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Reviews : Atypical Actions of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases
( Hitoshi Kurose ) 한국응용약물학회 2011 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.19 No.4
G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and β-arrestins have been known as regulators of G protein-coupled receptors. However, it has been recently reported that GRKs and β-arrestins mediate receptor-mediated cellular responses in a G proteinindependent manner. In this scheme, GRKs work as a mediator or a scaffold protein. Among 7 members of the GRK family (GRK1-GRK7), GRK2 is the most extensively studied in vitro and in vivo. GRK2 is involved in cellular migration, insulin signaling, and cardiovascular disease. GRK6 in concert with β-arrestin 2 mediates chemoattractant-stimulated chemotaxis of T and B lymphocytes. GRK5 shuttles between the cytosol and nucleus, and regulates the activities of transcription factors. GRK3 and GRK4 do not seem to have striking effects on cellular responses other than receptor regulation. GRK1 and GRK7 play specifi c roles in regulation of rhodopsin function. In this review, these newly discovered functions of GRKs are briefl y described.
Preliminary Study of Needle Tracking in a Microsurgical Robotic System for Automated Operations
Yusuke Kurose,Young Min Baek,Yuya Kamei,Shinichi Tanaka,Kanako Harada,Shigeo Sora,Akio Morita,Naohiko Sugita,Mamoru Mitsuishi 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
Surgical needle tracking is an important element of high-level automated operations conducted by surgical robotic systems. However, conventional needle tracking algorithms lack robust performancewith different needle postures and are not applicable to the small needles used during microsurgery. This paper discusses a robust, efficient needle tracking algorithm, which is capable of estimating all of the positions and of the postures of a microsurgical needle. In the preoperative preparation stage, contour models of the microsurgical needle are generated using a 3-D CAD model and saved in a database. During the operation, the system extracts the contours of the microsurgical needle from the microscopic image using the edge and the color information. The system then calculates the likelihood of the contour models in the database bymatching the contours extracted fromthemicroscopic image. The experimental results indicated that our proposed method has high accuracy when tracking a microsurgical needle, and that it performed robustly with different needle postures.
Myofibroblasts and inflammatory cells as players of cardiac fibrosis
Hitoshi Kurose,Supachoke Mangmool 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.8
On myocardial infarction, many cells are injuredor died owing to arterial occlusion. Intracellular moleculesreleased from injured or dead cells initiate inflammatoryresponses that play important roles in cardiac remodelingincluding fibrosis. Fibrosis is an excess accumulation ofextracellular collagen. Currently, drugs used to treat cardiacfibrosis are not commercially available. Myofibroblastsare responsible for the production and secretion ofcollagen. Infiltrating inflammatory cells interact withfibroblasts or other cells and promote myofibroblast formation. Inflammatory cells also modulate the activities ofmyofibroblasts. Regulation of collagen production is criticalfor modulating the progression of fibrosis. Hence, themanipulation of activities of inflammatory cells andmyofibroblasts will provide promising therapeutic targetsfor treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
韓·日地方工業都市의 成長過程과 都市計劃比較 : 北九州市와 蔚山市의 事例를 中心으로 Case of Ulsan and Kitakyushu
黑瀨重幸,金晟坤,金南珏,管原辰幸,萩島哲,金哲洙,朴鐘澈,大貝彰,佐藤誠治 계명대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.13 No.2
The purpose of this study is find out the some characteristics the urban growth/planning of provincial industrial cities in Korea and Japan. For the comperative research, selected the Kitakyushu and Ulsan, analyzed the urban development process and the trend of zoning, especially, emphasized on the eliciting common denominator and differentia.
Low-Power 12-bit 160-MS/s Pipeline A/D Converters
Mai Nozawa,Daisuke Kurose,Takeshi Ueno,Tetsuro Itakura 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
Low-power 12-bit 160-MS/s pipeline A/D converters are designed for wireless receivers. Instead of using ultra-deep submicron devices of low supply voltage, we employ analog-option devices that operate at supply voltage of 2.5V in a 90-㎚ CMOS process. To achieve lower power dissipation, an I/Q amplifier sharing technique is employed. Furthermore, charge transfer level shifters are proposed in S/H circuits and MDACs for realizing class-AB operation. The area is 1.1㎟, the simulated power dissipation is 75㎽/channel and the simulated ENOB is 11.15bit.
Yaeko Fukushima,Satoshi Kurose,Hiromi Shinno,Ha Cao Thu,Nana Takao,Hiromi Tsutsumi,Yutaka Kimura 대한당뇨병학회 2016 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.40 No.2
Background: It has recently been suggested that skeletal muscle has an important role in insulin resistance in obesity, in addition to exercise tolerance and the fat index. The aim of this study was to identify body composition factors that contribute to improvement of insulin resistance in female patients with obesity who reduce body weight. Methods: We studied 92 female obese patients (age 40.9±10.4 years, body mass index 33.2±4.6 kg/m²) who reduced body weight by ≥5% after an intervention program including diet, exercise therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Before and after the intervention, body composition was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to examine changes in skeletal muscle mass. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was measured as an index of insulin resistance. Cardiopulmonary exercise was also performed by all patients. Results: There were significant improvements in body weight (–10.3%±4.5%), exercise tolerance (anaerobic threshold oxygen uptake 9.1%±18.4%, peak oxygen uptake 11.0%±14.2%), and HOMA-IR (–20.2%±38.3%). Regarding body composition, there were significant decreases in total body fat (–19.3%±9.6%), total fat-free mass (–2.7%±4.3%), and % body fat (–10.1%±7.5%), whereas % skeletal muscle significantly increased (8.9%±7.2%). In stepwise multiple linear regression analysis with change in HOMA-IR as the dependent variable, the change in % skeletal muscle was identified as an independent predictor (β=–0.280, R2=0.068, P<0.01). Conclusion: Improvement of insulin resistance in female obese patients requires maintenance of skeletal muscle mass.
Effects of Body Weight Reduction on Serum Irisin and Metabolic Parameters in Obese Subjects
Yaeko Fukushima,Satoshi Kurose,Hiromi Shinno,Ha Cao Thi Thu,Nana Takao,Hiromi Tsutsumi,Takaaki Hasegawa,Toshiaki Nakajima,Yutaka Kimura 대한당뇨병학회 2016 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.40 No.5
Background: Irisin is a myokine implicated in lipid and glucose metabolism. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of a body weight reduction on the serum irisin level and physical indicators in obese Japanese patients without diabetes. Methods: The subjects were 22 patients (male/female, 5/17; age, 46.1±16.0 years; body mass index [BMI], 36.9±5.0 kg/m²) who completed a 6-month body weight reduction program at our clinic. The program included diet, exercise therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Blood parameters, body composition, exercise tolerance, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum irisin were determined before and after intervention, and relationships among changes in these data were examined. Results: There were significant decreases in body weight and BMI after the intervention. Irisin before the intervention was significantly positively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.434, P<0.05). The mean irisin level showed no significant change after the intervention in all participants. However, improvements in % body fat, subcutaneous fat area, triglycerides, and fasting glucose were significantly greater in patients with an increase in irisin compared to those with a decrease in irisin after the intervention. Patients with an increase in irisin also had significantly lower fasting insulin (9.7±4.8 vs. 16.4±8.2, P<0.05) and HOMA-IR (2.2±1.1 vs. 3.7±1.6, P<0.05) after the intervention, compared to patients with a decrease in irisin. Conclusion: Body weight reduction did not alter irisin levels. However, irisin may play important roles in fat and glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, and the effects of body weight reduction on irisin kinetics may be a key for obesity treatment.