Chitosan: A biodegradable natural polymer for controlled drug delivery systems

Kailash Chandra Gupta 한국고분자학회 2014 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.4

Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Biomedical Applications

Kailash Chandra Gupta,Adnan Haider,최유리,강인규 한국생체재료학회 2014 생체재료학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Nanofibrous scaffolds are artificial extracellular matrices which provide natural environment for tissue formation. In comparison to other forms of scaffolds, the nanofibrous scaffolds promote cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation more efficiently due to having high surface to volume ratio. Although scaffolds for tissue engineering have been fabricated by various techniques but electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds have shown great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and regeneration. This review highlights the applications and importance of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in various fields of biomedical applications ranging from drug delivery to wound healing. Attempts have also been made to highlights the advantages and disadvantages of nanofirbous scaffolds fabricated for biomedical applications using technique of electrospinning. The role of various factors controlling drug distribution in electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds is also discussed to increase the therapeutic efficiency of nanofibrous scaffolds in wound healing and drug delivery applications.

Lamination of microfibrous PLGA fabric by electrospinning a layer of collagenhydroxyapatite composite nanofibers for bone tissue engineering

권기완,Kailash Chandra Gupta,정경혜,강인규 한국생체재료학회 2017 생체재료학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Background: To mimic the muscle inspired cells adhesion through proteins secretion, the lamination of collagen–hydroxyapatite nanorod (nHA) composite nanofibers has been carried out successfully on polydopamine (PDA)-coated microfibrous polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) fabrics. The lamination of collagen-hydroxyapatite composite nanofibers on polydopamine-coated microfibrous PLGA fabrics was carried through electrospinning the solution of collagen containing L-glutamic acid-grafted hydroxyapatite nanorods (nHA-GA) at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/h and an applied voltage of 15 kV. Results: In comparison to pristine PLGA, dopamine-coated PLGA and collagen-hydroxyapatite composite nanofiber lamination has produced more wettable surfaces and surface wettability is found to higher with dopamine-coated PLGA fabrics then pristine PLGA. The SEM micrographs have clearly indicated that the lamination of polydopaminecoated PLGA fabric with collagen-hydroxyapatite composite nanofibers has shown increased adhesion of MC3T3E1 cells in comparison to pristine PLGA fabrics. Conclusion: The results of these studies have clearly demonstrated that collagen-nHA composites fibers may be used to create bioactive 3D scaffolds using PLGA as an architectural support agent.

Bolboceras darjeelicans sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae) from Darjeeling,West Bengal, India with a key to its relatives

Devanshu Gupta,Kailash Chandra 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3

Bolboceras darjeelicans sp. nov. is described and diagnosed in the nigricans species group of the genus Bolboceras Kirby, 1819 with supporting illustrations of clypeus, pronotum, left elytron, scutellum and aedeagus. The new species is compared with closely related species in the group and a key to the world species has been prepared.

Morphological Effects of HA on the Cell Compatibility of Electrospun HA/PLGA Composite Nanofiber Scaffolds

Haider, Adnan,Gupta, Kailash Chandra,Kang, Inn-Kyu Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 BioMed research international Vol.2014 No.-

<P>Tissue engineering is faced with an uphill challenge to design a platform with appropriate topography and suitable surface chemistry, which could encourage desired cellular activities and guide bone tissue regeneration. To develop such scaffolds, composite nanofiber scaffolds of nHA and sHA with PLGA were fabricated using electrospinning technique. nHA was synthesized using precipitation method, whereas sHA was purchased. The nHA and sHA were suspended in PLGA solution separately and electrospun at optimized electrospinning parameters. The composite nanofiber scaffolds were characterized by FE-SEM, EDX analysis, TEM, XRD analysis, FTIR, and X-ray photoelectron. The potential of the HA/PLGA composite nanofiber as bone scaffolds in terms of their bioactivity and biocompatibility was assessed by culturing the osteoblastic cells onto the composite nanofiber scaffolds. The results from <I>in vitro </I>studies revealed that the nHA/PLGA composite nanofiber scaffolds showed higher cellular adhesion, proliferation, and enhanced osteogenesis performance, along with increased Ca<SUP>+2</SUP> ions release compared to the sHA/PLGA composite nanofiber scaffolds and pristine PLGA nanofiber scaffold. The results show that the structural dependent property of HA might affect its potential as bone scaffold and implantable materials in regenerative medicine and clinical tissue engineering.</P>

PLGA/nHA hybrid nanofiber scaffold as a nanocargo carrier of insulin for accelerating bone tissue regeneration

Haider, Adnan,Gupta, Kailash Chandra,Kang, Inn-Kyu Springer 2014 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.9 No.1

<P>The development of tissue engineering in the field of orthopedic surgery is booming. Two fields of research in particular have emerged: approaches for tailoring the surface properties of implantable materials with osteoinductive factors as well as evaluation of the response of osteogenic cells to these fabricated implanted materials (hybrid material). In the present study, we chemically grafted insulin onto the surface of hydroxyapatite nanorods (nHA). The insulin-grafted nHAs (nHA-I) were dispersed into poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polymer solution, which was electrospun to prepare PLGA/nHA-I composite nanofiber scaffolds. The morphology of the electrospun nanofiber scaffolds was assessed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). After extensive characterization of the PLGA/nHA-I and PLGA/nHA composite nanofiber scaffolds by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the PLGA/nHA-I and PLGA/nHA (used as control) composite nanofiber scaffolds were subjected to cell studies. The results obtained from cell adhesion, alizarin red staining, and Von Kossa assay suggested that the PLGA/nHA-I composite nanofiber scaffold has enhanced osteoblastic cell growth, as more cells were proliferated and differentiated. The fact that insulin enhanced osteoblastic cell proliferation will open new possibilities for the development of artificial scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.</P>

Enhanced Tissue Compatibility of Polyetheretherketone Disks by Dopamine-Mediated Protein Immobilization

권기완,김훈,Kailash Chandra Gupta,강인규 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.2

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) disks with hydrophilic and bioactive surface properties were prepared by covalent immobilization of collagen (Col) or insulin (In) on poly-dopamine (D)-coated PEEK samples using WSC (water soluble carbodiimide) as an activating agent. The poly-dopamine on the PEEK disk was coated by carrying out self-assembled polymerization of the dopamine neurotransmitter in a basic medium at pH 8.5. The poly-dopamine coating of the PEEK surface facilitated the deposition of a uniform layer of aligned molecules of collagen, which increased the bioactivity of the PEEK surfaces allowing for adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in a minimum essential medium in the presence of 5% CO2 at 37 °C. The collagen-modified PEEK surface had higher bioactivity for MC3T3-E1 cells, compared to the self-assembled poly-dopamine coated PEEK surface or pristine PEEK alone. Alkaline phosphatase, von Kossa, and Alizarin red staining of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on a collagen-modified PEEK surface, were all found to be increased compared to staining of cells cultured on other PEEK surfaces. The self-assembled polymerization of dopamine on a PEEK surface was found to be useful for the immobilization of proteins such as collagen and insulin. Thus, collagen- and insulinimmobilized PEEK provide an opportunity to enhance the bioactivity of the PEEK samples allowing for better cells adhesion and tissue integration for potential use in tissue implants.

Diversity of Orthoptera (Insecta) fauna of Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

Sunil Kumar Gupta,Kailash Chandra 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.1

The paper presents the distributional record of the Orthoptera fauna of Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. Thirty-three species pertaining to 30 genera under five families are reported. The habitus photographs and map is provided for the first time.

Anti-IgG-anchored liquid crystal microdroplets for label free detection of IgG

Lee, Kyubae,Gupta, Kailash Chandra,Park, Soo-Young,Kang, Inn-Kyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for b Vol.4 No.4

<P>The orientational variation of 4-cyano-4′-pentyl biphenyl (5CB) molecules in LC microdroplets in response to IgG antigen (IgG) interactions has been utilized to develop a biosensor for rapid and label-free detection of IgG in biological fluids. In order to prepare a LC microdroplet-based biosensor, the anti-IgG (AIgG) anchored 4-cyano-4′-pentyl biphenyl LC microdroplets were prepared in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as a mediator and amphiphilic poly(styrene-<I>b</I>-acrylic acid) (PS-<I>b</I>-PA) as a modifier of the LC/water interface. The AIgG-anchored LC microdroplets with a size variation from 20 to 30 μm have been used successfully for the detection of IgG within a concentration range of 20 to 1000 ng mL<SUP>−1</SUP>, at a detection limit of as low as 16 ng mL<SUP>−1</SUP>, and a response time of 30 min in PBS solution at room temperature. The LC microdroplets anchored with 5 μg mL<SUP>−1</SUP> of AIgG were found to be more sensitive for the detection of IgG in the concentration range from 20 to 800 ng mL<SUP>−1</SUP> in PBS. The AIgG-anchored LC microdroplets have shown a delayed response of 90 minutes for IgG in a solution containing 10% FBS or 10% blood plasma in comparison to PBS solution. The LC microdroplets anchored with 5 μg mL<SUP>−1</SUP> (34 pmol) of AIgG have shown a recovery of 106% of IgG, a coefficient of variance of ±4% and a precision within a limit of 1-6% for a spiked sample of 25 ng mL<SUP>−1</SUP> of IgG. The results indicated that orientational response of LC microdroplets is potentially useful to develop a biosensor for <I>in vivo</I> detection of proteins or pathogens in a biological fluid.</P>

Graphene-reinforced elastomeric nanocomposites: A review

Mensah, Bismark,Gupta, Kailash Chandra,Kim, Hakhyun,Wang, Wonseok,Jeong, Kwang-Un,Nah, Changwoon Elsevier 2018 POLYMER TESTING -LONDON- Vol.68 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The development of graphene nanosheets and/or their derivatives (GSDs) has sparkled worldwide overwhelming industrial and academic research interests, due to their unique and potentially useful properties. This review is written to highlight the state of art of GSDs/elastomer nanocomposites and their applications in various fields of technologies. It begins with reviewing the recent progress made in GSDs/elastomer nanocomposites in comparison to elastomer nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes. The role of GSDs structures, functionalization, type of matrices, and content of fillers on properties of GSDs/elastomer composites has been reviewed systematically. The basic properties of various GSDs/elastomer nanocomposites including; morphology, curing behavior, mechanical properties such as Young's modulus (E), tensile strength (σ<SUB>s</SUB>) and elongation at break (E<SUB>b</SUB>), electrical percolation threshold, and thermal stability have been discussed in details. Finally, an attempt has been made to identify the critical challenges, which still need to be addressed for improving the processing of GSDs/elastomer nanocomposites and to explore their prospects for advanced applications. The article has been concluded by summarizing the key facts of GSDs that play significant role in developing GSDs/elastomer nanocomposites for technological applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This review article covers every aspect of elastomer nanocomposites based on graphenes and graphenes derivatives(GSD). </LI> <LI> Characterization of GSD structure, morphology functionalization, matrix type, and various properties of GSD/elastomer composite have been systematically reviewed. </LI> <LI> Challenges for further improving the processing of GSD/elastomeric nanocomposites and for exploring future advanced applications of elastomer nanocomposites.. </LI> </UL> </P>