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이귀주,김정은,김소정 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.4
Rice flour was roasted at different temperatures and times and tarakjuk was made from these roasted rice flours. Chemical composition, in vitro starch digestibility (IVSD) and protein digestibility (IVPD) of the roasted rice flours and tarakjuk were determined. Changes in quality characteristics such as pH, viscosity, IVSD and IVPD of tarakjuk during refrigerated storage were also investigated. For roasted rice flours, the protein content ranged from 6.52~7.13% on a dry basis, while for tarakjuk, the range was 3.74~4.0%. On the other hand, the Ca level of tarakjuk ranged from 1,278.36~1,340.87 ppm. Rice flours showed decreasing IVSD and increasing IVPD on roasting at 145℃ and 165℃, whereas they showed increasing IVSD and decreasing IVPD at 185℃, respectively. Roasting also influenced the pH, viscosity, IVSD and IVPD of tarakjuk made from these roasted rice flours. As the roasting temperature and time increased, tarakjuk showed lower pH and viscosity, however it showed higher IVSD and IVPD. The pH of tarakjuk, except that of control, decreased with storage, whereas viscosity increased significantly. IVSD decreased up to 4 days of storage, after which it increased again until 14 days of storage. On the other hand, IVPD increased up to 7 days of storage, but there was no additional significant increase after 14 days of storage. These results suggest that depending on the nutritional purpose, appropriate conditions for roasting of rice flour and storage of tarakjuk may be recommended for the commercialization of tarakjuk.
Chu, Eun-Hee,Shin, Eun-Jung,Park, Hae-Jun,Jeong, Rae-Dong Pergamon 2015 Radiation physics and chemistry Vol.115 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Postharvest diseases cause considerable losses to harvested crops. Among them, gray mold (<I>Botrytis cinerea</I>) is a major problem of exporting to cut rose flowers into Korea. Irradiation treatment is an alternative to phytosanitary purposes and a useful nonchemical approach to the control of postharvest diseases. Gamma irradiation was evaluated for its <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> antifungal activity against <I>B. cinerea</I> on cut rose varieties, ‘Shooting Star’ and ‘Babe’. The irradiating dose required to reduce the population by 90%, D<SUB>10</SUB>, was 0.99kGy. Gamma irradiation showed complete inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth of <I>B. cinerea</I>, especially 4.0kGy <I>in vitro</I>. Antifungal activity of gamma irradiation on rose <I>B. cinerea</I> is a dose-dependent manner. A significant phytotoxicity such as bent neck in cut rose quality was shown from gamma irradiation at over 0.4kGy (<I>p</I><0.05) in both varieties. Although there is no significant difference in both varieties for fresh weight, in the case of flower rate, ‘Babe’ shows more sensitivity than ‘Shooting Star’. <I>In vivo</I> assays demonstrated that established doses in <I>in vitro</I>, over 4kGy, could completely inactive fungal pathogens, but such high doses can cause severe flowers damage. Thus, to eliminate negative impact on their quality, gamma irradiation was evaluated at lower doses in combination with an eco-friendly chemical, sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) to examine the inhibition of <I>B. cinerea</I>. Intriguingly, only the combined treatment with 0.2kGy of gamma irradiation and 70ppm of NaDCC exhibited significant synergistic antifungal activity against blue mold decay in both varieties. Together, these results suggest that a synergistic effect of the combined treatment with gamma irradiation and NaDCC can be efficiently used to control the postharvest diseases in cut rose flowers, and will provide a promising technology for horticulture products for exportation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Gamma irradiation and NaDCC introduced to control of gray mold on cut rose flowers. </LI> <LI> Integration of gamma irradiation and NaDCC inhibited the fungal development. </LI> <LI> Combined treatment can be applied to preserve the quality of the cut rose flowers. </LI> </UL> </P>
Jung Eun Ji,Jung Min Lee,Jong Min Choi,Young Hwa Choi,Eun Kyung Kim,So Jung Chu,Seok Kyun Kim,Kyong Hoon Ahn,Dong Hoon Lee,Ha Hyung Kim,Kyuboem Han,Dae Kyong Kim 한국독성학회 2008 Toxicological Research Vol.24 No.4
Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) is a glycoprotein and hematopoietic growth factors that regulates the proliferation of myeloid precursor cells and activates mature granulocytes and macrophages. In a previous study, we reported that hGM-CSF could be produced in transgenic rice cell suspension culture, termed rhGM-CSF. In the present study, we examined the repeated dose toxicity of rhGM-CSF in SD rats. The repeated dose toxicity study was performed at each dose of 50 and 200 ㎍/㎏ subcutaneous administration of rhGM-CSF everyday for 28-days period. The results did not show any changes in food and water intake. There were also no significant changes in both body and organ weights between the control and the tested groups. The hematological and blood biochemical parameters were statistically not different in all groups. These results suggest that rhGM-CSF may show no repeated dose toxicity in SD rats under the conditions.