Evaluation of operational characteristics of vertical type incinerator

( Kohei Yamanaka ),( In-hee Hwang ),( Takayuki Matsuo ),( Yasumasa Tojo ),( Toshihiko Matsuto ),( Yuji Yamada ),( Ryoji Sameshima ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2017 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2017 No.1

Vertical type incinerator is one of unique incinerators. Wastes are fed at the hopper of upper side of reactor and slowly flow the bottom where the bottom ash is withdrawn. Combustion air less than theoretical one is injected through the bottom of furnace. In their downward movement, the wastes undergo the following process such as drying, pyrolysis, and combustion. Combustible gas that is generated in pyrolysis zone and moves to upward which is burned efficiently in the combustion chamber by supplying sufficient secondary combustion air. As advantages of vertical type incinerator, there are high responsiveness to diverse wastes, high combustion efficiency, and less generation of exhaust gas compared with a conventional stoker type incinerator. However, the utilization record of the vertical type incinerator is few, so there is not enough information to evaluate its operation performance from the engineering point of view. In this work, it aimed at elucidating the material and energy balance, combustion stability, and environmental safety for operating two vertical type incinerators. Annual discharge amounts of exhaust gas and ash, consumption amounts of fuel and electric power, and utilization amounts of chemicals such as slaked lime and activated carbon of per ton of waste were determined based on annual reports obtained from two facilities in Nagayo (54t/d) and Ito (42t/d) respectively. These values were compared with statistical data obtained from questionnaire survey on conventional incinerators performed in 2012 and 2015. For confirmation of combustion characteristics of waste in furnace, vertical distributions of gas concentration and total carbon in the waste layer were measured. To evaluate whether the waste incineration is done stable or not, continuous monitoring data of carbon monoxide concentration in flue gas was obtained. Moreover, bottom ashes were sampled for three days to measure ignition loss. On the other hand, daily average concentrations of harmful substances in exhaust gas such as NOx, SOx, CO, HCl, DXN at stack was also obtained. In the evaluation of discharge of exhaust gas and ash, consumption of fuel and electric power, and chemicals utilization, the surveyed two vertical incinerators showed above-average operational performance compared to conventional incinerators. From the variation of gas concentrations such as H₂, CO, CO₂, hydrocarbons in furnace, the vertical distribution of dry, pyrolysis, and char combustion zone was confirmed from the top to bottom of waste layer. Though it was found that 1 h moving average concentration of CO instantaneously sometimes exceeded 100 ppm in flue gas, its frequency was lower than that of conventional stoker type incinerator. However, there were relatively high Pb leaching samples in the leaching test of Pb and Cd of bottom ash. It is necessary to investigate whether it is the influence of the combustion characteristics of the vertical type incinerator.

Clinical utility of CA-125 in the management of uterine carcinosarcoma

Koji Matsuo,Malcolm S. Ross,Mayu Yunokawa,Marian S. Johnson,Hiroko Machida,Kohei Omatsu,Merieme M. Klobocista,Dwight D. Im,Shinya Satoh,Tsukasa Baba,Yuji Ikeda,Stephen H. Bush,Kosei Hasegawa,Erin A. B 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.6

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Adaptive Backstepping Control of Wheeled Inverted Pendulum with Velocity Estimator

Yuji Maruki,Kohei Kawano,Haruo Suemitsu,Takami Matsuo 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2014 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.12 No.5

In this paper, we introduce a backstepping control design of a wheeled inverted pendulum. Based on a second-order motion equation of the body angle, an adaptive integral backstepping controller is designed to stabilize the body angle. It is shown that the σ-modification rule in the adaptive update law guarantees the boundedness of the errors in estimating the time-varying signal that is an output of a linear system with every bounded input signal. Then, the stabilizing controller for the wheel angle is constructed by a PD-type positive feedback. The derived controller requires the full-state measurements. In the output feedback case, the K filter or the observer backstepping is needed. How-ever, the structure of the controller becomes complicated. We propose a non-model-based differentiator based on the adaptive update law. Since the non-model-based differentiator does not require any knowledge of the dynamic structure of the signal, we can use it as a velocity estimator for unknown nonlinear systems. Therefore, we replaced the velocity measurement with the estimates by the non-model-based differentiator. Finally, simulation results for the proposed controller are presented.

The study of the electronic structure at CuPc on graphite/4H-SiC(0001) surface by metastable atom induced electron spectroscopy

Shohei UESUGI,Kohei MATSUO,Kyosei UMEDA,Kousuke MURAOKA,Junko ISHII,Shin-Ichiro KUROKI,Masamichi NAITOH,Tomonori IKARI 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

The Prognosis and Recurrence Pattern of Right- and Left-Sided Colon Cancer in Stage II, Stage III, and Liver Metastasis After Curative Resection

Yasuyuki Nakamura,Daisuke Hokuto,Fumikazu Koyama,Yasuko Matsuo,Takeo Nomi,Takahiro Yoshikawa,Naoki Kamitani,Tomomi Sadamitsu,Takeshi Takei,Yayoi Matsumoto,Yosuke Iwasa,Kohei Fukuoka,Shinsaku Obara,Tak 대한대장항문학회 2021 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: Primary tumor location of colon cancer has been reported to affect the prognosis after curative resection. However, some reports suggested the impact was varied by tumor stage. This study analyzed the prognostic impact of the sidedness of colon cancer in stages II, III, and liver metastasis after curative resection using propensity-matched analysis.Methods: Right-sided colon cancer was defined as a tumor located from cecum to splenic flexure, while any more distal colon cancer was defined as left-sided colon cancer. Patients who underwent curative resection at Nara Medical University hospital between 2000 and 2016 were analyzed.Results: There were 110 patients with stage II, 100 patients with stage III, and 106 patients with liver metastasis. After propensity matching, 28 pairs with stage II and 32 pairs with stage III were identified. In the patients with stage II, overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were not significantly different for right- and left-sided colon cancers. In the patients with stage III, OS and RFS were significantly worse in right-sided colon cancer. In those with liver metastasis, OS of right-sided colon cancer was significantly worse than left-sided disease, while RFS was similar. Regarding metachronous liver metastasis, the difference was observed only in the patients whose primary colon cancer was stage III. In each stage, significantly higher rate of peritoneal recurrence was found in those with right-sided colon cancer.Conclusion: Sidedness of colon cancer had a significant and varied prognostic impact in patients with stage II, III, and liver metastasis after curative resection.

Clinical Characteristics, Surgical Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Emergency Surgery in Patients With Spinal Metastases: A Prospective Cohort Study

Yutaro Kanda,Kenichiro Kakutani,Yoshitada Sakai,Takashi Yurube,Yoshiki Takeoka,Kunihiko Miyazaki,Hiroki Ohnishi,Tomoya Matsuo,Masao Ryu,Naotoshi Kumagai,Kohei Kuroshima,Yoshiaki Hiranaka,Ryosuke Kurod 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.1

Objective: To elucidate the patient characteristics and outcomes of emergency surgery for spinal metastases and identify risk factors for emergency surgery. Methods: We prospectively analyzed 216 patients with spinal metastases who underwent palliative surgery from 2015 to 2020. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, Barthel index, EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ5D), and neurological function were assessed at surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for emergency surgery. Results: In total, 146 patients underwent nonemergency surgery and 70 patients underwent emergency surgery within 48 hours of diagnosis of a surgical indication. After propensity score matching, we compared 61 patients each who underwent nonemergency and emergency surgery. Regardless of matching, the median performance status and the mean Barthel index and EQ5D score showed a tendency toward worse outcomes in the emergency than nonemergency group both preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively, although the surgery greatly improved these values in both groups. The median survival time tended to be shorter in the emergency than nonemergency group. The multivariate analysis showed that lesions located at T3–10 (p = 0.002; odds ratio [OR], 2.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–5.75) and Frankel grades A–C (p < 0.001; OR, 4.91; 95% CI, 2.45–9.86) were independent risk factors for emergency surgery. Conclusion: Among patients with spinal metastases, preoperative and postoperative subjective health values and postoperative survival are poorer in emergency than nonemergency surgery. Close attention to patients with T3–10 metastases is required to avoid poor outcomes after emergency surgery.

The Utility and Feasibility of Smart Glasses in Spine Surgery: Minimizing Radiation Exposure During Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Insertion

Yoshiaki Hiranaka,Yoshiki Takeoka,Takashi Yurube,Takeru Tsujimoto,Yutaro Kanda,Kunihiko Miyazaki,Hiroki Ohnishi,Tomoya Matsuo,Masao Ryu,Naotoshi Kumagai,Kohei Kuroshima,Ryosuke Kuroda,Kenichiro Kakuta 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.2

Objective: Spine surgeons are often at risk of radiation exposure due to intraoperative fluoroscopy, leading to health concerns such as carcinogenesis. This is due to the increasing use of percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) in spinal surgeries, resulting from the widespread adoption of minimally invasive spine stabilization. This study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of smart glasses (SG) in PPS insertion under fluoroscopy. Methods: SG were used as an alternative screen for fluoroscopic images. Operators A (2-year experience in spine surgery) and B (9-year experience) inserted the PPS into the bilateral L1–5 pedicles of the lumbar model bone under fluoroscopic guidance, repeating this procedure twice with and without SG (groups SG and N-SG, respectively). Each vertebral body’s insertion time, radiation dose, and radiation exposure time were measured, and the deviation in screw trajectories was evaluated. Results: The groups SG and N-SG showed no significant difference in insertion time for the overall procedure and each operator. However, group SG had a significantly shorter radiation exposure time than group N-SG for the overall procedure (109.1 ± 43.5 seconds vs. 150.9 ± 38.7 seconds; p = 0.003) and operator A (100.0 ± 29.0 seconds vs. 157.9 ± 42.8 seconds; p = 0.003). The radiation dose was also significantly lower in group SG than in group N-SG for the overall procedure (1.3 ± 0.6 mGy vs. 1.7 ± 0.5 mGy; p = 0.023) and operator A (1.2 ± 0.4 mGy vs. 1.8 ± 0.5 mGy; p = 0.013). The 2 groups showed no significant difference in screw deviation. Conclusion: The application of SG in fluoroscopic imaging for PPS insertion holds potential as a useful method for reducing radiation exposure.