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Childhood Sexual Abuse and Cortical Thinning in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder
Jinyi Kim(Jinyi Kim),Chanju Lee(Chanju Lee),Youbin Kang(Youbin Kang),Wooyoung Kang(Wooyoung Kang),Aram Kim(Aram Kim),Woo-Suk Tae(Woo-Suk Tae),Byung-Joo Ham(Byung-Joo Ham),Jisoon Chang(Jisoon Chang),Ky 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.3
Objective A growing body of evidence reports on the effect of different types of childhood abuse on the structural and functional architecture of the brain. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the differences in cortical thickness according to specific types of childhood abuse between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HCs). Methods A total of 61 patients with MDD and 98 HCs were included in this study. All participants underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and the occurrence of childhood abuse was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. We investigated the association between whole-brain cortical thickness and exposure to any type of childhood abuse and specific type of childhood abuse in the total sample using the FreeSurfer software. Results No significant difference was reported in the cortical thickness between the MDD and HC groups nor between the “any abuse” and “no abuse” groups. Compared to no exposure to childhood sexual abuse (CSA), exposure to CSA was significantly associated with cortical thinning in the left rostral middle frontal gyrus (p=0.00020), left (p=0.00240), right fusiform gyri (p=0.00599), and right supramarginal gyrus (p=0.00679). Conclusion Exposure to CSA may lead to cortical thinning of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is deeply involved in emotion regulation, to a greater extent than other types of childhood abuse.
Kang, Seung-Ho,Shin, Wooyoung The Korean Statistical Society 2015 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.22 No.6
A three-arm parallel design has been proposed to assess the biosimilarity between a biological product and a reference product using relative distance (Kang and Chow, 2013). The three-arm parallel design consists of two arms for the reference product and one arm for the biosimilar product. This paper extended the three-arm parallel design to a (k + 1)-arm parallel design composed of k (${\geq}3$) arms for the reference product and one arm for the biosimilar product. A new relative distance was defined based on Euclidean distance; consequently, a corresponding test procedure was developed based on asymptotic distribution. Type I error rates and powers were investigated both theoretically and empirically.
Reduction of Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Single Bi‐Te Core/Shell Nanowires with Rough Interface
Kang, Joohoon,Roh, Jong Wook,Shim, Wooyoung,Ham, Jinhee,Noh, Jin‐,Seo,Lee, Wooyoung WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Materials Vol.23 No.30
<P><B>The role of the interface roughness of Bi‐Te core/shell nanowires is reported in reducing lattice thermal conductivity</B>, which are prepared by on‐film formation of nanowire (OFF‐ON) that is capable of growing high‐quality single‐crystalline Bi nanowires, and by the subsequent sputtering of Te onto the Bi nanowires. The rough interface Bi‐Te core/shell nanowires exhibit lower thermal conductivities than that of smooth interface counterparts, while electrical conductivities for these two types of nanowires are similar. We propose that the rough interface plays a pivotal role in suppressing phonon transport, which in turn, reduces thermal conductivity significantly. </P>
Kang Youbin,김아람,Kang Wooyoung,Han Kyu-Man,함병주 한국뇌신경과학회 2022 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.31 No.5
Alexithymia is characterized by impairments in the processing of emotions. Although the disruptions in the white matter (WM) integrity in Major depressive disorder (MDD) has frequently been reported, the underlying relationship with alexithymia remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated WM tracts with Tracts Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy approach to discover potential associations between alexithymia and WM integrity to identify the neural basis of impaired emotional self-awareness in MDD. 101 patients with MDD and 99 healthy sex- and age-matched individuals underwent diffusion-weighted imaging. All participants were assessed with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). TAS scores were significantly higher in MDD patients than in controls. Patients with MDD exhibited significantly lower FA values in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and it also showed negative associations with TAS. These results contribute to the neurobiological evidence on the association between MDD and alexithymia. Additionally, they suggest that reduced white matter integrity in the regions constitutes a principal pathophysiology underlying impaired emotional recognition and description in MDD.
Micropatterned Pyramidal Ionic Gels for Sensing Broad-Range Pressures with High Sensitivity
Cho, Sung Hwan,Lee, Seung Won,Yu, Seunggun,Kim, Hyeohn,Chang, Sooho,Kang, Donyoung,Hwang, Ihn,Kang, Han Sol,Jeong, Beomjin,Kim, Eui Hyuk,Cho, Suk Man,Kim, Kang Lib,Lee, Hyungsuk,Shim, Wooyoung,Park, C American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.11
<P>The development of pressure sensors that are effective over a broad range of pressures is crucial for the future development of electronic skin applicable to the detection of a wide pressure range from acoustic wave to dynamic human motion. Here, we present flexible capacitive pressure sensors that incorporate micropatterned pyramidal ionic gels to enable ultrasensitive pressure detection. Our devices show superior pressure-sensing performance, with a broad sensing range from a few pascals up to 50 kPa, with fast response times of <20 ms and a low operating voltage of 0.25 V. Since high-dielectric-constant ionic gels were employed as constituent sensing materials, an unprecedented sensitivity of 41 KPa-1 in the low-pressure regime of <400 Pa could be realized in the context of a metal insulator metal platform. This broad-range capacitive pressure sensor allows for the efficient detection of pressure from a variety of sources, including sound waves, a lightweight object, jugular venous pulses, radial artery pulses, and human finger touch. This platform offers a simple, robust approach to low-cost, scalable device design, enabling practical applications of electronic skin.</P>
Morphologic Alterations in Amygdala Subregions of Adult Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Lee, Hyun-Jae,Han, Kyu-Man,Kim, Aram,Kang, Wooyoung,Kang, Youbin,Kang, June,Won, Eunsoo,Tae, Woo-Suk,Ham, Byung-Joo The Korean Society of Biological Psychiatry 2019 생물정신의학 Vol.26 No.1
Objectives Previous studies have revealed inconsistent results on amygdala volume in adult bipolar disorder (BD) patients compared to healthy controls (HC). Since the amygdala encompasses multiple subregions, the subtle volume changes in each amygdala nucleus might have not been fully reflected in the measure of the total amygdala volume, causing discrepant results. Thus, we aimed to investigate volume changes in each amygdala subregion and their association with subtypes of BD, lithium use and clinical status of BD. Methods Fifty-five BD patients and 55 HC underwent T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging. We analyzed volumes of the whole amygdala and each amygdala subregion, including the anterior amygdaloid area, cortico-amygdaloid transition area, basal, lateral, accessory basal, central, cortical, medial and paralaminar nuclei using the atlas in the FreeSurfer. The volume difference was analyzed using a one-way analysis of covariance with individual volumes as dependent variables, and age, sex, and total intracranial volume as covariates. Results The volumes of whole right amygdala and subregions including basal nucleus, accessory basal nucleus, anterior amygdaloid area, and cortico-amygdaloid transition area in the right amygdala of BD patients were significantly smaller for the HC group. No significant volume difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder was found after the Bonferroni correction. The trend of larger volume in medial nucleus with lithium treatment was not significant after the Bonferroni correction. No significant correlation between illness duration and amygdala volume, and insignificant negative correlation were found between right central nucleus volume and depression severity. Conclusions Significant volume decrements of the whole amygdala, basal nucleus, accessory basal nucleus, anterior amygdaloid area, and cortico-amygdaloid transition area were found in the right hemisphere in adult BD patients, compared to HC group. We postulate that such volume changes are associated with altered functional activity and connectivity of amygdala nuclei in BD.
Food Source Analysis of Rattus norvegicus, a Coinhabitant of Marine Birds in South Korea
Kang, Jihyun,Cha, Hyoun-Gi,Shin, Hyun Chul,Lee, Yunkyong,No, Doory,Kim, Wooyoung,Eum, Soon Jae National Institute of Ecology 2022 국립생태원회보(PNIE) Vol.3 No.3
The Chinese crested tern (Thalasseus bersteini) is one of the most globally endangered species, listed as "Critically Endangered (CE)" on the IUCN Red List, with only approximately 30-49 individuals surviving in the wild. Chinese crested terns were discovered to breed in South Korea for the first time in 2016 while conducting a census on uninhabited islands. The Ministry of Environment has declared the breeding habitat of the Chinese crested terns as "Specified Island" to protect this CE species. However, brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) inhabiting the breeding grounds of the Chinese crested terns and Black-tailed gulls may potentially pose a threat to the breeding of these avian species. Therefore, we conducted a study on the feeding behavior of brown rats involving stable isotope analysis to determine their food sources. Fecal analysis showed that brown rats mainly fed on plants, whereas they scarcely fed on animals, such as insects. In addition, the stable isotope analysis showed that the δ<sup>13</sup>C values of brown rats, insects, and Indian goosegrasses were approximately -16 to -11‰, whereas the δ<sup>13</sup>C value of Chinese crested terns that obtained their food from the marine ecosystem was approximately -22 to -18‰. Hence, we conclude that the source of carbon for brown rats on this island is the terrestrial ecosystem. We ruled out the possibility of any direct prey-predator interaction between the brown rat and the Chinese crested tern or Black-tailed gull.
Simple two-step fabrication method of Bi <sub>2</sub> Te <sub>3 </sub> nanowires
Kang, Joohoon,Noh, Jin-Seo,Lee, Wooyoung Springer 2011 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.6 No.1
<P>Bismuth telluride (Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>) is an attractive material for both thermoelectric and topological insulator applications. Its performance is expected to be greatly improved when the material takes nanowire structures. However, it is very difficult to grow high-quality Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3 </SUB>nanowires. In this study, a simple and reliable method for the growth of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3 </SUB>nanowires is reported, which uses post-sputtering and annealing in combination with the conventional method involving on-film formation of nanowires. Transmission electron microscopy study shows that Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3 </SUB>nanowires grown by our technique are highly single-crystalline and oriented along [110] direction.</P>