Rheological studies of performance grade bitumens prepared by blending elastomeric SBS (styrene butadiene styrene) co-polymer in base bitumens

Kamal Kumar,Anand Singh,Samir K. Maity,Manoj Srivastava,Manisha Sahai,Raj K. Singh,Madhukar O. Garg 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.44 No.-

Performance of bituminous binder in terms of viscoelastic behavior can be improved by addition ofrequisite polymers. Two performance grade bituminous binder PG58 and PG64 were prepared byblending an elastomeric styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) co-polymer in 60/70 and 80/100 grade basebitumen respectively. The rheological properties of prepared bitumens have been studied by AR 1500 eXAsphalt Rheometer at minimum instrument inertia of 16.85 mNm2. Resistance to permanentdeformation or deformation resistance is also determined in terms of G0modified bitumen/G0base bitumen,G00modified bitumen/G00base bitumen and G*modified bitumen /G*base bitumen; which helps to predict the viscoelasticbehavior of bituminous binder.

Determination of Macronutrients, Micronutrients and Heavy Metals Present in Spilanthes acmella Hutch and Dalz: Possible Health Effects

Salam Bhopen Singh,Kamal Singh,Sandeep Singh Butola,Suraj Rawat,Kusum Arunachalam 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.1

The study was conducted for quantitive determination of macronutrients, micronutrients and heavy metals present in Spilanthes acmella Hutch and Dalz, a traditionally used important medicinal plant. The results illustrated the presence of substantial amounts of essential nutrient elements in different parts of the plant. K and Mg were detected in the range between 36.35 ± 1.01 to 67.78 ± 1.33 g/kg and 2.17 ± 0.13 to 7.02 ± 0.84 g/kg of DWS respectively. While the essential micronutrients Fe, Na, Mn, Zn and Cu were detected in the range between 62.62 ± 12.72 to 856.95 ± 76.61 mg/kg, 365.47 ± 23.84 to 633.03 ± 38.12 mg/kg, 51.66 ± 7.77 to 186.33 ± 13.92 mg/kg, 41.87 ± 2.85 to 53.89 ± 3.79 mg/kg and 18.49 ± 2.07 to 48.71 ± 4.89 mg/kg of DWS respectively. Besides, heavy metals (Cd, Ni and Pb) detected in some of the plant samples were beyond the maximum permissible limit (MPL) of FAO/WHO for herbal medicines. The concentrations of the essential nutrient elements except zinc were significantly different in different parts of the plant (p < 0.001). Further variation in the concentrations of the elements in the plant was observed with respect to seasonal changes and geographical conditions. Nevertheless the findings corroborate ethnomedicinal significance of the plant and signify the possibilibity of utilizing its standardized products for preparation of food supplements as well as multidimensional therapeutic herbal medicines.

Endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with three roots and seven root canals with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography

Gurudutt Nayak,Kamal Krishan Singh,Rhitu Shekhar 대한치과보존학회 2015 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.40 No.3

Variation in root canal morphology, especially in maxillary first molar presents a constant challenge for a clinician in their detection and management. This case report describes the successful root canal treatment of a three rooted right maxillary first molar presenting with three canals each in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots and one canal in the palatal root. The clinical detection of this morphologic aberration was made using a dental operating microscope, and the canal configuration was established after correlating and computing the clinical, radiographic and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan findings. CBCT images confirmed the configuration of the canals in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots to be Al-Qudah and Awawdeh type (3-2) and type (3-2-1), respectively, whereas the palatal root had a Vertucci type I canal pattern. This report reaffirms the importance of careful examination of the floor of the pulp chamber with a dental operating microscope and the use of multiangled preoperative radiographs along with advanced diagnostic aids such as CBCT in identification and successful management of aberrant canal morphologies.

Endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with three roots and seven root canals with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography

Nayak, Gurudutt,Singh, Kamal Krishan,Shekhar, Rhitu The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2015 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.40 No.3

Variation in root canal morphology, especially in maxillary first molar presents a constant challenge for a clinician in their detection and management. This case report describes the successful root canal treatment of a three rooted right maxillary first molar presenting with three canals each in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots and one canal in the palatal root. The clinical detection of this morphologic aberration was made using a dental operating microscope, and the canal configuration was established after correlating and computing the clinical, radiographic and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan findings. CBCT images confirmed the configuration of the canals in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots to be Al-Qudah and Awawdeh type (3-2) and type (3-2-1), respectively, whereas the palatal root had a Vertucci type I canal pattern. This report reaffirms the importance of careful examination of the floor of the pulp chamber with a dental operating microscope and the use of multiangled preoperative radiographs along with advanced diagnostic aids such as CBCT in identification and successful management of aberrant canal morphologies.

Density-Based Opportunistic Broadcasting Protocol for Emergency Situations in V2X Networks

Park, Hyunhee,Singh, Kamal Deep,Piamrat, Kandaraj The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2014 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.12 No.1

Vehicular-to-anything (V2X) technology is attractive for wireless vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) because it allows for opportunistic choice of a vehicular protocol between vehicular-to-vehicular (V2V) and vehicular-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. In particular, achieving seamless connectivity in a VANET with nearby network infrastructure is challenging. In this paper, we propose a density-based opportunistic broadcasting (DOB) protocol, in which opportunistic connectivity is carried out by using the nearby infrastructure and opposite vehicles for solving the problems of disconnection and long end-to-end delay times. The performance evaluation results indicate that the proposed DOB protocol outperforms the considered comparative conventional schemes, i.e., the shortest path protocol and standard mobile WiMAX, in terms of the average end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, handover latency, and number of lost packets.

Time-series analysis of open data for studying urban heat island phenomenon: a geospatial approach

Rao Priyanka,Singh Abhishek,Pandey Kamal 대한공간정보학회 2021 Spatial Information Research Vol.29 No.6

Urbanization is increasing with a faster pace in almost all the cities of India, which has somehow prompted the anthropogenic activities eventually influencing the environment in this climate change scenario. This has led to the more prominent urban heat island (UHI) effect in urban areas, significantly raising the surface temperature of urban built-up. To focus on this issue, a spatio-temporal analysis of UHI over the Jaipur site of Rajasthan has been performed using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) and MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for 16 years i.e., from 2003 to 2018 wherein NDVI has been used to analyze the status of vegetation in the urban and non-urban area w.r.t. UHI phenomenon. Study of UHI phenomenon has been done by computing the difference of mean LST between urban area and urban periphery (at a buffer distance of 2 km from urban boundary) both for day and night time. The difference of LST day time observed between urban and non-urban (buffer) is 0.06 C in May, 2003 and 0.51 C in May, 2018 whereas, difference of LST night time between urban and area surrounding to urban is 0.58 C in May, 2003 and 1.41 C in May, 2018. From the quantitative analysis of land use land cover it has been observed that there is a rapid increase of urban area from 63% in 2003 to 69% in 2018 and vegetation cover decreased from 36% in 2003 to 31% in 2018. The percentage decrease of vegetation cover from 2003 to 2018 is 5% and the percentage increase in urban area is 6% which is still continuing at an even faster rate. Data preparation tasks can be greatly minimized by using analysis ready open data available in the public domain for carrying out such studies. The approach followed in the study will assist researchers to carry out a quick spatio-temporal analysis for the identification of areas susceptible to increasing variability of LST. Also, it provides a basis to understand and manage urban stress, one of the major causes of unalterable damages to the environment.

Noise Removal Technique for Document Images

Brij Mohan Singh,Mridula,Kamal Kant Verma 한국멀티미디어학회 2023 The journal of multimedia information system Vol.10 No.1

The documents may contain noise at the time of scanning, transmission or during converting into it in digital form. The noise may be categorized after finding the features and may find the same patterns in the document image in order to obtain the accurate method for their elimination. The removal of noise from the document image is an important phase for the development of high-quality Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system. To make this possible, this paper presents a robust noise removal method for the noised natural document images. As per proposed algorithm, the connected black pixels are identified and determined the number of pixels they contained. Then from the collected data, density of the black pixels below which all the connected pixels represent noise is calculated. Those pixels having value less then calculated values are removed. The results of proposed approach were tested against Weiner, Median, and Average filters. The value of standard performance measures such as PSNR, F-measure and NRM are 22.77 dB, 82.36 and 1.09 for test image1, 22.46 dB, 96.63% and 1.409 for test image2, 22.79 dB, 96.22% and 0.7927 for test image3, 24.01 dB, 96.63% and 0.3739 for test image4, 24.64 dB, 97.7949, and .4833 for test image5. The obtained results of proposed approach are better as compare to average, Weiner and Median filters.

Glomus Tumor of Hoffa’s Fat Pad and Its Management by Arthroscopic Excision

Sharad Prabhakar,Mandeep Singh Dhillon,Rakesh Kumar Vasishtha,Kamal Bali 대한정형외과학회 2013 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.5 No.4

We present a rare case of glomus tumor of Hoffa’s fat pad in a 42-year-old woman. Magnetic resonance imaging findings along with the characteristic clinical picture led us to suspect a glomus tumor as the possible etiology. An ischemia test was found to be positive and this further substantiated our diagnosis. An arthroscopic excision was performed and the histology confirmed the diagnosis of glomus tumor of Hoffa’s fat pad. The patient responded well to the excision with immediate complete resolution of pain and she remains asymptomatic at the last follow-up after 15 months. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of glomus tumor of Hoffa’s fat pad and the first ever to be managed by simple arthroscopic excision. The tumor poses a great challenge to an orthopedic surgeon. However, knowledge of its characteristic clinical presentation and the recognition of such a rare entity can help achieve an early diagnosis and timely management.

Concurrent Channel Time Allocation for Resource Management in WPANs

Park, Hyunhee,Piamrat, Kandaraj,Singh, Kamal Deep The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2014 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.12 No.2

This paper presents a concurrent channel time allocation scheme used in the reservation period for concurrent transmissions in 60-GHz wireless personal area networks (WPANs). To this end, the proposed resource allocation scheme includes an efficient method for creating a concurrent transmission group by using a table that indicates whether individual streams experience interference from other streams or not. The coordinator device calculates the number of streams that can be concurrently transmitted with each stream and groups them together on the basis of the calculation result. Then, the coordinator device allocates resources to each group such that the streams belonging to the same group can transmit data concurrently. Therefore, when the piconet coordinator (PNC) allocates the channel time to the individual groups, it should allow for maximizing the overall capacity. The performance evaluation result demonstrates that the proposed scheme outperforms the random grouping scheme in terms of the overall capacity when the beamwidth is $30^{\circ}C$ and the radiation efficiency is 0.9.

Preparation and Characterization of Bioceramic Nanocomposites Based on Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)

Annamalai Pratheep Kumar,Kamal Khaja Mohaideen,Sameh A. S. Alariqi,Raj Pal Singh 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.12

We report the synthesis of biomimetic nanocomposites based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles via a co-precipitation method. Physico-chemical characterization was performed before and after calcination by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solid state 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The formation of nanocomposites was observed by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive Xray analysis (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The spectral and crystallographic data indicated the formation of hydroxyapatite in the presence of CMC. They were observed as aggregates of HA nanoparticles and CMC, whose sizes were approximately ~ 260 ± 40 nm. The crystallite size of the hydroxyapatite particles decreased (with 2 wt% 18 ± 3 nm) with increasing CMC content. The morphological aspects of the calcined samples revealed the sintering ability of HA nanoparticles. Nanocomposites of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles that mimic the process of nucleation and growth in nature can be prepared using biomacromolecules such as CMC.