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John Kariuki Macharia,Elijah Oketch Ogolah,Jean Pierre Munyaneza 한국동물유전육종학회 2022 한국동물유전육종학회지 Vol.6 No.4
As a larger part of the livestock sector, the poultry farming sub-sector plays a vital role in the Kenyan economy by being a source of food, income, raw materials, and employment to many. Indigenous poultry farming is widely practised in rural households with a significant role in their financial stability and livelihoods. Indigenous chicken products are preferred by consumers due to their unique taste, high nutritional value, and organic production. The increased demand could offer an opportunity for the expansion of indigenous chicken farming in Kenya. Indigenous chickens are commonly reared extensively due to their scavenging abilities and resistance to diseases when compared to exotic breeds. Extensive systems of chicken farming face several challenges that limit productivity including diseases, poor husbandry practises, high cost of feeds, and unreliable marketing channels. Thus, the subsistence rearing of indigenous chickens with poor management practices can be characterized by lower production levels and profit margins. Nevertheless, all is not lost as there are promising opportunities to improve the productivity of indigenous chickens. This manuscript aims to describe the production systems and highlight constraints and opportunities for the expansion of indigenous chicken farming in Kenya.
Whole genome screening for deleterious alleles in Hanwoo cattle
Macharia John Kariuki,이동재,이승환,이준헌 한국동물유전육종학회 2024 한국동물유전육종학회지 Vol.8 No.1
Selective breeding of cattle increases the level of inbreeding and, as a result, the risk of transmitting deleterious recessive alleles in a population. Numerous genetic disorders have been identified in various breeds of cattle. Although these disorders occur sporadically, the widespread use of semen from carrier sires can increase their prevalence in a population. In this regard, routine testing and elimination of carrier bulls is essential. The availability of a large amount of genomic data enables the screening and identification of causal alleles in the absence of phenotypes. This study aimed to investigate the presence of candidate variants of genetic disorders in Hanwoo cattle using whole genome data. 16,970 cattle were genotyped using the 50K Illumina Bovine chip and imputed to the whole genome sequence level using reference data from 203 bulls. Genetic coordinates of previously reported mutations in cattle were obtained from the OMIA online database. The information was then used to screen for harmful alleles in Hanwoo cattle. Fortunately, we did not identify any candidate variants in the tested population. However, this study was limited to a small sample. Moreover, the reliability of the results could have been affected by low imputation accuracy and genotype liftover errors. In this regard, we recommend regular screening of the breeding cattle to minimize the prevalence of genetic disorders in Hanwoo cattle.