HCV-Specific Interleukin-21+CD4+ T Cells Responses Associated with Viral Control through the Modulation of HCV-Specific CD8+ T Cells Function in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Guo-Hua Feng,Fu-Sheng Wang,Ji-Yuan Zhang,Qing-Lei Zeng,Lei Jin,Junliang Fu,Bin Yang,Ying Sun,Tianjun Jiang,Xiangsheng Xu,Zheng Zhang,Jinhong Yuan,Liyuan Wu 한국분자세포생물학회 2013 Molecules and cells Vol.36 No.4

Interleukin-21 (IL-21)+CD4+ T cells are involved in the immune response against hepatitis B virus (HBV) by secreting IL-21. However, the role of IL-21+CD4+ T cells in the immune response against chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-21+CD4+ T cells in CHC patients and the potential mechanisms. The study subjects in-cluded nineteen CHC patients who were grouped by viral load (low, < 106 RNA copies/ml, n = 8; high, > 106 RNA copies/ml, n = 11). The peripheral frequency of HCV-specific IL-21+CD4+ T cells was higher in the low viral load group and was negatively correlated with the serum HCV RNA viral load in all CHC patients. Meanwhile, IL-21+ cells accumulated in the liver in the low viral load group. In vitro, IL-21 treatment increased the expression of proliferation markers and cytolytic molecules on HCV-specific CD8+ T cells. In summary, these findings suggest that HCV-specific IL-21+CD4+ T cells might contribute to HCV control by rescuing HCV-specific CD8+ T cells in CHC patients.

P型 α-多孔 SiC. 的光致發光光潽硏究

이기환,김영유,두영뢰,우배매 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

The photoluminescence (PL) spectra from p-type a-porous silicon carbides prepared under UV photo-assisted process and under dark-current condition are investigated in detail. Emission bands with peak energies of 2.35, 2.50, 2.70, and 3.43 are resolved. The PL stability in tune and the PL difference arising from different tuning excitation energies are studied. It is found that the PL spectra of the a-porous silicon carbide depend strongly on the preparation conditions for electrochemical etching. The PL spectrum of the sample prepared under photo-assisted process has an enhancement on the lower-energy side of the emission; on the contray, another one under dark-current condition has an enhancement at the higher energy side, and the former stability is better than the latter one, and the latter PL intensity decreases with the increase of the time in the air. The reasons about these differences are discussed.

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ying-Ying Wu,Yan Feng,Yue Huang,Jie-Wen Zhang 대한신경과학회 2016 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.12 No.4

Ginsenoside Rg3 in combination with artesunate overcomes sorafenib resistance in hepatoma cell and mouse models

Ying-Jie Chen,Jia-Ying Wu,Yu-Yi Deng,Ying Wu,Xiao-Qi Wang,Amy Sze-man Li,Lut Yi Wong,Xiuqiong Fu,Zhi-Ling Yu,Chun Liang 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.3

Sorafenib is effective in treating hepatoma, but most patients develop resistance to it. STAT3signaling has been implicated in sorafenib resistance. Artesunate (ART) and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3)have anti-hepatoma effects and can inhibit STAT3 signaling in cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluatethe effects of Rg3 in combination with ART (Rg3-plus-ART) in overcoming sorafenib resistance, and toexamine the involvement of STAT3 signaling in these effects. Methods: Sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells (HepG2-SR) were used to evaluate the in vitro anti-hepatomaeffects of Rg3-plus-ART. A HepG2-SR hepatoma-bearing BALB/c-nu/nu mouse model was used to assessthe in vivo anti-hepatoma effects of Rg3-plus-ART. CCK-8 assays and Annexin V-FITC/PI double stainingwere used to examine cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Immunoblotting was employed toexamine protein levels. ROS generation was examined by measuring DCF-DA fluorescence. Results: Rg3-plus-ART synergistically reduced viability of, and evoked apoptosis in HepG2-SR cells, andsuppressed HepG2-SR tumor growth in mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that Rg3-plus-ART inhibitedactivation/phosphorylation of Src and STAT3 in HepG2-SR cultures and tumors. The combination alsodecreased the STAT3 nuclear level and induced ROS production in HepG2-SR cultures. Furthermore, overactivation of STAT3 or removal of ROS diminished the anti-proliferative effects of Rg3-plus-ART, andremoval of ROS diminished Rg3-plus-ART's inhibitory effects on STAT3 activation in HepG2-SR cells. Conclusions: Rg3-plus-ART overcomes sorafenib resistance in experimental models, and inhibition of Src/STAT3 signaling and modulation of ROS/STAT3 signaling contribute to the underlying mechanisms. Thisstudy provides a pharmacological basis for developing Rg3-plus-ART into a novel modality for treatingsorafenib-resistant hepatoma.

Effect of thermal radiation on convection heat transfer in cooling channel of photovoltaic thermal system

Shuang-Ying Wu,Ying-Ying Wu,Lan Xiao 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.8

The effect of thermal radiation on convection heat transfer in flat-box type cooling channel of photovoltaic thermal system with tilt angleof 30 degree was studied by 3D numerical simulation under constant heat flux boundary condition. The temperature contours andvelocity fields of fluid near the outlet were obtained. The variations of wall temperature and convection Nusselt number along flow directionfor all the separate walls composing the cooling channel were compared and analyzed. The results show that due to thermal radiation,the deflection of the maximum velocity region to heated top wall, together with the asymmetry of temperature field is weakened. Fornatural convection, radiation promotes the formation of multi-vortices. For mixed convection, heat transfer on all the cooling channelwalls is enhanced under the condition of lower heat flux while heat transfer on heated top wall is deteriorated when the heat flux is relativehigh. Also, pressure re-rising is promoted by thermal radiation.

Experimental study of natural convection heat transfer from a nonuniformly heated flat plate simulating PV panel

Shuang-Ying Wu,Ying-Ying Wu,Lan Xiao,Zhen Yang 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.1

In view of the characteristic of Photovoltaic (PV) conversion, an experimental study has been conducted to investigate the natural convection heat transfer from a flat plate. In order to simulate the real PV cells, three electrical heating circuits were employed to achieve a linear nonuniform heat flux boundary condition. The major parameters, such as the gradient parameter of heat flux k, tilt angle θ and heat flux q w were introduced to analyze their influence on heat transfer ability. Both the local temperature distribution and the overall trend of Nusselt number have been presented. Comparing with the uniform thermal boundary condition, the results show that the local convection heat transfer coefficient is fluctuated at the positions where heat flux has changed. When gradient parameter of heat flux increases, the difference of local convection heat transfer coefficient at the top of the plate between tilt angle θ = 0° and 90° becomes smaller. Moreover, it is observed that the gradient parameter of heat flux has a promotion effect on average convection Nusselt number at larger tilt angle, but the effect becomes complex as tilt angle is smaller. Finally, a correlation combining all significant factors has been put forward to estimate the natural convection heat transfer.

A Convenient Dual-Side Anionic Initiator Based on 2,6-Luditine/s-Butyl Lithium

Wu Bin Ying,고나영,Chen Kai Yao,곽노훈,Ruoyu Zhang,이경진,이범재 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.6

A novel convenient dual-side initiator of lutidine dianion for anionic polymerization has been investigated in terms of their initiation and propagation kinetics. This lutidine dianion could be synthesized in quantitative yields reacting commercial products of 2,6-lutidine with sec-butyl lithium without any complex organic synthesis, and could be used effectively as the dual-side initiator to synthesize polyisoprene with various molecular weights via living anionic polymerization. In addition, this lutidine dianion can produce 50% of 1.4-microstructure contents in polyisoprene which is very important for elastomeric property of polydienes. All experimental evidences showed the living property and were consistent with quantitative yields without any side reactions when the anionic living polymerization proceeded using lutidine dianion as the initiator.

Synthesis of poly[2-(3-butenyl)-2-oxazoline] with abundant carboxylic acid functional groups as a fiber-based sol–gel reaction supporter for catalytic applications

Wu Bin Ying,배기현,고나영,김수희,류삼곤,Jin Zhu,Ruoyu Zhang,이범재,이경진 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.80 No.-

Polymer-based catalysts have been of special interest because of their several advantages such as easyprocessibility. Inorganic catalyst generally have been introduced into polymer-based media to endowcatalytic activity. Surface decoration or sol–gel reaction have been performed so far, but inherent lowaffinity between organic/inorganic causes low efficiency in loading amount, resulting in low catalyticactivity. Herein, we synthesized easily processible and highly functionalizable polyoxazoline as polymernonwovenfiber-based catalytic supporter. Zr(OH)4 was grown on surface offiber-web via sol–gelreaction. The Zr(OH)4 grownfiber exhibited not only excellent mechanical properties but also effectivedecontamination efficiency against organophosphate-based toxic agents.

Deciphering some demonstrative pronouns in Khitan Small Script

( Wu Ying Zhe ) 한국알타이학회 2011 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.21

During more than 80 years of study, the academic world has been able to decipher most of the Chinese borrowings among the material in the Khitan Small Script. Consequently, based on these Chinese loanwords, scholars have been able to read a number of native Khitan words, even with extreme difficulty. These words include nouns, numerals, adjectives, verbs and particles. However, there was up to now no researcher telling us which Khitan characters denote Khitan pronouns. This paper will deal with the reading of some Khitan demonstrative pronouns relying on the rules of vowel attachment and number agreement in the Khitan Small Script, introduced in my earlier research. I consider the Khitan demonstrative pronouns to be cognate of Mongolic ede ``these`` and tede ``those`` and Manchu [□r□] ``this`` and [t□r□] ``that``. The pronunciation, meaning and declension of the Khitan pronouns still remain to be explored.

Novel flexible styrenic elastomer cation-exchange material based on phenyl functionalized polystyrene-butadiene copolymer

Ying, Wu Bin,Jang, Ji Uk,Lee, Min Woo,Hwang, Taek Sung,Lee, Kyung Jin,Lee, Bumjae Elsevier 2017 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.47 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The sulfonated phenyl functionalized polystyrene-butadiene random copolymer was synthesized for application as flexible ion-exchange material. The polymer was prepared through phenyl functionalization via thiol-ene reaction and sulfonation of the base polystyrene-butadiene copolymer with different vinyl contents and phenyl contents. Sulfonation on phenyl functionalized polystyrene-butadiene copolymer was carried out in 1,2-dichloroethane at room temperature using the acetyl sulfonate as the sulfonation agent which was prepared from the reaction of acetyl acetate with sulfuric acid. The sulfonation degrees were adjusted from 7.3mol% to 24.3mol% determined by elemental analysis (EA) with great ion exchange capacity (0.60–2.26meq/g), conductivity (0.47–6.1mS/cm) and lower water uptake (5.1–12.8wt.%). These excellent characteristics lead to great potential using as the flexible ion-exchange material.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>