Research on stiffness control of a redundant cable-driven parallel mechanism

Jinshan Yu,Jianguo Tao,Guoxing Wang,Xiao Li,Haowei Wang 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11

Controlling the stiffness of cable-driven parallel mechanisms (CDPM) is of great significance for improving performance in different tasks. A method for stiffness control of a redundant CDPM is presented in this paper. The stiffness matrix of the redundant CDPM is established. On this basis, considering the effect of coupling stiffness, a complete analytical formula for stiffness in different directions is established. Then, the influence of the vector λ on the stiffness of the CDPM in different directions is analyzed, and a method to control the stiffness of the CDPM through adjusting the vector λ is proposed. To avoid traversing the value of λ in the polygon formed by the set of λ to obtain the appropriate cable tension and keep the cable tension away from the upper and lower limit values, a change path of the vector λ is designed. When the vector λ changes along the path, the stiffness of the mechanism can be changed from the minimum value to the maximum value. This method has high computational efficiency and safety. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the stiffness control method are verified by experiments. The stiffness control method proposed in this paper can be used to control the stiffness in different directions, and can also be used for different types of redundant CDPMs.

Fully Recrystallized Al0.5CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy Strengthened by Nanoscale Precipitates

Haoxue Yang,Jinshan Li,Tong Guo,William Yi Wang,Hongchao Kou,Jun Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.5

The correlation among the strength, ductility and precipitates in a dual-phase Al0.5CoCrFeNihigh-entropy alloy has beeninvestigated. The property of plastic was improved in the recrystallized Al0.5CoCrFeNiHEA prepared as the master alloy. Formation of the stable nanosized L12phases after aging at 650 °C was revealed, along with the lath-like BCC phasesprecipitated in the grain, as the primary contribution of the strength enhancement. Excellent balanced tensile properties atroom temperature were achieved through aging treatment, as the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength show 2.68, 1.63times higher in 650 °C/140 h aged condition than that in initial states, respectively, superior to many high-entropy alloysand conventional alloys.

Combined transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal differences in the longissimus dorsi muscle between Kazakh cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle

Yan, XiangMin,Wang, Jia,Li, Hongbo,Gao, Liang,Geng, Juan,Ma, Zhen,Liu, Jianming,Zhang, Jinshan,Xie, Penggui,Chen, Lei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.9

Objective: With the rapid development of proteomics sequencing and RNA sequencing technology, multi-omics analysis has become a current research hotspot. Our previous study indicated that Xinjiang brown cattle have better meat quality than Kazakh cattle. In this study, Xinjiang brown cattle and Kazakh cattle were used as the research objects. Methods: Proteome sequencing and RNA sequencing technology were used to analyze the proteome and transcriptome of the longissimus dorsi muscle of the two breeds of adult steers (n = 3). Results: In this project, 22,677 transcripts and 1,874 proteins were identified through quantitative analysis of the transcriptome and proteome. By comparing the identified transcriptome and proteome, we found that 1,737 genes were identified at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. The results of the study revealed 12 differentially expressed genes and proteins: troponin I1, crystallin alpha B, cysteine, and glycine rich protein 3, phosphotriesterase-related, myosin-binding protein H, glutathione s-transferase mu 3, myosin light chain 3, nidogen 2, dihydropyrimidinase like 2, glutamate-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, receptor accessory protein 5, and aspartoacylase. We performed functional enrichment of these differentially expressed genes and proteins. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes results showed that these differentially expressed genes and proteins are enriched in the fatty acid degradation and histidine metabolism signaling pathways. We performed parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) verification of the differentially expressed proteins, and the PRM results were consistent with the sequencing results. Conclusion: Our study provided and identified the differentially expressed genes and proteins. In addition, identifying functional genes and proteins with important breeding value will provide genetic resources and technical support for the breeding and industrialization of new genetically modified beef cattle breeds.

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Asian and European honeybees to pear flower volatiles

Ma Weihua,Long Denglong,Wang Yi,Li Xinyu,Huang Jiaxing,Shen Jinshan,Su Wenting,Jiang Yusuo,Li Jie 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

Honeybee pollination behavior is influenced by flower volatiles, which honeybees sense via olfactory receptors. Honeybees are only weakly attracted to pear flowers. To investigate the potential reasons, we extracted and determined the floral volatile compounds from three pear cultivars (Su, Ya, and Xuehua) using headspace solidphase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The effects of pear flower volatiles on the Asian honeybee (Apis cerana cerana Fabricius) and the European honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola) were determined by electroantennogram (EAG) assays and behavioral tests in a three-arm olfactometer. Among the 76 flower volatiles detected with GC–MS, 21 were found in all three pear cultivars, accounting for approximately 70% of the total volatile content. 3-Methyl-1-butanol and (+)-limonene volatiles had the highest relative content. Five compounds elicited strong EAG responses in both bee species: 2-methylbu tyraldehyde, 1-nonanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and (+)-limonene. Neither bee species showed positive taxis to these volatiles. In behavioral tests, A. mellifera ligustica showed a low preference for 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (20%, 400 µg/µL) and 2-phenethyl alcohol (16.7%, 400 µg/µL). Apis cerana cerana showed a low preference for 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6.7%, 400 µg/µL) and 1-nonanal (10%, 400 µg/µL), whereas its preferences for 3-methyl-1-butanol (43.3%, 400 µg/µL) and α-farnesene (40%, 400 µg/µL) were similar to that for the control. Therefore, a lack of attractive volatile compounds could explain why honeybees are only weakly attracted to pear flowers. Therefore, to achieve acceptable pollination in pear orchards, we suggest using flower-scent sugar syrup feeding and a saturation pollination strategy.

Effects of ruminally degradable starch levels on performance, nitrogen balance, and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed low corn-based starch diets

Guobin Luo,Wenbin Xu,Jinshan Yang,Yang Li,Liyang Zhang,Yizhen Wang,Cong Lin,Yonggen Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.5

Objective: This trial was performed to examine the effects of ruminally degradable starch (RDS) levels in total mixed ration (TMR) with low corn-based starch on the milk production, whole-tract nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in dairy cows. Methods: Eight multiparous Holstein cows (body weight [BW]: 717±63 kg; days in milk [DIM]: 169±29) were assigned to a crossover design with two dietary treatments: a diet containing 62.3% ruminally degradable starch (% of total starch, low RDS) or 72.1% ruminally degradable starch (% of total starch, high RDS). Changes to the ruminally degradable levels were conducted by using either finely ground corn or steam-flaked corn as the starch component. Results: The results showed that dry matter intake, milk yield and composition in dairy cows were not affected by dietary treatments. The concentration of milk urea nitrogen was lower for cows fed high RDS TMR than low RDS TMR. The whole-tract apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and crude protein decreased, and that of starch increased for cows fed high RDS TMR over those fed low RDS TMR, with no dietary effect on the whole-tract apparent digestibility of dry matter and organic matter. The proportion of urinary N excretion in N intake was lower and that of fecal N excretion in N intake was higher for cows fed high RDS TMR than those fed low RDS TMR. The N secretion in milk and the retention of N were not influenced by the dietary treatments. Total purine derivative was similar in cows fed high RDS TMR and low RDS TMR. Consequently, estimated microbial N flow to the duodenum was similar in cows fed high RDS TMR and low RDS TMR. Conclusion: Results of this study show that ruminally degradable starch levels can influence whole-tract nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in dairy cows fed low corn-based starch diets, with no influence on performance.

Characterization and profiling of MicroRNAs in posterior silk gland of the silkworm (Bombyx mori)

Fei Song,Xin Wang,Chen Chen,Yangyang Fan,Shunming Tang,Jinshan Huang,Xijie Guo,Xingjia Shen 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.8

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate expression of genes at post-transcriptional level by binding on complementary sequences of target mRNAs and play multiple roles in biological processes. To investigate the differential expression of miRNAs in posterior silk gland (PSG) of silkworm (Bombyx mori) in different periods and regulation of miRNAs on the expression of fibroin genes, Solexa sequencing technology was used to detect miRNAs in PSGs of fourth-instar day-2 larvae and fifth-instar day-3 larvae, respectively. As a result, 466 previously reported miRNAs, and 35 novel miRNAs were detected, and 499 of these detected miRNAs are predicted to target 13,383 genes by target prediction softwares. Additionally, 29 miRNAs expressed differently between the PSG of fourthinstar day-2 larvae and fifth-instar day-3 larvae were found, and the differential expression of these miRNAs may play an important role in the expression of fibroin genes.

Low METTL3 level in midgut of the Bombyx mori inhibit the proliferation of nucleopolyhedrovirus

Xue Peng,Jiangtao Zhai,Zhu Juan,Wang Meixian,Zhao Qiaoling,Huang Jinshan,Tang Shunming,Shen Xingjia 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

N6-methyladeosine (m 6 A) plays an important role in virus infection and replication. Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis is caused by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection. Expression levels of m 6 Amodification-related genes after the infection of BmNPV were detected at first. Then, expression levels of BmNPV nucleocapsid protein gene VP39 and envelope fusion protein gene GP64 after knockdown of METTL3in vitro were quantified to identify the effect of m 6 A modification on BmNPV. BmNPV firstly infects the larval midgut in case of oral infection. Subsequently, to clarify the relationship between m 6 A modification and resistance of the silkworm to BmNPV, we detected the expression levels of m 6 A-modification-related genes invivo before and after infection of BmNPV. The results indicated that low METTL3 level hindered the proliferation of BmNPV to some extent, and silkworm strain with low METTL3 level showed stronger resistance against BmNPV. This study will accumulate new experimental data for elucidating the resistance mechanism of silkworm against BmNPV.

Colorimetric Detection of Hg2+ Based on Enhancement of Peroxidase‐like Activity of Chitosan‐Gold Nanoparticles

Cui-Feng Jiang,Zhuojian Li,Yinxing Wu,Jinshan Wang,Qiong Jiang 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.5

Hg2+ is a serious environmental contaminant that can cause severe damage to the immune and nervous systems, and Hg2+ monitoring is critical. Herein, we report a novel, simple, and sensitive Hg2+ sensor based on the enhanced peroxidase?like activity of chitosan?gold nanoparticles (CS?AuNPs). The peroxidase?like activity of the CS?AuNPs can be markedly enhanced by Hg2+ as seen by the deeper color and increased absorbance at 652?nm. This improved catalytic ability was used to develop a sensitive and selective colorimetric sensor for Hg2+ detection. The limit of detection via the absorption spectra is as low as 0.02??M. The mechanism underlying the enhanced catalytic ability is discussed. This approach is label?free, simple, and offers detection with the naked eye. Thus, it has potential applications for the detection of Hg2+ in environmental and food samples.

Synthesis of covalently crosslinked attapulgite/poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) nanocomposite hydrogels and their evaluation as adsorbent for heavy metal ions

Peng Liu,Liping Jiang,Longxiang Zhu,Jinshan Guo,Aiqin Wang 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.23 No.-

Novel covalently crosslinked attapulgite/poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (ATP/P(AA-co-AM)) nanocomposite hydrogel was synthesized via a facile ‘‘one-pot’’ two-step approach, with the modified attapulgite (ATP–C55C) nanorods as the sole crosslinker. Orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate the effect of the synthetic condition on the resultant nanocomposite hydrogels. The ATP/ P(AA-co-AM)) nanocomposite hydrogels exhibited selective adsorption toward Pb2+ and Cu2+. The adsorbed ions could be easily desorbed, indicating their desired reusability. These excellent features, such as facile preparation, high mechanical stability, high adsorption capacity, and simple reactivation, make them potential adsorbent for the treatment of the heavy metal-contaminated water.