years) and median follow-up of 13 years (interquartile range 11-16 years). Analyses of associations between mutational status and various clinicopathological variables were performed. <I>TERT</I> promoter mutations were identified in 32 (9.8%) papillary, 11 (16.7%) follicular and seven (43.8%) poorly differentiated/anaplastic thyroid cancer patients. The presence of <I>TERT</I> promoter mutations was associated with factors such as increased age (<I>P</I> < 0.001), extrathyroidal invasion (<I>P</I> = 0.01), increased stage at diagnosis (<I>P</I> < 0.001) and dedifferentiated histological type (<I>P</I> = 0.001). A <I>TERT</I> promoter mutation was independently associated with poorer overall survival in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (10-year survival rate, 66.2% vs 98.3% for wild type; adjusted HR, 7.18; 95% CI: 2.77-18.59) and in patients with papillary cancer (74.2% vs 99.3%; 14.20; 3.03-66.68). Concomitant <I>TERT</I> and <I>BRAF</I> mutations worsened the survival rate of patients with papillary cancer (82.6% vs 99.4% for exclusively <I>BRAF</I> mutation alone; 5.62; 1.85-17.09). In conclusion, the presence of <I>TERT</I> promoter mutations is independently associated with increased mortality in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. The results suggest that inclusion of <I>TERT</I> promoter mutation analysis with conventional clinicopathological evaluation can lead to better prognostication and management for individual patients.</P>
Detection of Differentially Expressed Gene Sets in a Partially Paired Microarray Data Set
Lim, Johan,Kim, Jayoun,Kim, Sang-cheol,Yu, Donghyeon,Kim, Kyunga,Kim, Byung Soo Walter de Gruyter GmbH 2012 Statistical applications in genetics and molecular Vol.11 No.3
<P>Partially paired data sets often occur in microarray experiments (Kim et al., 2005; Liu, Liang and Jang, 2006). Discussions of testing with partially paired data are found in the literature (Lin and Stivers 1974; Ekbohm, 1976; Bhoj, 1978). Bhoj (1978) initially proposed a test statistic that uses a convex combination of paired and unpaired t statistics. Kim et al. (2005) later proposed the t3 statistic, which is a linear combination of paired and unpaired t statistics, and then used it to detect differentially expressed (DE) genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) cDNA microarray data. In this paper, we extend Kim et al.'s t3 statistic to the Hotelling's T2 type statistic Tp for detecting DE gene sets of size p. We employ Efron's empirical null principle to incorporate inter-gene correlation in the estimation of the false discovery rate. Then, the proposed Tp statistic is applied to Kim et al's CRC data to detect the DE gene sets of sizes p=2 and p=3. Our results show that for small p, particularly for p=2 and marginally for p=3, the proposed Tp statistic compliments the univariate procedure by detecting additional DE genes that were undetected in the univariate test procedure. We also conduct a simulation study to demonstrate that Efron's empirical null principle is robust to the departure from the normal assumption.</P>
Kyungae Kim,MiRan Bang 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Aim(s): It is important to prevent the increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide by efficiently managing its controllable risk factors. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the 4-year estimated incidence of DM by gender and provide basic data for a gender-specific strategic approach to lifestyle modification. Method(s): In this study, we carried out a secondary data analysis using raw data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2016–2018). The KNHANES is a descriptive correlational survey designed to examine gender differences in the factors associated with the 4-year estimated incidence of DM. This study included 9,614 Korean adults (4,134 men and 5,480 women) aged 40-69 years without a diagnosis of DM. For statistical analysis, complex sample analysis was performed for gender comparison using χ2-test or one-way analysis of variance; multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the gender-specific influencing variables of 4-year estimated DM incidence. Result(s): The waist-to-height ratio, an indicator of central obesity in adults, had the strongest association with the 4-year estimated incidence of DM in both groups (M: β=0.33, p≤0.001; F: β=0.38, p≤0.001). The influencing variables were monthly drinking rate (β=0.07, p≤0.001) and sleep time (β=-0.03, p<0.05) in men, and sedentary time in women (β=0.03, p<0.05). The overall explanatory power of these variables was 11.3% for men and 14.3% for women. Thus, significant gender differences were found in the 4-year estimated incidence of DM. Conclusion(s): Therefore, intervention programs need to be gender-specific to enhance the efficacy of the interventions in reducing the incidence of DM, and such intervention programs should be administered with a strategic approach differentiated by gender.
Functional Implication of β-Carotene Hydroxylases in Soybean Nodulation
Kim, Yun-Kyoung,Kim, Sunghan,Um, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Kyunga,Choi, Sun-Kang,Um, Byung-Hun,Kang, Suk-Woo,Kim, Jee-Woong,Takaichi, Shinichi,Song, Seok-Bo,Lee, Choon-Hwan,Kim, Ho-Seung,Kim, Ki Woo,Nam, Kyoung He American Society of Plant Biologists 2013 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - Vol.162 No.3
<P><I>Carotenoids are essential for nodule development in soybean.</I></P>