Ru(Ⅲ) : 거대고리 착물의 합성과 이를 촉매제로 이용한 올레핀의 산화반응 Macrocyclic Complexes and Catalytic Oxidation of Olefins

朴裕哲,金聖洙,申相姬,卞鍾轍 慶北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.52 No.-

The complexes were prepared by the controlled dropwise addition method . Reactions of K_2[RuCl_2·H_2O] with cyclam, meso, and rac (cyclam=1,4,8,11- tetraazacyclotetradecane, meso =C-meso-5, 7, 7, 12, 14, 14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotrtradecane, rac=C-rac-5, 7, 7,12, 14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) in ethanol yielded trans-[RuLCl_2]Cl (L= cyclam, meso, rac) complexes. The ligand-to-metal charge-transfer transition in the UV vis spectrum of trans-[Ru(meso)Cl_2] Cl determined at 20℃ has been appeared at 370nm and 314㎚, while the spectrum for trans-[Ru(cyclam)Cl_2]Cl complex is considerably red-shifted. Oxidation of olefins using trans-[RuLCl_2]Cl complexes as catalyst was investigated in dichloroethane, in with sodium hypocholrite, hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyloxide were used as terminal oxidant and olefins were styrene,cyclohexene, 1-hexene, cyclooctene, and 1-octene. In this experimental condition, sodium hypochlorite was rather efficient terminal oxidant than hydrogen peroxide and tert-butylperoxide. In addition trans-[Ru(meso)Cl_2]Cl complex was rather efficient catalyst than trans-[Ru(cyclam) Cl_2]Cl complex, when sodium hypocholrite was used as terminal oxidant.

보조 리간드가 결합한 Cr(Ⅲ)-네자리 거대고리 착물들의 합성 및 특성

김구철,한충훈,윤정수,변종철 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1

cis-(5.5.7.12.12.14-hexamethyl-1.4.8.11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)dichloro chromium(Ⅲ) chloride{cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(Cl)₂]Cl}를 출발 물질로 하여 보조 리간드{L_(a)=malonate (mal^(2-). acetylacetonate (acac^(-). benzoate (bz^(-). p-chlorobenzoate(cbz^(-). chloroacetate(ca^(-))}를 결합시킨 착물들을 합성하였다. 이들 Cr(Ⅲ) 착물들은 6배위 착물을 형성한다. cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(acac)](ClO₄)₂ 결정은 a=20.021(1)Å. b=30.112(1)Å. c=12.708Å. α=90˚. β=127.112(1)˚. γ=90˚. V=6101.1(4)ų 및 Z=8의 cell constant를 갖고 있는 C_(2/c) 공간군이며, 단사결정체이다. Cr^(3+) 이온 주위에 4개의 amine 질소 원자와 bidentate로 결합한 acetyacetonate의 2개 산소 원자가 capped square pyramid 구조를 형성하면서 6배위 기하구조를 갖는다. cis-[Cr(tetb)(cbz)₂]ClO₄ 결정은 a=12.093(1)Å. b=20.358(1)Å. c=28.852Å. α=90˚. β=90˚. γ=90˚. V=7103.1(7)ų 및 Z=8의 cell constant를 갖고 있는 P_(bca) 공간군이며, 사방정계 결정체이다. Cr^(3+) 이온 주위에 4개의 amine 질소원자와 2개의 p-chlorobenzoate에서 각각 1개 산소원자가 capped square pyramid 구조를 형성하면서 6배위 기하구조를 갖는다. New chromium(Ⅲ) complexes are synthesized from the starting material of cis-(5.5.7.12.12.14-hexamethyl-1.4.8.11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)dichloro chromium(Ⅲ) chloride{cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(Cl)₂]Cl} with auxiliary ligands {L_(a)=malonate (mal^(2-). acetylacetonate (acac^(-). benzoate (bz^(-). p-chlorobenzoate(cbz^(-). chloroacetate(ca^(-))}. The compounds are a six-coordinated chromium(Ⅲ) complexes. The crystal of cis-[Cr([14]-decane)(acac)](ClO₄)₂ is monoclinic. space group C_(2/c). with cell constant a=20.021(1)Å. b=30.112(1)Å. c=12.708Å. α=90˚. β=127.112(1)˚. γ=90˚. V=6101.1(4)ų. and Z=8. The hexacoordination geometry around Cr^(3+) ion is a capped square pyramid made up of four amine nitrogens and bidentate acetyacetonate two oxygens. The crystal of cis-[Cr(tetb)(cbz)₂]ClO₄ is orthorhombic. space group P_(bca) with cell constant a=12.093(1)Å. b=20.358(1)Å. c=28.852Å. α=90˚. β=90˚. γ=90˚. V=7103.1(7)ų. and Z=8. The hexacoordination geometry around Cr^(3+) ion is a capped square pyramid made up of four amine nitrogens and two oxygens of two p-chlorobenzoate.

A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Linnaemya Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) in Korea

Jong-Su Lim,Ho-Yeon Han,Bong-Kyu Byun 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

Linnaemya Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) is one of the largest genera of the subfamily Tachininae with more than 149 described species in the world. In Korea, only three species have been known to date. In this study, the genus Linnaemya in Korea was reviewed. All available material was examined to identify the species of the genus. Based on the present study, we described a new species. Also ten species are reported for the first time from Korea: L. comta, takanoi, tessellans, ambigua, kanoi, zachvatkini, picta, pallidohirta, scutellaris, and lateralis. We provide a generic key, illustrations, and photos of the species of the genus. A phylogenetic analysis was also conducted to infer interspecific relationships among Korean Linnaemya species using a software, PAUP, with an outgroup Lypha dubia.

ADI Analysis of 58 Insecticide Toxicity Study

Jong Su Byun,Ki Hoon Kim,Do Hoon Kim,Min Jeong Lee,Beom Seok Han 한국농약과학회 2020 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

잔류농약 위해평가를 위한 독성자료 분석 연구

변종수 ( Jong Su Byun ),김기훈 ( Ki Hun Kim ),임나연 ( Na Yeun Lim ),최인호 ( In Ho Choi ),강진석 ( Jin Seok Kang ),한범석 ( Beom Seok Han ) 한국환경농학회 2019 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2019 No.-

현재 식품 중 잔류농약 농약의 안전성 자료는 각 나라마다 상이할 수가 있으므로, CODEX, 유럽, 미국, 일본 등 국가별 자료를 비교·분석하여 국내 잔류농약의 위해평가 체계를 확립할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 조사대상 농약 52 종에 대한 식품 중 잔류농약에 대한 코덱스, 일본, 유럽, 미국, 한국 등의 위해성 관련 국제평가기관에서 발표한 독성자료를 분석한 후 요약본을 작성하고, 국외 주요 독성 자료 Data base를 구축하여 식품 중 잔류농약 기준·규격 제·개정의 근거 자료로 활용하고, 안전관리 지원의 과학적 근거를 제공하고자 하였다. 농약의 용도별 분류 현황에 대한 분석 결과 제초제, 살균제, 살충제 순 등으로 많이 관찰되었다. 각국의 농약 독성 자료를 분석한 결과 설정된 ADI는 독성의 종말점, 안전계수, NOAEL 선정 값에 따라 다르게 나타나며 체중변화, 장기무게, 혈액학적 변화, 조직병리학적 변화 등에 영향이 있었으며, 설정된 ADI의 근거가 되는 endpoint는 조직병리학적소견이 가장 많았고, 다음으로 임상병리학적 변화(혈액, 뇨 등)의 사례가 순으로 나타났다. 또한 ADI 설정에 영향을 미친 독성시험은 만성/발암성 병합시험, 만성독성, 생식독성시험 순으로 나타났다. 각국의 주요기관 농약의 독성 자료에서 ADI 값이 상이한 농약은 napropamide 외 4 종으로 조사되었다. 주요국가 기관별 ADI 값의 차이는 안전계수의 차이와 실행한 독성시험의 종류가 다른 것으로 확인되었고, 이는 각 기관의 독성자료에 대한 전문가 견해차이가 있으므로 향후 이에 대한 자세한 분석이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera) of Korea, with two unknown species

Bong-Woo Lee,Bong-Kyu Byun,Shin-Young Park,Jong-Su Lim,Kyong-Mi Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

The family Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera) is a small family with more than 100 described species in the world (Gaedike, 1996). It is divided into two subfamilies, Epermeniinae and Ochromolopinae (Dugdale et al., 1999). Although this family comprises species with variously shaped wings from broad to narrow lanceolate, it is characterized by stiff bristles on the whole surface of the hind tibia. Another character, one or more scale teeth on the dorsum of the forewing seems to be another apomorphy for the family. However, some species lack these teeth by secondary loss (Kuroko, 2006). The family has been poorly known from Korea to date. The first record of Epermeniidae in Korea was Epemenia strictella (Wocke), by Park (1983), on the basis of specimen collected in the Suwon, Province Gyeonggi. Since this report, no research has been conducted on this family in Korea. This study is based on the recent survey on the Microlepidoptera by Korea National Arboretum(KNA) to clarify the fauna of microlepidoptera of Korea. In this study, we report two species of the family Epermeniidae, Phaulernis chasanica and Ochromolopis sp., for the first time from Korea along with illustraton of adults.

Electrical control of nanoscale functionalization in graphene by the scanning probe technique

Byun, Ik-Su,Kim, Wondong,Boukhvalov, Danil W.,Hwang, Inrok,Son, Jong Wan,Oh, Gwangtaek,Choi, Jin Sik,Yoon, Duhee,Cheong, Hyeonsik,Baik, Jaeyoon,Shin, Hyun-Joon,Shiu, Hung Wei,Chen, Chia-Hao,Son, Young Nature Publishing Group (NPG) ; Tokyo Institute of 2014 NPG Asia Materials Vol.6 No.-

Functionalized graphene is a versatile material that has well-known physical and chemical properties depending on functional groups and their coverage. However, selective control of functional groups on the nanoscale is hardly achievable by conventional methods utilizing chemical modifications. We demonstrate electrical control of nanoscale functionalization of graphene with the desired chemical coverage of a selective functional group by atomic force microscopy (AFM) lithography and their full recovery through moderate thermal treatments. Surprisingly, our controlled coverage of functional groups can reach 94.9% for oxygen and 49.0% for hydrogen, respectively, well beyond those achieved by conventional methods. This coverage is almost at the theoretical maximum, which is verified through scanning photoelectron microscope measurements as well as first-principles calculations. We believe that the present method is now ready to realize 'chemical pencil drawing' of atomically defined circuit devices on top of a monolayer of graphene.

Insect Fauna of Mt. Gittae-Bong, Samcheok, Gangwon-do

Byun, Bong-Kyu,Lim, Jong-Su,Park, Shin-Young,Kim, Kyong-Mi,Lee, Bong-Woo,Jo, Dong-Gwang national science museum of korea 2010 Journal of Korean nature Vol.3 No.3

This study was conducted to investigate the insect fauna of Mt. Gittae-bong located in Samcheok city, Gangwon-do between May and October 2009. As a result, a total of 1,317 insects of 8 orders, 53 families and 449 species were identified and enumerated.

[논문]스토리텔링 기반 한자 학습 콘텐츠 프로토타입 설계 : 六書를 중심으로

변 종 권,박 수 홍,강 문 숙 부산대학교 교육연구소 2011 교육혁신연구 Vol.21 No.2

This study was aimed to enhance efficiency of learning Chinese characters and improve the established teaching and learning methods through stimulating learners' interests and concentration. The research tasks were as follows, First, for the purpose of designing Storytelling-based Prototype, the teaching contents were to be analyzed and thus, design strategies for teaching were to be laid out. Second, the program for learning Chinese characters based on storytelling was to be designed by using the detailed design strategies from the task 1. Third, Storytelling-based Prototype was to be modified and supplemented with reformed ideas. The teaching methods include approaching the core ideas through analyzing literature and web sites. Then, the master scheme is planned according to the arranged concepts followed by the story board. The results of designing Storytelling-based Prototype were as follows. First, the new teaching methods of Chinese characters-learning Contents prototype were developed with animations. The animated materials helped learners concentrate on the learning process by engaging the learners' intellects and emotions at the same time. Second, the learning contents were formed as a basis for conversation, which encouraged the learners to solve problems they face in their everyday life naturally. Third, the topics and stories were similar to real world situations, which were familiar to the learners and get rid of any impediments to the learning process. Finally, as the research for Storytelling-based Prototype is just starting, further study is necessary for enhancing the learners's interests in learning Chinese Characters and facilitating the teaching and learning process. 본 연구는 중학교 1학년 한문교과를 대상으로 스토리텔링 기반 한자 학습 콘텐츠 프로토타입을 설계하는 것으로 기존 한문 교과의 가르치는 방법과 문제점을 개선하고 학습자들이 보다 한문을 흥미있고 효율적으로 학습할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 문헌분석, 웹사례 분석을 통해 설계를 위한 핵심 전략을 스토리 설계 전략, 핵심 학습 활동으로 나누어 제시하였으며, 컨셉 정리 테이블에 따라 시나리오를 작성하고 최종적으로 스토리 보드를 작성하였다. 설계된 프로토타입의 효율성 검정을 위해 여러 분야의 전문가들로부터 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 실시한 결과 교수학습 콘텐츠로서 가치와 효과성이 높다는 결론을 얻었고, 개선점을 도출하여 프로토타입을 수정ㆍ보완하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 스토리텔링 기반 한자학습의 새로운 교수 방법은 애니메이션으로 구현되어 학습자들에게 쉽게 전이가 되며, 이야기 속의 주인공에게 감정이입이 되어 공감을 하며 지성과 감성을 동시에 자극하는 효과가 극대화되어 학생들의 수업에 대한 집중력이 뛰어나 흥미와 몰입을 높일 수 있었다. 둘째, 학습 내용을 문답식 대화체로 전개함으로써, 학습자가 현실에서 직면할 수 있는 상황이나 궁금증을 자연스럽게 풀어나갈 수 있었다. 셋째. 스토리의 소재나 배경을 현실세계와 유사하게 설정함으로써 학습에 대한 거부감을 없애고, 친밀감을 가져다 줄 수 있었다. 넷째, 콘텐츠와 학습자간에 상호작용을 원활히 유도함으로써 학습의 피드백(feedback)과 효율성을 높일 수 있었다. 다섯째, 스토리속의 등장인물의 생각을 내면화하여 자신의 경험을 재조명함으로써 지식을 재구성하는 의미 있는 성찰을 할 수 있었다.

Effect of heat treatment on corrosion resistance and adhesion property in Zn-Mg-Zn multi-layer coated steel prepared by PVD process

Byun, Jong Min,Bang, Su-Ryong,Kim, Hyun Woo,Kim, Tae-Yeob,Hong, Suk-Jun,Kim, Young Do Elsevier 2017 Surface & coatings technology Vol.309 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, as the alternatives to the depletion of Zn resources, the Zn-Mg alloy was deposited on a steel substrate by a PVD process. Considering the difference of vapor pressure between Zn and Mg in vacuum condition, Zn, Mg and Zn were sequentially coated by PVD process to form a uniform coating layer, and a heat treatment was separately conducted at 200°C under vacuum condition. As the heating time increased, the volume fraction of the intermetallic compound phases (Mg<SUB>2</SUB>Zn<SUB>11</SUB> and MgZn<SUB>2</SUB>) gradually increased up to the heat-treated sample for 360s. From the 0T-bending test, delamination of the coating layer was observed from heat-treated sample for 240s which is composed of over 85% of the intermetallic compound phases. And from the salt spray test, it is confirmed that the red rust generation time was 624h in heat-treated sample for 360s which was composed entirely of Zn-Mg intermetallic compound phases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The Zn, Mg and Zn were sequentially coated on steel sheet by PVD method. </LI> <LI> The effect of heat treatment on the phase transition, corrosion resistance, and adhesion property was investigated. </LI> <LI> As heat treatment time increased for 360s, the coating layer was entirely composed of intermetallics (Mg<SUB>2</SUB>Zn<SUB>11</SUB> and MgZn<SUB>2</SUB>). </LI> <LI> The red rust generation time was 624h in heat-treated sample for 360s. </LI> <LI> The delamination of coating layer was observed from heat-treated sample for 240s which were composed of 85% intermetallics. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>