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Kwang Seop Kim,Sook-Jin Kim,Ki Do Park,Choon-Woo Lee,Jin-Hee Ryu,Jong-Seo Choi,Weon-Tai Jeon,Hang-Won Kang,Min-Tae Kim 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.47 No.3
Assessment of sustainable production on a cropland can help to determine the most proper management practices. In this study, we evaluated the sustainable production on paddy field treated with green manure crops using sustainability index which based on nutrient index, microbiological index, and crop index related to nutrient-supplying capacity. Especially choosing appropriate indicators from a minimum data set (MDS) were used the principal components analysis (SI-2) as well as expert opinion (SI-1) usually used in sustainability index. Six treatments including the two tillage treatments and two green manure crops were investigated as follows; (i) moldrotary + rotary tillage without green manure crop (Con), with (ii) hairy vetch (Con-HV), and (iii) hairy vetch + green barely (Con-HV+GB), (iv) rotary tillage without green manure crop (Rot), with (ii) hairy vetch (Rot-HV), and (iii) hairy vetch + green barly (Rot-HV+GB). Con-HV and Rot-HV in SI-1 were maintained sustainability while Rot-HV and Rot-HV+GB in SI-2. Especially, treatments (Con and Rot) without green manure crops were more unsustainable than with green manure crops because of the low value of microbiological and crop index than with green manure crops. Meanwhile, sustainability indices and grain yield had the high correlation values (R²=0.756 and 0.928 in SI-1 and SI-2, respectively). These results meant that application of green manure crops such as hairy vetch could improve both yield and soil quality in paddy.
Hydroxyl Groups in Demineralized Bone Matrix
Seo, Seog Jin,Song, Seok Beom,Chae, Ji Hwa,Kim, Jin Young,Ahn, Jae Hyoung,Kim, Tae Woon,Hwang, Ho Chan,Kim, Jin,Lee, Kwang Won,Kang, Nak Heon,Cho, Chong Su,Kang, Ke Won Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Key Engineering Materials Vol.342-343 No.-
<P>Human demineralized bone matrix (DBM) containing bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) is naturally biocompatible and can be remodeled by patients’ own bone. The major shortcoming of many of the currently used DBM gel formulations is that they have a tendency to flow, particularly if there is continuous bleeding at the application site. In this study, the physicochemical properties of human DBM were examined to improve the efficiency of DBM formulations. DBM remarkably showed higher water absorption than nondemineralized bone powder after 150 min. Hydroxyl groups in DBM appeared in fourier transform infrared analysis, although hydroxyl band in nondemineralized bone powder was not observed. The results suggested that hydrogels such as CMC, hyaluronic acid, or poloxamer as carriers can be applied for injectable DBM products, such as gel or putty types.</P>
Azathioprine Induce Hyperbilirubinemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Hospital Based Cohort Study
( Kwang Il Seo ),( Won Moon ),( Seun Ja Park ),( Moon In Park ),( Sang Uk Lee ),( Byung Chul Yun ),( Byung Hoon Han ),( Eun Taek Park ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Intestinal mucosal injury is supposed to cause liver disease. Abnormal liver function tests are frequently observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we investigated the hepatic biochemistry changes in IBD. Methods: IBD patients who were newly diagnosed and followed up with the results of hepatic biochemistries at the both time points of diagnosis (before IBD treatment) and then 2 year later (after IBD treatment) were enrolled. The biochemical profile including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were analysed. Results: One hundred forty-six (77 patients of crohn’s diseas and 69 ulcerative colitis) patients were able to confirm the liver function test at second year after first diagnosis. HBsAg positivity was found in 9 (6.2%) patients and anti-HCV antibody in 1 (0.7%). Radiologic diagnosis of fatty liver was found in 15 (10.2%) patients and gallbladder stone in 10 (6.8%). Within first year, 85 (58.2%) patients started azathioprine (AZA) treatment. At diagnosis, 45 (30.8%) patient revealed abnormal hepatic biochemistry. AST was elevated than upper limit of normal (ULN) in 9 (6.2%) patients, ALT in 11 (7.5%), TB in 14 (9.5%), DB in 16 (11%), ALP in 21 (14.6%) and GGT in 15 (10.3%). At 2 year later, 59 (40.4%) patients showed abnormal hepatic biochemistry. TB was elevated significantly compared to baseline (P< 0.001) and absolute elevation of TB ( >0.5mg/ dL) was related with AZA (P=0.006). In AZA group, hyperbilirubinemia (>1.2mg/dL) was found in 6 (7.1%) patients at initial diagnosis, but 19 (22.4%) patient at 2 year later. In this group, absolute TB elevation was found in 63 (64.1%) patients. Eighteen (21.2%) patients were normal at diagnosis, experienced newly developed hyperbilirubinemia after AZA treatment. Conclusions: Abnormal liver function tests were observed in nearly one-third of IBD patients at diagnosis. Azathioprine elevated TB level significantly in inflammatory bowel disease.
Abuse Potential of Synthetic Cannabinoids: AM-1248, CB-13, and PB-22
( Kwang-hyun Hur ),( Shi-xun Ma ),( Bo-ram Lee ),( Yong-hyun Ko ),( Jee-yeon Seo ),( Hye Won Ryu ),( Hye Jin Kim ),( Seolmin Yoon ),( Yong-sup Lee ),( Seok-yong Lee ),( Choon-gon Jang ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.4
Currently, the expanding recreational use of synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs) threatens public health. SCBs produce psychoactive effects similar to those of tetrahydrocannabinol, the main component of cannabis, and additionally induce unexpected pharmacological side effects. SCBs are falsely advertised as legal and safe, but in reality, SCB abuse has been reported to cause acute intoxication and addictive disorders. However, because of the lack of scientific evidence to elucidate their dangerous pharmacological effects, SCBs are weakly regulated and continue to circulate in illegal drug markets. In the present study, the intravenous self-administration (IVSA) paradigm was used to evaluate the abuse potential of three SCBs (AM-1248, CB-13, and PB-22) in rats. All three SCBs maintained IVSA with a large number of infusions and active lever presses, demonstrating their reinforcing effects. The increase of active lever presses was particularly significant during the early IVSA sessions, indicating the reinforcementenhancing effects of the SCBs (AM-1248 and CB-13). The number of inactive lever presses was significantly higher in the SCB groups (AM-1248 and CB-13) than that in the vehicle group, indicating their impulsive effects. In summary, these results demonstrated that SCBs have distinct pharmacological properties and abuse potential.
( Kwang Hyun Chung ),( Won Kim ),( Byeong Gwan Kim ),( Ho Young Lee ),( Eunhyo Jin ),( Yuri Cho ),( Ji Yeon Seo ),( Hwi Young Kim ),( Yong Jin Jung ),( Ji Won Kim ),( Ji Bong Jeong ),( Kook Lae Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.5
Background/Aims: Quantification of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is an emerging serologic test and may be useful for identifying treatment strategies for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to evaluate HBsAg titers during the natural course of CHB and identify correlations between HBsAg titers and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA concentrations across different CHB phases measured using an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). Methods: CHB phases were defined on the basis of HBV DNA concentrations, the presence of hepatitis B e antigen/antibody (HBeAg/Ab) and serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Serum HBsAg titers and paired HBV DNA concentrations in the different phases of CHB were compared using 627 serum samples. Results: Mean HBsAg titers were significantly higher in the immunotolerant (IT) phase and immunoreactive (IR) HBeAg-positive phase than in the low-replicative (LR) and HBeAg-negative CHB (ENH) states. The correlation between HBsAg titers and HBV DNA concentrations was modest in the IT (n=36, r=0.804, p<0.001) and IR (n=48, r=0.773, p<0.001) phases, and it was poor in the LR state (n=116, r=0.289, p=0.002); however, no significant correlation was observed in the ENH state (n=67, r=0.146, p=0.237) or in the oral nucleos(t)ide analogue-treated group (n=267). Conclusions: HBsAg quantification using IRMA might be useful for discriminating different CHB phases and different stages of chronic liver disease. (Gut Liver 2015;9:657-664)
Kwang Il Seo,Si Hyun Bae,Pil Soo Sung,Chung-Hwa Park,Hae Lim Lee,Hee Yeon Kim,Hye Ji Kim,Bo Hyun Jang,Jeong Won Jang,Seung Kew Yoon,Jong Young Choi,In-Yang Park,Juyoung Lee,Hyun Seung Lee,Sa-Jin Kim,J 대한간학회 2018 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.24 No.4
Background/Aims: There have been numerous efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with antiviral agents during pregnancy. However, there are limited data regarding the outcomes of pregnant women after delivery. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral agents in preventing MTCT of HBV and maternal long-term outcomes. Methods: The HBV-infected pregnant women treated with antiviral agents to prevent MTCT were retrospectively reviewed. Forty-one pregnant women who received telbivudine or tenofovir during late pregnancy (28-34 week) were analyzed. Hepatitis B virus surface antibody (HBsAb) positivity was tested in 43 infants after 7 months of birth. Eleven mothers were followed >1 year after delivery. Results: The mean HBV DNA titer before antiviral therapy was 8.67 (6.60–9.49) log copies/mL, and the median age at delivery was 32 years (range, 22–40). Eleven patients were treated with tenofovir and 30 with telbivudine. The median duration was 57 days (range, 23–100), and the median HBV DNA titer at birth was 5.06 log copies/mL (range, 2.06–6.50). Antiviral treatments were associated with significant HBV DNA reduction (P<0.001). Among 43 infants (two cases of twins), HBsAb was not detected in two, subsequently confirmed to have HBV infection. Biochemical flare was observed in two of 11 mothers followed >12 months, and an antiviral agent was administered. Conclusions: Antiviral treatment during late pregnancy effectively reduced MTCT. Long-term follow-up should be required in such cases. In addition, given that maternal biochemical flare occurred in 18% of mothers, re-administration of antiviral agents might be required.
Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from poultry in Korea
Kwang Won Seo,Young Ju Lee 한국예방수의학회 2018 예방수의학회지 Vol.42 No.3
Poultry play an important role in meeting the protein demand through the supply of chicken meat and eggs, and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria can be transmitted from poultry to humans through the food chain. In this study, 716 E. coli isolates were collected from poultry industry in Korea during the period from 2016-2018. Among the cephalosporin antimicrobial, the rate of resistance to first-cephalosporins (cefazolin and cephalexin) was more than 18.0% but secondcephalosporins (cefoxitin and cefuroxime) and four-cephalosporins (cefepime) was less than 10.0%, without any differences based on the poultry. In quinolone antimicrobial, the rate of resistance to nalidixic acid was more than 46.0% in all poultry but ciprofloxacin was more than 44.0% in broiler farm and chicken meat and less than 18.0% in layer farm and egg. In addition, the rate of resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline was more than 30.0% without any differences in poultry, but the rate of resistance to amoxicillin - clavulanate, trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, imipenem and gentamicin was higher in broiler farm and chicken meat than in layer farm and egg. MDR was detected in 120 (60.6%), 113 (79.6%), 80 (37.0%), and 75 (46.9%) isolates from broiler farm, chicken meat, layer farm, and egg, respectively, with an overall prevalence of 54.2% (388/716).