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Flora of a Cool Temperate Forest Around Restoration Center for Endangered Species, Yeongyang
Kim, Seongjun,Lee, Chang-Woo,Park, Hwan-Joon,Lee, Byoung-Doo,Hwang, Jung Eun,An, Jiae,Park, Hyung Bin,Baek, Ju Hyeong,Kim, Pyoung Beom,Kim, Nam Young National Institute of Ecology 2021 국립생태원회보(PNIE) Vol.2 No.1
The present study aimed to clarify flora living at the area of Restoration Center for Endangered Species in Yeongyang, Gyeongbuk Province. In May, August, and September 2019 and in May and July 2020, all of vascular plants were recorded, and endangered, Korea endemic, and exotic plant species were further identified. The study site contained a total of 418 floral taxa (98 families, 261 genera, 384 species, 4 subspecies, 27 variations, and 3 formations), in which Magnoliophyta accounted for larger proportion (95.2%) than Pteridophyta (3.6%) and Pinophyta (1.2%). In addition, 1 endangered (Cypripedium macranthos Sw.) and 5 Korea endemic species (Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Eleutherococcus divaricatus var. chiisanensis [Nakai] C.H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun, Lonicera subsessilis Rehder, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, and Weigela subsessilis [Nakai] L.H. Bailey) were detected. The number of exotic species was 33, consisting of 4 invasive-exotic, 4 potentially invasive-exotic, and 25 non-invasive species. Compared to a previous assessment before the establishment of the center (in 2014), there were increases in total floral taxa (from 361 to 418), endangered species (from 0 to 1), and exotic species (from 26 to 33). These results possibly reflect temporal changes in floral community, which should be confirmed through subsequent long term monitoring.
Effects of N-acetyl Cysteine as Precursor of GSH in RA-induced Neuronal Differentiation of P19 ESCs
Joon Yup Kim,Jiae Park,Yoo Hun Noh,Do Hee Kim,Ok Hyeon Kim,Yoon Hee Chung,Kyung Yong Kim,Seung Ho Han,Sung Su Kim,Won Bok Lee 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2013 中央醫大誌 Vol.38 No.2
N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), estradiol and melatonin are well-known as antioxidant, and these reagents have a strong influence on many cellular events. Therefore, we compared effects of NAC in Retinoic acid (RA)-induced embryonic body's (EB) formation and neuronal differentiation of P19 embryonic stem cells (P19 ESCs) with estradiol and melatonin. NAC dramatically increased EB formation and neuronal differentiation in terms of neuronal marker, MAP-2, and neuronal maturation. However, in additional treated groups with estradiol and melatonin, no differences were founded as contrasted with NAC treatment. Furthermore, in NAC-enhanced neuronal differentiation, intracellular glutathione (GSH) contents was only increased, and co-treatment with buthionine sulphoximine (BSO), a GSH-synthesis inhibitor, effectively reduced the EB formation and neuronal differentiation. These results demonstrated that NAC increase EB formation and neuronal differentiation by up-regulation of intracellular GSH contents. NAC-enhanced neuronal differentiation effects may be as donor of GSH, not as antioxidant.
Improvement of andropause symptoms by dandelion and rooibos extract complex CRS-10 in aging male
Yoo-Hun Noh,Do-Hee Kim,Joon Yub Kim,Jiae Park,Ok Hyeon Kim,Daeseok Han,Won-Yong Kim,Sung-Su Kim,Moo-Yeol Lee,Seok-Hyun Heo,Misook Kim,Won Bok Lee,Yoonhwa Jeong,Soon Chul Myung 한국영양학회 2012 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.6 No.6
Many aging male suffer various andropause symptoms including loss of physical and mental activities. This study evaluated the putative alleviative effects of CRS-10 dandelion and rooibos extract complex (CRS-10) on the symptoms of andropause. The survival rate of TM3 Leydig cells (TM3 cells) treated with CRS-10 was measured based on typical physiological stress. After daily intake of CRS-10 for 4 weeks, the level of testosterone, physical activity and both the number and activity of sperm in older rats (18 weeks) were measured. Furthermore, thirty males were surveyed with AMS (Aging Males" Symptoms) questionnaire after intake of 400 mg of CRS-10. Overall, CRS-10 protected TM3 cells from serum restriction and oxidative stress via activation of ERK and Akt pathways. The level of testosterone and activation of spermatogenesis in rats were significantly enhanced. In addition, physical locomotion was markedly improved. Daily intake of 400 mg of CRS-10 improved the quality of life among agingmale respondents, according to a clinical survey using the AMS. The results indicate the potential of CRS-10 as a safe and efficacious natural substance for reducing or alleviating andropause symptoms.
Autophagy 매개체인 LC3로 인한 Aβ 신경 독성의 증가
이승아;이현정;김도희;김옥현 박지애;김대진;정윤희;김경용;김성수;이원복 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2012 中央醫大誌 Vol.37 No.1/2
Autophagy is a highly regulated cellular mechanism that results in the bulk degradation process and which seems to be implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions relevant to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Also, it has been suggested that the large part of autophagy is mediated by Light Chains 3 (LC3). Despite research suggesting an association between AD and autophagy, many issues remain to be addressed. To determine the relevance between autophagy and AD, we evaluated amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity either in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with only EGFP or the cells exogeneously transfected with EGFP-LC3, mediating autophagy easily by overexpressed LC3. Without treatment of Aβ, the cell viabilities were quietly similar in both kinds of cells. The cell viability was decreased significantly in LC3 overexpressed cells. Consistently, more increased oxidative stress was detected in LC3 overexpressed cells. These results suggest that autophagy enhanced Aβ toxicity by way of increasing oxidative stress at least in part. This study will be of help to understand the role of autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases.
A Study on an expression pattern of character through the muscle movement
Jiae Kim,Sunghwhan Jung (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 2007 (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 conference Vol.2007 No.1
We could see the fact that the muscles that have the most influence on facial expression were forehead muscle, occipital muscle and cheekbone muscle. Various expressions have been produced according to relaxation of these muscles, degree of contraction and the directions of exercise. While the entire face muscle becomes relaxed for being cheerful, happy, comfortable and surprised showing positive facial expressions, it became relaxed as the cheekbone muscle at both ends of the mouth and forehead muscles performed the upward motion. In other words, various positive facial expressions have been expressed depending on the degree of upward motion at both ends of the mouth and size of mouth opening. While there was a similarity of entire face muscle becoming contracted for being angry, sad, depressed and weary that are negative facial expressions, the downward motion of forehead muscles around the eye and cheekbone muscles around the mouth going down has been shown. While 2D characters and 3D characters showed a delicate shade of difference in their method of expression, the 2D character which has excessive distortion and exaggeration for the most part has shown some difference from realistic based 3D Character in that its expression exaggerates and overstates the actual muscle movement of a human being.