In Vitro Screening for Compounds Derived from Traditional Chinese Medicines with Antiviral Activities Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

( Jia Cheng ),( Na Sun ),( Xin Zhao ),( Li Niu ),( Mei Qin Song ),( Yao Gui Sun ),( Jun Bing Jiang ),( Jian Hua Guo2 ),( Yuan Sheng Bai ),( Jun Ping He ),( Hong Quan Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

Seventeen compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were tested for their antiviral activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vitro. Visualization with the cytopathologic effect (CPE) assay and the 3-(4, 5-dimethyithiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test were used to determine the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and 50% effective concentration (EC50) in cultured Marc-145 cells. Among the tested compounds, chlorogenic acid and scutellarin showed potential anti-PRRSV activity. The EC50 values were 270.8 ± 14.6 μg/ml and 28.21 ± 26.0 μg/ml and the selectivity indexes were >5.54 and 35.5, respectively. The time-of-addition and virucidal assay indicated that the anti-PRRSV activity of the two compounds could be due to their inhibiting the early stage of virus replication and/or inactivating the virus directly. The inhibition of the virus attachment was not observed in the adsorption inhibition assay. The inhibition ratios of chlorogenic acid and scutellarin were, respectively, 90.8% and 61.1% at the maximum non-cytotoxic concentrations. The results have provided a basis for further exploration of their antiviral properties and mechanisms in vivo. We believe that the chlorogenic acid and scutellarin have a great potential to be developed as new anti-PRRSV drugs for clinical application.

Association between FGFRs and the susceptibility of digestive and reproductive system cancers in Chinese population

Jia-Kang Wang,Shu-jun Guo,Bao-qing Tian,Chnag-jun Nie,Hai-long Wang,Jia-lang Wang,An Hong,Xiao-jia Chen 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2017 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.13 No.4

Fibroblast growth factors(FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) modulate a wide range of biological functions, especially tumor genesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of FGFR expression with the susceptibility of digestive system and reproductive system cancers in Chinese population. In total, 343 patients with digestive or reproductive system cancers were enrolled in this study. The expression levels of four highly-conserved FGFRs including FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 were measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expression levels of FGFRs were compared between carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues. FGFR1 expression significantly differed between carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues in colon and gastric cancers. FGFR2 expression significantly differed between carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues in esophageal cancer. FGFR3 expression was significantly different between carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues in liver and gastric cancers. FGFR2 showed the highest expression probability in all the selected cancers and FGFR4 showed the lowest expression probability. FGFR1 and FGFR3 showed comparable moderate expression probabilities. Our findings have demonstrated significant differences regarding FGFR expression levels between carcinoma and para-carcinoma cells in digestive or reproductive system cancer patients. The data also implicated that FGFR2 and FGFR4 could serve as two prominent factors closely related to the susceptibility of digestive and reproductive system cancers.

Associations of TNF-RII rs1061622 With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Their Interplays on Serum Lipids Levels in Adolescents

Ji Cheng Zhang,Jin Hua Wang,Jun Yi Liu,Qi Wei Guo,Jia Lin,Yi Lin Shen,Ke Xin Jia,Jia Jing Cai,Guo Ming Su,Ding Zhi Fang 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.11

Objective To verify effects of rs1061622 at tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II (TNF-RII) gene (<i>TNF-RII</i>) on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its interactive effects with PTSD on serum lipids levels in adolescents.Methods PTSD was measured by PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) in 699 adolescent survivors at 6 months after Wenchuan earthquake in China. A polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism assay were utilized for <i>TNF-RII</i> rs1061622 genotyping followed by verification using DNA sequencing. Serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested using routine methods.Results G (deoxyguanine) allele carriers had higher PCL-C scores than TT (deoxythymidine) homozygotes in female subjects. Female adolescents had higher PCL-C scores than male subjects in TT homozygotes. Predictors of PTSD prevalence and severity were different between G allele carriers and TT homozygotes. Subjects with PTSD had lower TG, TG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and higher HDL-C than adolescents without PTSD in male G allele carriers. G allele carriers had higher TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C than TT homozygotes in male adolescents without PTSD, and lower TG and TG/HDL-C in male PTSD patients. G allele carriers had higher TG than TT homozygotes only in female adolescents without PTSD.Conclusion These results suggest reciprocal actions of <i>TNF-RII</i> rs1061622 with other factors on PTSD severity, interplays of <i>TNF-RII</i> rs1061622 with PTSD on serum lipid levels, and novel treatment strategies for PTSD and comorbidities of PTSD with hyperlipidemia among adolescents with different genetic backgrounds of <i>TNF-RII</i> rs1061622 after experiencing traumatic events.

Comparison of Liver Transplantation and Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Type I and Type II

Jia-Yu Lv,Ning-Ning Zhang,Ya-Wei Du,Ying Wu,Tian-Qiang Song,Ya-Min Zhang,Yan Qu,Yu-Xin Liu,Jie Gu,Ze-Yu Wang,Yi-Bo Qiu,Bing Yang,Da-Zhi Tian,Qing-Jun Guo,Li Zhang,Ji-San Sun,Yan Xie,Zheng-Lu Wang,Xin 연세대학교의과대학 2021 Yonsei medical journal Vol.62 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection (LR) for hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and to investigate risk factors affecting prognosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 94 HCC patients with PVTT type I (segmental PVTT) and PVTT type II (lobar PVTT) were involvedand divided into LR (n=47) and LT groups (n=47). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were comparedbefore and after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Prognostic factors for RFS and OS were explored. Results: Two treatment groups were well-balanced using IPTW. In the entire cohort, LT provided a better prognosis than LR. Among patients with PVTT type I, RFS was better with LT (p=0.039); OS was not different significantly between LT and LR(p=0.093). In subgroup analysis of PVTT type I patients with α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels >200 ng/mL, LT elicited significantly longermedian RFS (18.0 months vs. 2.1 months, p=0.022) and relatively longer median OS time (23.6 months vs. 9.8 months, p=0.065). Among patients with PVTT type II, no significant differences in RFS and OS were found between LT and LR (p=0.115 and 0.335,respectively). Multivariate analyses showed treatment allocation (LR), tumor size (>5 cm), AFP and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels to be risk factors of RFS and treatment allocation (LR), AFP and AST as risk factors for OS. Conclusion: LT appeared to afford a better prognosis for HCC with PVTT type I than LR, especially in patients with AFP levels>200 ng/mL.

ORiginal Article : PNPLA3 rs738409 Polymorphism Associated with Hepatic Steatosis and Advanced Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus: A Meta-Analysis

( Jia Hao Fan ),( Ming Que Xiang ),( Qing Ling Li ),( Hong Tao Shi ),( Jin Jun Guo ) 대한간학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.3

Background/Aims: The recognition of a correlation between patatin-like phospholipase domain containing-protein 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 (C>G) and the severity of liver steatosis or fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has not reached a consensus. This meta-analysis sought to investigate with accuracy the association between the PNPLA3 rs738409 (C>G) polymorphism and liver steatosis and advanced fibrosis in CHC patients. Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases up to December 31, 2014. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata 12.0 software. Results: The meta-analysis revealed the severity of liver fibrosis was significantly higher in CHC patients with PNPLA3 rs738409 GG in Caucasians (versus CC+CG: OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.57 to 3.35; p<0.05) but not Asian populations. In Caucasians, liver steatosis was also more severe in CHC patients with rs738409 GG (versus CC+CG; OR, 4.33; 95% CI, 2.59 to 7.22; p<0.05). The sensitivity analysis indicated the results of this meta-analysis were stable and no publication bias was detected. Conclusions: PNPLA3 rs738409 (C>G) was associated with the risk of both advanced liver fibrosis and steatosis in patients with CHC, especially among Caucasian populations. (Gut Liver 2016;10:456-463)

Cyclooxygenase-2 Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Jun Wang,Xufeng Guo,Jixiang Zhang,Jia Song,Mengyao Ji,Shijie Yu,Jing Wang,Zhuo Cao,Weiguo Dong 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.6

Purpose: Four polymorphisms, -765G>C, -1195G>A, 8473T>C, and Val511Ala, in the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene were identified to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, the results are inconsistent. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between these four polymorphisms and the risk of CRC. Materials and Methods: All eligible case-control studies published up to December 2012 on the association between the four polymorphisms of COX-2 and CRC risk were identified by searching PubMed and Web of Science. The CRC risk associated with the four polymorphisms of the COX-2 gene was estimated for each study by odds ratio (OR) together with its 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. Results: A total of 15 case-control studies were included. Overall, no evidence has indicated that the -1195A allele, -765C allele, 8473C allele, and 511Ala allele are associated with susceptibility to CRC (-1195G>A: OR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.82-1.51, p=0.78; -765G>C: OR=1.08, 95% CI: 0.96-1.21, p=0.07; 8473T>C: OR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.89-1.18, p=0.91; Val511Ala:OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.46-1.09, p=0.94). However, stratified analysis with ethnicity indicated that individuals with -765GC or GC/CC genotypes had an increased risk of CRC among Asian populations (GC vs. GG: OR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.87-1.28, p=0.03; GC+CC vs. GG: OR=1.08, 95% CI: 0.96-1.21, p=0.07). Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that -765G>C polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to CRC in Asian populations.

Rhizosphere Inhibition of Cucumber Fusarium Wilt by Different Surfactinexcreting Strains of Bacillus subtilis

Jia, Ke,Gao, Yu-Han,Huang, Xiao-Qin,Guo, Rong-Jun,Li, Shi-Dong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.2

Bacillus subtilis B006 strain effectively suppresses the cucumber fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc). The population dynamics of Foc, strain B006 and its surfactin over-producing mutant B841 and surfactin-deficient mutant B1020, in the rhizosphere were determined under greenhouse conditions to elucidate the importance of the lipopeptides excreted by these strains in suppressing Foc. Results showed that B. subtilis strain B006 effectively suppressed the disease in natural soil by 42.9%, five weeks after transplanting, whereas B841 and B1020 suppressed the disease by only 22.6% and 7.1%, respectively. Quantitative PCR assays showed that effective colonization of strain B006 in the rhizosphere suppressed Foc propagation by more than 10 times both in nursery substrate and in field-infected soil. Reduction of Foc population at the cucumber stems in a range of $0.96log_{10}ng/g$ to $2.39log_{10}ng/g$ was attained at the third and the fifth weeks of B006 treatment in nursery substrate. In field-infected soil, all three treatments with B. subtilis suppressed Foc infection, indicated by the reduction of Foc population at a range of $2.91log_{10}ng/g$ to $3.36log_{10}ng/g$ at the stem base, one week after transplanting. This study reveals that the suppression of fusarium wilt disease is affected by the effective colonization of the surfactin-producing B. subtilis strain in the rhizosphere. These results improved our understanding of the biocontrol mechanism of the B. subtilis strain B006 in the natural soil and facilitate its application as biocontrol agent in the field.

Physicochemical and Sensory Characterization of Ginger-juice Yogurt during Fermentation

Guo-Hao Yang,Jun-Jun Guan,Jin-Shui Wang,Haicheng Yin,Fa-Dong Qiao,Feng Jia 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.6

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a ginger (Zingiber ofcinale) juice addition to milk on the physicochemical and sensory properties and consumer acceptability of yogurt during fermentation. Under the presence of ginger juice at 2.0 to 10.0%(v/v), there was a significant influence (p<0.05) on the viability of characteristic microorganisms in yogurt,the pH, titratable acidity (ºSH), viscosity, and hardness of the products. The descriptive data showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the samples for all attributes. The consumer results from external preference mapping indicated that samples with the lower ginger juice (≤4%)were liked over the higher samples (≥6%), with a negative impact on the acceptance by the consumers. Therefore,these findings suggest that 4%(v/v) may be the more appropriate content of ginger juice in the preparation of ginger-juice yogurt.

Comparison of Apixaban and Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Preventing Deep Venous Thrombosis after Total Knee Arthroplasty in Older Adults

Ting Guo,Jian-ning Zhao,Hui Jiang,Jia Meng,Yi-cun Wang,Jun Wang,Yang Qiu,Hao Ding 연세대학교의과대학 2019 Yonsei medical journal Vol.60 No.7

Purpose: To compare the effect of apixaban and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the prevention and treatment of deepvenous thrombosis (DVT) after total knee arthroplasty in older adult patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 220 patients (average age of 67.8±6.4 years) undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomlyselected as research subjects and were divided into apixaban and LMWH groups (110 in each group). Results: The incidence of DVT was lower in the apixaban group than in the LMWH group (5.5% vs. 20.0%, p=0.001). Activatedpartial thromboplastin times (35.2±3.6 sec vs. 33.7±2.2 sec, p=0.010; 37.8±4.6 sec vs. 34.1±3.2 sec, p<0.001; 39.6±5.1 sec vs. 35.7±3.0sec, p=0.032) and prothrombin times (14.0±1.0 sec vs. 12.8±0.9 sec, p<0.001; 14.5±1.2 sec vs. 13.0±1.1 sec, p<0.001; 15.3±1.4 sec vs. 13.2±1.3 sec, p=0.009) in the apixaban group at 1 week after surgery, 3 weeks after surgery, and the end of treatment were higherthan those in the LMWH group. Platelet and fibrinogen levels in the apixaban group were lower than those of the LMWH group. Also, capillary plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation in the apixaban group at 1 week after surgery, 3 weeks after surgery,and the end of treatment were lower than those in the LMWH group. Conclusion: Apixaban, which elicits fewer adverse reactions and is safer than LMWH, exhibited better effects in the preventionand treatment of DVT after total knee arthroplasty in older adults.

Ginsenoside-Rh2 Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Gastric Cancer SGC-7901 Side Population Cells

Qian, Jun,Li, Jing,Jia, Jian-Guang,Jin, Xin,Yu, Da-Jun,Guo, Chen-Xu,Xie, Bo,Qian, Li-Yu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: To observed the effects of ginsenoside -Rh2 (GS-Rh2) on proliferation and apoptosis of side population (SP) human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. Materials and Methods: SGC-7901 SP and Non-SP cells were sorted by flow cytometry and assessed using the cck-8 method. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 of SP before and after the intervention was determined by Western-blotting. Results: It was found that the proliferation of SP was significantly faster than that of NSP (P<0.05). In addition, GS-Rh2 inhibited proliferation of gastric cancer SP cells, induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis, and changed the expression of BAX/Bcl-2 proteins in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05). Conclusions: With increase of GS-Rh2 dose, GS-Rh2 gradually inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 SP cells, which have high proliferation rate, through G1/G0 phase arrest, followed by apoptosis which involves the up-regulation of Bax and the down-regulation of Bcl-2.