엑시머레이저 굴절교정각막절제술이 각막내피세포의 밀도와 형태에 미치는 영향

이가영(Kayoung Yi),위원량(Won Ryang Wee),이명희(Myung Hee Lee),장진호(Jin Ho Chang),이진학(Jin Hak Lee) 대한안과학회 1998 대한안과학회지 Vol.39 No.1

Association of Heart Rate Variability with the Framingham Risk Score in Healthy Adults

Yoo, Cheol Seung,Lee, Kayoung,Yi, Sang Hoon,Kim, Jun-Su,Kim, Hee-Cheol The Korean Academy of Family Medicine 2011 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.32 No.6

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV), the Framingham risk score (FRS), and the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) development among Korean adults.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The subjects were 85 healthy Korean adults recruited from a health check-up center. The FRS and 10-year risk of CHD development were calculated.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The FRS in men was inversely correlated with the standard deviation of all normal to normal RR-intervals (SDNN); the root mean square successive difference (RMSSD); the percentage of successive normal cardiac inter-beat intervals greater than 20 ms, 30 ms, and 50 ms (pNN20, pNN30, pNN50); the low frequency (LF); and the high frequency (HF) (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between the FRS and HRV in women. Overall, in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the RMSSD, HF, SDNN, LF, LF/HF ratio, and pNN30 predicted an increased 10-year CHD risk. After adjusting for sex and body mass index, those with greater than one standard deviation in the RMSSD, HF, and LF had a 52-59% reduction in their 10-year risk of CHD development ≥ 10%.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>This study therefore indicates that the HRV indices, particularly SDNN, RMSSD, pNN30, LF, and HF may be useful parameters for the assessment of CHD risk. Most notably, the usefulness of these HRV measures as indicators for CHD risk evaluation may be greater among men than among women.</P>

Layer-specific cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of rat visual cortex

Kwang-Hyun Cho,Seul-Yi Lee,Kayoung Joo,Duck-Joo Rhie 대한약리학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.5

It is known that top-down associative inputs terminate on distal apical dendrites in layer 1 while bottom-up sensory inputs terminate on perisomatic dendrites of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons (L2/3 PyNs) in primary sensory cortex. Since studies on synaptic transmission in layer 1 are sparse, we investigated the basic properties and cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission in layer 1 and compared them to those in perisomatic dendrites of L2/3 PyNs of rat primary visual cortex. Using extracellular stimulations of layer 1 and layer 4, we evoked excitatory postsynaptic current/potential in synapses in distal apical dendrites (L1-EPSC/L1EPSP) and those in perisomatic dendrites (L4-EPSC/L4-EPSP), respectively. Kinetics of L1-EPSC was slower than that of L4-EPSC. L1-EPSC showed presynaptic depression while L4-EPSC was facilitating. In contrast, inhibitory postsynaptic currents showed similar paired-pulse ratio between layer 1 and layer 4 stimulations with depression only at 100 Hz. Cholinergic stimulation induced presynaptic depression by activating muscarinic receptors in excitatory and inhibitory synapses to similar extents in both inputs. However, nicotinic stimulation enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission by ~20% in L4-EPSC. Rectification index of AMPA receptors and AMPA/NMDA ratio were similar between synapses in distal apical and perisomatic dendrites. These results provide basic properties and cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission between distal apical and perisomatic dendrites in L2/3 PyNs of the visual cortex, which might be important for controlling information processing balance depending on attentional state.

Performance Comparison of Korean Dialect Classification Models Based on Acoustic Features

Young Kook Kim(김영국),Myung Ho Kim(김명호) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2021 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.26 No.10

말소리의 음향 특징을 이용하여 화자에 대한 중요한 사회, 언어학적 정보를 얻을 수 있는데 그 중 한 가지 핵심 특징은 방언이다. 화자의 방언 사용은 컴퓨터와의 상호작용을 방해하는 주요 요소이다. 방언은 발화의 음소, 음절, 단어, 문장 및 구와 같이 다양한 수준에서 구분할 수 있지만 이를 하나하나 식별하여 방언을 구분하기는 어렵다. 이에 본 논문에서는 음성 데이터의 특성 중 MFCC만 사용하는 경량화된 한국어 방언 분류 모델을 제안한다. 한국인 대화 음성 데이터를 통해 MFCC 특징을 활용하는 최적의 방법을 연구하고, 8가지 머신 러닝 및 딥러닝 분류 모델에서 경기/서울, 강원, 충청, 전라, 경상 5개의 한국어 방언 분류 성능을 비교한다. MFCC를 정규화하는 방법으로 대부분의 분류 모델에서 성능을 향상시켰으며, MFCC를 정규화하기 전 분류 모델의 최고 성능과 비교하여 정확도는 1.07%, F1-score는 2.04% 향상된 성능을 기록하였다. Using the acoustic features of speech, important social and linguistic information about the speaker can be obtained, and one of the key features is the dialect. A speaker"s use of a dialect is a major barrier to interaction with a computer. Dialects can be distinguished at various levels such as phonemes, syllables, words, phrases, and sentences, but it is difficult to distinguish dialects by identifying them one by one. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a lightweight Korean dialect classification model using only MFCC among the features of speech data. We study the optimal method to utilize MFCC features through Korean conversational voice data, and compare the classification performance of five Korean dialects in Gyeonggi/Seoul, Gangwon, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang in eight machine learning and deep learning classification models. The performance of most classification models was improved by normalizing the MFCC, and the accuracy was improved by 1.07% and F1-score by 2.04% compared to the best performance of the classification model before normalizing the MFCC.

굴절교정수술로 유발된 부등시와 양안시기능의 상관관계

배소현,이가영,김희영,최동규,So Hyun Bae,Kayoung Yi,Hee Young Kim,Dong Gyu Choi 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.12

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of induced anisometropia by refractive surgery on binocular vision and to determine the usefulness of screening tools. Case summary: Anisometropia was induced in 7 patients by photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Binocular vision was determined with the Titmus stereo test, Worth 4-dot test, 4 prism diopter base-out test and Bagolini striated lens test. Each test was performed before surgery, after PRK of one eye and after PRK of both eyes. After PRK of one eye, mean stereopsis by the Titmus stereo test was 1877.14 seconds of arc and after surgery of both eyes, 40 seconds of arc. After surgery of one eye, 6 patients (86.7%) showed suppression with the Worth 4 dot test at distance fixation and one patient (14.3%) at near fixation. After surgery of both eyes, all patients showed fusion with the Worth 4 dot test. After surgery of one eye, 3 patients (42.9%) showed suppression with the 4 prism diopter base-out test and after surgery of both eyes, 2 of the patients showed fusion. All patients showed fusion with the Bagolini striated lens test after surgery of one or both eyes. Conclusions: Most cases showed decreased binocular vision by the Titmus stereo test at near fixation and the Worth 4 dot test at distance fixation. The changes of binocular vision determined by each tool were variable. Therefore, improved results in evaluating binocular vision will be obtained with a combination of various tools including the Bagolini striated lens test and 4 prism base-out test.

자세에 따른 리바운드 안압계의 안압측정치 비교

김혜진,이가영.Hae Jin Kim. MD. Kayoung Yi. MD. PhD 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.7

<b>Purpose:</b> To evaluate changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) according to position using a portable rebound tonometer. <b>Methods:</b> We measured the IOP values of 20 healthy volunteers (40 eyes) in the sitting, supine, right lateral decubitus and left decubitus positions with a portable rebound tonometer, and then analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. IOP in sitting position was also measured with a non-contact tonometer and a Goldmann applanation tonometer, and analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation analysis. Agreement among the 3 tonometers was calculated using the Bland-Altman method. <b>Results:</b> The IOP measured with rebound tonometer in the supine position was significantly higher than in the sitting position (<em>p</em> = 0.002). However, there was no significant difference in IOP between the supine and decubitus positions. In the decubitus position, there was no significant difference in IOP between the dependent and non-dependent eyes. IOP measurement using the rebound tonometer showed positive correlation with that of the noncontact and Goldmann applanation tonometers. <b>Conclusions:</b> In normal subjects, IOP measurement obtained with a rebound tonometer in the supine position was significantly higher than in the sitting position, but there was no significant difference in IOP between the supine and decubitus positions. A rebound tonometer may be useful for patients whose intraocular pressure measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometer or non-contact tonometer is impossible. When using a portable rebound tonometer in bed-ridden or pediatric patients, we should pay attention to the interpretation of IOP in the supine position. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(7):1049-1055

Computer Densitometry 에 의한 망막신경섬유층사진의 분석

김동명(Dong Myung Kim),이가영(Kayoung Yi),강경복(Kyung Bok Kang) 대한안과학회 1998 대한안과학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Secondary Pigment Dispersion Syndrome after Uneventful Implantation of Single-piece AcrySof Intraocular Lenses

Joonhee Cho,Hee Young Kim,Kayoung Yi 대한검안학회 2010 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.9 No.1

Purpose: To report 2 cases of secondary pigment dispersion syndrome in Asian population after uneventful phacoemulsification with in-the-bag implantation of AcrySof SA60AT single-piece intraocular lenses (Alcon Laboratories). Methods: Two cases of secondary pigment dispersion syndrome after uneventful cataract surgery. Results: In case 1, a 66-year-old man presented with hyperpigmentation of trabecular meshwork, iris transillumination defect and increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) postoperatively. He was treated with antiglaucoma medication. In case 2, a 56-year-old woman also developed pigment dispersion syndrome without elevated IOP after cataract surgery. Conclusions: When faced with persistent existence of cells in the anterior chamber or elevated IOP after cataract surgery with in-the-bag implantation of AcrySof single piece IOL, PDS is among the possible causes.

Layer-specific cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of rat visual cortex

Cho, Kwang-Hyun,Lee, Seul-Yi,Joo, Kayoung,Rhie, Duck-Joo The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.5

It is known that top-down associative inputs terminate on distal apical dendrites in layer 1 while bottom-up sensory inputs terminate on perisomatic dendrites of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons (L2/3 PyNs) in primary sensory cortex. Since studies on synaptic transmission in layer 1 are sparse, we investigated the basic properties and cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission in layer 1 and compared them to those in perisomatic dendrites of L2/3 PyNs of rat primary visual cortex. Using extracellular stimulations of layer 1 and layer 4, we evoked excitatory postsynaptic current/potential in synapses in distal apical dendrites (L1-EPSC/L1-EPSP) and those in perisomatic dendrites (L4-EPSC/L4-EPSP), respectively. Kinetics of L1-EPSC was slower than that of L4-EPSC. L1-EPSC showed presynaptic depression while L4-EPSC was facilitating. In contrast, inhibitory postsynaptic currents showed similar paired-pulse ratio between layer 1 and layer 4 stimulations with depression only at 100 Hz. Cholinergic stimulation induced presynaptic depression by activating muscarinic receptors in excitatory and inhibitory synapses to similar extents in both inputs. However, nicotinic stimulation enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission by ~20% in L4-EPSC. Rectification index of AMPA receptors and AMPA/NMDA ratio were similar between synapses in distal apical and perisomatic dendrites. These results provide basic properties and cholinergic modulation of synaptic transmission between distal apical and perisomatic dendrites in L2/3 PyNs of the visual cortex, which might be important for controlling information processing balance depending on attentional state.

인공수정체 종류에 따른 저간섭성 반사계의 도수 공식 정확성 비교

최진주(Jin Ju Choi),김하경(Ha Kyoung Kim),이가영(Kayoung Yi) 대한안과학회 2021 대한안과학회지 Vol.62 No.3

목적: 백내장수술 시 삽입한 인공수정체 종류에 따라 인공수정체도수 공식 간의 굴절력 예측 정확성을 비교해보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2017년 1월부터 2019년 12월까지 수정체유화술 및 후방인공수정체삽입술을 받은 332명의 445안을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 안축장은 저간섭성 반사계(Lenstar LS900??; Haag-streit;Bern;Switzerland)를 이용하여 측정하였고;백내장수술 시 인공수정체는 ALCON?? SN60WF (1-piece acrylic IOL;215안);TECNIS?? ZCB00 (1-piece acrylic IOL;139안);MBI?? SAL302AC (1-piece acrylic IOL;91안)을 삽입하였다. SRK-2;SRK-T;Hoffer Q;Holladay;Olsen;Barrett 공식에 의해 계산된 예측굴절값과 수술 1-2주 뒤에 실제 측정된 굴절값의 실체오차와 절대오차를 계산하여 분석하였다. 결과: 백내장수술 시 ALCON?? SN60WF을 삽입한 경우 Hagis 공식이 가장 적게 근시화되는 경향을 보였고;절대오차는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 수술 시 TECNIS?? ZCB00를 삽입한 경우는 Olsen 공식이 가장 적게 근시화되는 경향을 보였으며;Barrett 공식이 가장 작은 절대오차를 보였다. 수술 시 MBI?? SAL302AC를 삽입한 경우는 도수 산출 공식 서로 간에 실제오차와 절대오차 모두 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 백내장수술 시 인공수정체 종류에 따라 도수 산출 공식의 술 후 굴절력 예측의 정확성은 차이를 보였다. Purpose: We compared the accuracies of formulae used to calculate intraocular lens (IOL) powers when predicting postoperative refraction;by the type of lens. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 445 eyes (332 patients) that had undergone phacoemulsification and posterior chamber lens implantation between January 2017 and December 2019. Axial length was measured via optical low-coherence reflectometry (Lenstar LS900; Haag-Streit;Bern;Switzerland). The IOLs implanted were all one-piece acrylic IOLs;thus;the ALCON SN60WF (215 eyes);the TECNIS ZCB00 (139 eyes);and the MBI SAL302AC (91 eyes). The mean absolute errors (MAEs) and mean numerical errors (MNEs) were calculated using the SRK-2;SRK/T;Hoffer Q;Holladay;Olsen;and Barrett formulae 1-2 weeks after surgery. Results: For the ALCON SN60WF;the Hagis formula yielded the lowest power and thus tended to be myopic;but we found no significant difference in the MAE. For the TECNIS ZCB00;the Olsen formula yielded the lowest power and thus tended to be myopic;and the Barrett formula yielded the lowest MAE. For the MBI SAL302AC;all MAEs and MNEs were similar. Conclusions: Depending on the IOL type;the IOL power calculation formulae differed in terms of predicting postoperative refraction.