Scientific Appreciation of Groundwater in the Hydrologic Cycle : Some Experimental Results Concerning Rapid Water Table Response to Surface Phenomena

Kayane Isamu 한국수자원학회 1989 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.22 No.3

A review is made of transient phenomena ralation to flow in the vadose zone. Reviewed topics include rapid water table response to rainfall, pulsating flow due to pressure perturbations in the vasoes zone, and the wave-like propagation of increased soil m

Expression levels of filaggrin-2 in relation to drip loss in pigs

Kayan Autchara,Koomkrong Nunyarat 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.4

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression level of filaggrin-2 (FLG2) in correlation with drip loss.Methods: The muscle samples were randomly taken from a local meat supplier. Samples were taken from Longissimus lumborum muscles to evaluate the drip loss (n = 100). Five muscles per group (low and high drip loss) were selected to evaluate FLG2 mRNA and protein expression levels.Results: mRNA of FLG2 gene was not significantly different in pigs with different levels of drip loss (p>0.05). Statistical analysis revealed that FLG2 protein expression levels were significantly different between the drip loss groups. Western blot revealed that the high drip loss group had higher FLG2 protein expression level than the low drip loss group (p<0.001). Moreover, immunohistochemistry revealed the high signal intensity was on the muscle cell membrane and cytoplasm.Conclusion: FLG2 protein might play roles in drip loss of pork and will provide the basis for information to improving meat quality traits in pigs. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression level of filaggrin-2 (FLG2) in correlation with drip loss. Methods: The muscle samples were randomly taken from a local meat supplier. Samples were taken from Longissimus lumborum muscles to evaluate the drip loss (n = 100). Five muscles per group (low and high drip loss) were selected to evaluate FLG2 mRNA and protein expression levels. Results: mRNA of FLG2 gene was not significantly different in pigs with different levels of drip loss (p>0.05). Statistical analysis revealed that FLG2 protein expression levels were significantly different between the drip loss groups. Western blot revealed that the high drip loss group had higher FLG2 protein expression level than the low drip loss group (p<0.001). Moreover, immunohistochemistry revealed the high signal intensity was on the muscle cell membrane and cytoplasm. Conclusion: FLG2 protein might play roles in drip loss of pork and will provide the basis for information to improving meat quality traits in pigs.

Scientific Appreciation of Groundwater in the Hydrologic Cycle. - Some Experimental Results Concerning Rapid Water Table Response to Surface Phenomena.

Kayane, Isamu Korea Water Resources Association 1989 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.22 No.3

A review is made of transient phenomena ralation to flow in the vadose zone. Reviewed topics include rapid water table response to rainfall, pulsating flow due to pressure perturbations in the vasoes zone, and the wave-like propagation of increased soil moisture caused by intermittent rainfall. As a basis of interpreting these phenomena, zoning of the vadose zone into a residual water zone, an unsaturated capillaty zone, and a saturated capillary zone are proposed. Possible implications with respect to hydrological processes relating to these phenomena are discussed.

The Politics of Religious Pluralism in Indonesia: The Shi'a Response to the Sampang Incidents of 2011–12

Ken Miichi,Yuka Kayane 서강대학교 동아연구소 2020 TRaNS(Trans –Regional and –National Studies of Sou Vol.8 No.1

An increasing number of reports and studies on offenses against religious minorities has been published in Indonesia since the country's democratic transition in 1998. While the literature on intolerance unveils the young democracy's institutional problems which have undermined and eroded minority rights, such as direct elections and the lack of judicial independence, it leaves many critical questions to address. Although the number of victims of religious intolerance increased, in the same institutional settings, a large number of religious minorities has managed to prevent escalating violence and avoid being targeted by intolerant groups. Under what circumstances and how do minorities deter attacks in a time of heightened tension against them under a democratic system that has afforded them little protection? This article sheds light on the case of the Shi'a who suffered a series of attacks in Sampang, Madura in the East Java province, but have since gradually developed resilience. A series of attacks in Sampang in 2011–12 was one of the most destructive events against religious minorities in Indonesia. Examining the Sampang incidents, this article argues that if the religious minority can develop a cohesive network with elements of the majority capable of mobilising state power, it would build a safety net preventing attacks by intolerant groups. Thus, this article aims to develop our understanding of how religious minorities address violence caused by hostile socio-political forces and adapt to Indonesia's democracy.

Influence of freeze-thawed cycles on pork quality

Tippala, Tiprawee,Koomkrong, Nunyarat,Kayan, Autchara Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.8

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of freeze-thawed cycles (Fresh meat, F-T 1 cycle and F-T 2 cycles) on the quality characteristics of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle. Methods: A total of 20 three-crossbred pigs (Duroc×[Large White×Landrace]) were randomly obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse in Thailand. Muscle samples were immediately taken from 10 to 11th of the longissimus dorsi for histochemical analysis. The muscles were cut into 2.54 cm-thick chops. A minimum of 20 chops were used for each treatment (fresh meat, freeze-thawed 1 and 2 cycles). Individually chops were packaged in polyethylene bags and frozen at -20℃ for 6 months followed by thawing in refrigerator at 4℃ for 24 h (the 1st freeze-thawed cycle). The freeze-thawed procedure was repeated for two cycles (the 2nd freeze-thawed cycle). Thawing loss, shear force value, citrate synthase activity and muscle fiber characteristics were determined on the muscles. Results: Results showed that increasing of freeze-thawed cycle increased the thawing loss (p<0.01) and citrate synthase activity (p<0.001). Shear force value of fresh meat was higher than freeze-thawed 1 and 2 cycles (F-T 1 cycle and F-T 2 cycles). Freeze-thawed cycles affected muscle characteristics. Muscle fiber area and muscle fiber diameter decreased with an increasing number of freeze-thawed cycles (p<0.001), while the thickness of endomysium and perimysium were increased (p<0.001). Conclusion: Repeated freeze-thawed cycles degraded muscle fiber structure and deteriorated pork quality.

Blood haematology, muscle pH and serum cortisol changes in pigs with different levels of drip loss

Nunyarat Koomkrong,Chaiwat Boonkaewwan,Watchara Laenoi,Autchara Kayan 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.12

Objective: An experiment was conducted to study the blood haematology, muscle pH, and serum cortisol changes in pigs with different levels of drip loss. Methods: Two groups (low and high) of 20 animals were selected from 100 pigs based on drip loss. All [Duroc× (Large White×Landrace)] pigs were slaughtered according to standard slaughtering procedures. At exsanguinations, blood samples were taken for the haematological parameters and serum cortisol analysis. The muscle samples were taken from longissimus dorsi muscle to evaluate the muscle pH and drip loss. Results: Haematological parameters of low drip loss group showed higher content of white blood cells and monocytes than high drip loss group (p<0.05). The low drip loss group had higher muscle pH at 45 min (p<0.05) and 24 h (p<0.001) post-mortem than the high drip loss group. However, there was no significant difference in serum cortisol levels (p>0.05). Conclusion: Drip loss is mainly affected by the muscle pH decline after slaughter and also might be affected by white blood cells and monocytes.

A novel method for high-frequency transgenic shoot regeneration via Agrobacterium tumefaciens in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Beyaz, Ramazan,Darcin, E. Selcen,Aycan, Murat,Kayan, Mustafa,Yildiz, Mustafa The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2016 식물생명공학회지 Vol.43 No.2

In this study, routinely used transformation method, which includes transferring explants onto co-cultivation medium after inoculating them with bacterial solution for a while, was compared with 3 different inoculation methods. In every 3 methods, hypocotyl explants excised from 7-day-old sterile flax seedlings having cotyledon leaves and no root system dried under air flow in sterile cabin for 35 min were inoculated with different volumes of bacterial solution at different inoculation periods. GV2260 line of Agrobacterium tumefaciens having 'pBIN 19' plasmid containing npt II (neomycin phosphotransferase II) gene and GUS reporter gene was used in transformation studies. After inoculation, hypocotyl segments of seedlings (0.5 cm in length) - were excised and left to co-cultivation for 2 days. Then, explants were transferred to regeneration medium supplemented with different antibiotics. The presence of npt-II and GUS genes in transformants was confirmed by PCR and GUS analysis. The highest results in all characters examined in all cultivars were obtained from the 2 inoculation method in which hypocotyls excised from seedlings inoculated with $500{\mu}l$ of bacterial solution after drying in sterile cabin for 35 min were used.

Ultrasonic assisted photocatalytic process for degradation of ciprofloxacin using TiO2-Pd nanocomposite immobilized on pumice stone

Parisa Yekan Motlagh,Sema Akay,Berkant Kayan,Alireza Khataee 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-

Herein, Pumice (PM)-TiO2-Pd nanocomposite as an efficient catalyst was prepared by modified sol-gelmethod and used for sonophotocatalytic removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP). Various analyses were used toinvestigate the properties of the catalysts. Based on the SEM results, the TiO2 and Pd nanoparticles onthe PM surface were immobilized regularly without aggregation. Also, the crystalline structure and functionalgroups of PM-TiO2-Pd nanocomposite were identified successfully by XRD and FTIR analyses. Thebandgap energy of 2.52, 3.17, and 3.29 eV were calculated for PM-TiO2-Pd, PM-TiO2, and PM indicatinghigher sonophotocatalytic activity of PM-TiO2-Pd nanocomposite. 79.44 % of CIP was removed within120 min of treatment time using in the optimum condition ([PM-TiO2-Pd] = 0.5 g/L, [CIP]0 = 20 mg/Land pH = 6). By adding radical scavengers like EDTA, CrO3, formic acid, and enhancers like K2S2O8 andH2O2 the degradation efficiency was as follows respectively: 37.72, 31.71, 28.29, 88.78, and 72.43%. The reusability and stability of the composite after four consecutive runs was decreased only 9.44%. Also, 8 intermediate byproducts generated under sonophotocatalytic degradation of CIP by PM-TiO2-Pdnanocomposite were identified.

A novel method for high-frequency transgenic shoot regeneration via Agrobacterium tumefaciens in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Ramazan Beyaz,E. Selcen Darçın,Murat Aycan,Mustafa Kayan,Mustafa Yıldız 한국식물생명공학회 2016 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.43 No.2

In this study, routinely used transformation method, which includes transferring explants onto co-cultivation medium after inoculating them with bacterial solution for a while, was compared with 3 different inoculation methods. In every 3 methods, hypocotyl explants excised from 7-day-old sterile flax seedlings having cotyledon leaves and no root system dried under air flow in sterile cabin for 35 min were inoculated with different volumes of bacterial solution at different inoculation periods. GV2260 line of Agrobacterium tumefaciens having ‘pBIN 19’ plasmid containing npt II (neomycin phosphotransferase II) gene and GUS reporter gene was used in transformation studies. After inoculation, hypocotyl segments of seedlings (0.5 cm in length) - were excised and left to co-cultivation for 2 days. Then, explants were transferred to regeneration medium supplemented with different antibiotics. The presence of npt-II and GUS genes in transformants was confirmed by PCR and GUS analysis. The highest results in all characters examined in all cultivars were obtained from the 2 inoculation method in which hypocotyls excised from seedlings inoculated with 500 μl of bacterial solution after drying in sterile cabin for 35 min were used.

Sonocatalytic degradation of fluoroquinolone compounds of levofloxacin using titanium and zirconium oxides nanostructures supported on paper sludge/wheat husk-derived biochar

Parisa Yekan Motlagh,Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani,Zoha Pesaran,Sema Akay,Berkant Kayan,Yeojoon Yoon,Alireza Khataee 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-

The present study aimed at treating a water medium containing pharmaceutical compounds such aslevofloxacin (LEV). For this purpose, ultrasound (US)-based degradation of LEV was catalyzed by TiO2and ZrO2 nano-catalysts supported on biochar (BC). BC was obtained from a precursor composite of papersludge and wheat husk. The application of BC-ZrO2 led to a degradation efficiency of 54.65% within60 min. When BC-TiO2 was used, a lower degradation efficiency of 49.62% was obtained at the same reactiontime. However, increasing the time to 120 min improved the sonocatalytic degradation of LEV by BCTiO2(72.88%) compared to that of BC-ZrO2 (66.42%). In the presence of H2O2 and S2O8 2, the LEV degradationefficiency of US/BC-TiO2 increased from 72.88% to 87.98% and 94.03%, respectively, and for theUS/BC-ZrO2 process, it increased from 66.42% to 76.79% and 90.14%, respectively. The addition of isopropanolcaused the most suppressive effect on the sonocatalytic degradation of LEV for both US/BCTiO2(decreasing from 72.88% to 13.99%) and US/BC-ZrO2 (decreasing from 66.42% to 16.43%) processes. The reusability test results showed an approximately 20% reduction in the sono-reactor performancewithin three consecutive experimental runs with no substantial change in the functional groups of theas-prepared sonocatalyst. Intermediates of LEV decomposed by the two sonocatalytic processes were alsoidentified.