Effectiveness of laser-engineered copper-nickel titanium versus superelastic nickel-titanium aligning archwires: A randomized clinical trial

Ahmed Omar Khairullah,Kadhum Ammar Salim 대한치과교정학회 2024 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of laser-engineered copper-nickel titanium (SmartArch) and superelastic nickel-titanium (SENT) archwires in aligning teeth and inducing root resorption and pain experienced by patients. Methods: Two-arm parallel groups with a 1:1 allocation ratio were used. The participants were patients aged 11.5 years and older with 5–9 mm of mandibular anterior crowding who were indicated for non-extraction treatment. The primary outcome was alignment effectiveness, assessed using Little’s irregularity index (LII) over 16 weeks with a single wire (0.016-inch) in the SmartArch group and 2 wires (0.014- and 0.018-inch) in the SENT group (8 weeks each). Secondary outcomes included root resorption evaluated by pre- and post-intervention periapical radiographs and pain levels recorded by the participants during the first week. Results: A total of 40 participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups; 33 completed the study and were analyzed (16 in the SmartArch group and 17 in the SENT group, aged 16.97 ± 4.05 years). The total LII decrease for the SmartArch and SENT groups was 5.63 mm and 5.29 mm, respectively, which was neither statistically nor clinically significant. Root resorption was not significantly different between the groups. The difference in pain levels was not statistically significant for the first 5 days following wire placement; however, there was a significant difference favoring the SENT group in the final 2 days. Conclusions: SmartArch and SENT archwires were similarly effective during the alignment phase of orthodontic treatment. Root resorption should be observed throughout the treatment with either wire. SmartArch wires demonstrated higher pain perception than SENT wires.

Microcytosis in children and adolescents with the sickle cell trait in Basra, Iraq

Rawshan Zuhair Jaber,Meàad Kadhum Hassan,Sadeq Khalaf Al-Salait 대한혈액학회 2019 Blood Research Vol.54 No.1

BackgroundMicrocytic anemia, the most common form of anemia in children and adolescents, is a heterogeneous group of diseases that is acquired or inherited. We assessed the frequency and causes of microcytosis in children and adolescents with the sickle cell trait (SCT).MethodsThis descriptive study included 95 subjects (49 males and 46 females) with SCT who at-tended Basra Center for Hereditary Blood Diseases for evaluation. Investigations in-cluded complete blood count, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary elec-trophoresis, and measurement of serum ferritin and transferrin levels.ResultsSCT subjects had a low hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (9.79±1.75 g/dL), low mean cor-puscular volume (MCV, 67.43±9.22), low mean corpuscular Hb (21.15±3.64), and a normal red cell distribution width (RDW, 14.00±2.30). Among 95 SCT subjects, 81 (85.26%) had microcytosis, 12 (12.63%) had normal MCV, and 2 (2.11%) exhibited macrocytosis. Sixty-three (77.78%) SCT subjects with microcytosis were iron deficient, and 18 (22.22%) had normal iron levels. The mean serum ferritin and HbA2 levels were significantly lower, while the RDW, sickle Hb, and serum transferrin levels were sig-nificantly higher in patients with microcytosis and iron deficiency compared to non-iron deficient subjects (P<0.05). Correlation coefficients did not reveal a significant associa-tion between the MCV and iron status of SCT subjects (P>0.05).ConclusionDespite the frequent occurrence of iron deficiency in SCT subjects, co-inheritance of al-pha-thalassemia seemed to be the cause of low MCV in non-iron deficient individuals with microcytosis. Genetic analysis is required to understand the genetic basis of this phenomenon.

Nonlinear stability of smart nonlocal magneto-electro-thermo-elastic beams with geometric imperfection and piezoelectric phase effects

Nadhim M. Faleh,Izz Kadhum Abboud,Amer Fadhel Nori 국제구조공학회 2020 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.25 No.6

In this paper, analysis of thermal post-buckling behaviors of sandwich nanobeams with two layers of multi-phase magneto-electro-thermo-elastic (METE) composites have been presented considering geometric imperfection effects. Multi-phase METE material is composed form piezoelectric and piezo-magnetic constituents for which the material properties can be controlled based on the percentages of the constituents. Nonlinear governing equations of sandwich nanobeam are derived based on nonlocal elasticity theory together with classic thin beam model and an analytical solution is provided. It will be shown that post-buckling behaviors of sandwich nanobeam in thermo-electro-magnetic field depend on the constituent's percentages. Buckling temperature of sandwich nanobeam is also affected by nonlocal scale factor, magnetic field intensity and electrical voltage.

Microcytosis in children and adolescents with the sickle cell trait in Basra, Iraq

Rawshan Zuhair Jaber,Meàad Kadhum Hassan,Sadeq Khalaf Al-Salait 대한혈액학회 2019 Blood Research Vol.54 No.1

BackgroundMicrocytic anemia, the most common form of anemia in children and adolescents, is a heterogeneous group of diseases that is acquired or inherited. We assessed the frequency and causes of microcytosis in children and adolescents with the sickle cell trait (SCT).MethodsThis descriptive study included 95 subjects (49 males and 46 females) with SCT who at-tended Basra Center for Hereditary Blood Diseases for evaluation. Investigations in-cluded complete blood count, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary elec-trophoresis, and measurement of serum ferritin and transferrin levels.ResultsSCT subjects had a low hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (9.79±1.75 g/dL), low mean cor-puscular volume (MCV, 67.43±9.22), low mean corpuscular Hb (21.15±3.64), and a normal red cell distribution width (RDW, 14.00±2.30). Among 95 SCT subjects, 81 (85.26%) had microcytosis, 12 (12.63%) had normal MCV, and 2 (2.11%) exhibited macrocytosis. Sixty-three (77.78%) SCT subjects with microcytosis were iron deficient, and 18 (22.22%) had normal iron levels. The mean serum ferritin and HbA2 levels were significantly lower, while the RDW, sickle Hb, and serum transferrin levels were sig-nificantly higher in patients with microcytosis and iron deficiency compared to non-iron deficient subjects (P<0.05). Correlation coefficients did not reveal a significant associa-tion between the MCV and iron status of SCT subjects (P>0.05).ConclusionDespite the frequent occurrence of iron deficiency in SCT subjects, co-inheritance of al-pha-thalassemia seemed to be the cause of low MCV in non-iron deficient individuals with microcytosis. Genetic analysis is required to understand the genetic basis of this phenomenon.

Inhibition of aluminum corrosion by phthalazinone and synergistic effect of halide ion in 1.0 M HCl

Ahmed Y. Musa,Abdul Amir H. Kadhum,Abu Bakar Mohamad,Mohd Sobri Takriff,Eng Pei Chee 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.1

The inhibitive effects of 1-(2H)-phthalazinone (PTO) for aluminum alloy (2024) corrosion in 1.0 M HCl solution and the synergistic effect of KI on the corrosion inhibition efficiency were assessed using electrochemical measurements. Results showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in concentration of the PTO and synergistically increased with addition of KI. Adsorption characteristic of PTO molecules in absence and presence of KI was approximated by Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, respectively. The synergistic effect is found to decrease with increase in the concentration of PTO and a competitive inhibition mechanism exists between KI and PTO cations.

Optimization of process parameters using D-optimal design for synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles via sol–gel technique

Muneer M. Ba-Abbad,Abdul Amir H. Kadhum,Abu Bakar Mohamad,Mohd S. Takriff,Kamaruzzaman Sopian 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1

The experimental conditions for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles to produce minimal size were optimized using the D-optimal design. The influence of process parameters involves molar ratio of the starting materials, pH and the calcination temperature on the particle size were evaluated using the polynomial regression. The optimum conditions revealed by the model for obtaining a minimum particle size of ZnO were predicted to have a molar ratio of 1.76, pH of 1.50 and calcination at 402.2 8C. The obtainable particle size upon applying the model is 22.9 nm in compare to experimental result of 18 2 nm was obtained.

Synergistic of a Coumarin Derivative with Potassium Iodide on the Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum Alloy in 1.0 M H2SO4

Abu Bakar Mohamad,Abdul Amir H. Kadhum,Ahmed A. Al-Amiery,Lim Chai Ying,Ahmed Y. Musa 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.3

Synergistic effects of the addition of KI on the corrosion inhibitive performance of a coumarin derivative on analuminum alloy in 1.0 M H2SO4 at different temperatures were studied using various electrochemicalmeasurements. Density functional theory was used to calculate the quantum chemical parameters of thecoumarin derivative. The experimental results showed that the coumarin derivative is considered as a mixedtypeinhibitor. The corrosion potential values were almost unchanged upon the addition of PBBC to the acidicsolution. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentration and increases further inthe presence of 6.02 mM KI but decreases significantly at higher temperature. The adsorption of PBBC obeyedthe Langmuir isotherm, and being chemically adsorbed at lower temperatures, while physical adsorption isfavoured at higher temperature. The theoretical results indicated that the coumarin derivative was adsorbedonto the surface of Al2024 through the sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen atoms.

Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Physical Properties of Ni49.7Ti50.3 Thin Film Microactuator

Emad Kh. Al-Shakarchi,Matti N. Makadsi,Kadhum A. Essa 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.6

Shape memory alloy (SMA) NiTi thin films with thicknesses of about 5000 °A; have been prepared with composition of Ni49.7Ti50.3 at different substrate temperatures by using a thermal evaporation technique. The study concentrated on the influence of substrate temperature Ts and its effect on the reversible phase transition behavior of thin films through resistivity measurements. X-ray diffraction patterns of annealed samples for different substrate temperatures 100, 125, 150, and 200C exhibited an amorphous state for all samples except the one prepared at Ts = 200 C which showed an onset of crystallization. From the area of the hysteresis loop, one can estimate the amount of energy required for the reversible phase transition, austenite-martensite, and the data of I-V characteristic shows that the energy required for the phase transformation of each film depends on its substrate temperature.

Removal of Rhodamine Dye from Water Using Erbium Oxide Nanoparticles

Luaibi, Hasan M.,Al-Taweel, Saja S.,Gaaz, Tayser Sumer,Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.,Takriff, Mohd S.,Al-Amiery, Ahmed A. Materials Research Society of Korea 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.12

Environmental pollution remains a considerable health risk source all over the world; however, hazards are usually higher in developing countries. Iraq has long been suffering from the problem of pollution and how to treat pollution. Photocatalytic degradation has turned out to be most productive process for dye degradation. In this investigation, Rhodamine B (RhB), dye has been selected for degradation under visible light illumination. To address this issue, we fabricate erbium trioxide nanoparticles (Er₂O₃/NPs). Erbium trioxide nanoparticles are prepared and utilized for photo-catalytic degradation. The characterization of Er₂O₃/NPs is described and confirmed by utilizing of XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The average size of Er₂O₃ nanoparticles is observed to be 16.00 nm. Er₂O₃/NPs is investigated for its ability of photo-catalytic degradation through certain selected parameters such as concentration and time. The methodological results show that the synthesized Er₂O₃/NPs is a good photo-catalytic for Rhodamine degradation.

Corrosion Inhibition of Copper-nickel Alloy: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Khadom, Anees A.,Yaro, Aprael S.,Musa, Ahmed Y.,Mohamad, Abu Bakar,Kadhum, Abdul Amir H. Korean Chemical Society 2012 대한화학회지 Vol.56 No.4

The corrosion inhibition of copper-nickel alloy by Ethylenediamine (EDA) and Diethylenetriamine (DETA) in 1.5M HCl has been investigated by weight loss technique at different temperatures. Maximum value of inhibitor efficiency was 75% at $35^{\circ}C$ and 0.2 M inhibitor concentration EDA, while the lower value was 4% at $35^{\circ}C$ and 0.01 M inhibitor concentration DETA. Two mathematical models were used to represent the corrosion rate data, second order polynomial model and exponential model respectively. Nonlinear regression analysis showed that the first model was better than the second model with high correlation coefficient. The reactivity of studied inhibitors was analyzed through theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that the reactive sites were located on the nitrogen (N1, N2 and N4) atoms.