Construction and Validation of Brain MRI Templates from a Korean Normal Elderly Population

Hyunna Lee,ByungIl Yoo,JiWon Han,JungJae Lee,SanYeo Wool Oh,EunYoung Lee,JaeHyoung Kim,KiWoong Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.1

Objective-This study aimed to construct a Korean normal elderly brain template (KNE96) using Korean elderly individuals for use in brain MRI studies and to validate it. Methods-We used high-resolution 3.0T T1 structural MR images from 96 Korean normal elderly individuals (M/F=48/48), aged 60 years or older (M=69.5±6.2 years, F=70.1±7.0 years), for constructing the KNE96 template. The KNE96 template was validated by comparing the registration-induced deformations between the KNE96 and ICBM152 templates using different MR images from 48 Korean normal elderly individuals (M/F=24/24), aged 60 years or older (M=71.5±5.9 years, F=72.8±5.1 years). We used the magnitude of displacement vectors (mag-displacement) and log of Jacobian determinants (log-Jacobian) to quantify the deformation produced during registration process to templates. Results-The mag-displacement and log-Jacobian of the registration were much smaller using the KNE96 template than with the ICBM152 template in most brain regions. There was a prominent difference in the significant averaged differences (SADs) of the mag-displacement and log-Jacobian between the KNE96 and ICBM152 at the superior, medial, and middle frontal gyrus, the lingual, inferior, middle, and superior occipital gyrus, and the caudate and thalamus. Conclusion-This study suggests that templates constructed from Asian populations, such as the KNE96, may be more desirable than those from Caucasian populations, like the ICBM152, in computational neuroimaging studies that measure and compare anatomical features of the frontal and occipital lobe, thalamus and caudate.

Fast Three-Material Modeling With Triple Arch Projection for Electronic Cleansing in CTC

Lee, Hyunna,Lee, Jeongjin,Kim, Bohyoung,Hyung Kim, Se,Shin, Yeong-Gil IEEE 2014 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.61 No.7

<P>In this paper, we propose a fast three-material modeling for electronic cleansing (EC) in computed tomographic colonography. Using a triple arch projection, our three-material modeling provides a very quick estimate of the three-material fractions to remove ridge-shaped artifacts at the T-junctions where air, soft-tissue (ST), and tagged residues (TRs) meet simultaneously. In our approach, colonic components including air, TR, the layer between air and TR, the layer between ST and TR (L<SUB>ST/TR</SUB>), and the T-junction are first segmented. Subsequently, the material fraction of ST for each voxel in L<SUB>ST/TR</SUB> and the T-junction is determined. Two-material fractions of the voxels in L<SUB>ST/TR</SUB> are derived based on a two-material transition model. On the other hand, three-material fractions of the voxels in the T-junction are estimated based on our fast three-material modeling with triple arch projection. Finally, the CT density value of each voxel is updated based on our fold-preserving reconstruction model. Experimental results using ten clinical datasets demonstrate that the proposed three-material modeling successfully removed the T-junction artifacts and clearly reconstructed the whole colon surface while preserving the submerged folds well. Furthermore, compared with the previous three-material transition model, the proposed three-material modeling resulted in about a five-fold increase in speed with the better preservation of submerged folds and the similar level of cleansing quality in T-junction regions.</P>

Fold-Preserving Electronic Cleansing Using a Reconstruction Model Integrating Material Fractions and Structural Responses

Lee, Hyunna,Kim, Bohyoung,Lee, Jeongjin,Kim, Se Hyung,Shin, Yeong-Gil,Kim, Tae-Gong IEEE 2013 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.60 No.6

<P>In this paper, we propose an electronic cleansing method using a novel reconstruction model for removing tagged materials (TMs) in computed tomography (CT) images. To address the partial volume (PV) and pseudoenhancement (PEH) effects concurrently, material fractions and structural responses are integrated into a single reconstruction model. In our approach, colonic components including air, TM, an interface layer between air and TM, and an interface layer between soft-tissue (ST) and TM (IL<SUB>ST/TM</SUB> ) are first segmented. For each voxel in IL<SUB>ST/TM</SUB>, the material fractions of ST and TM are derived using a two-material transition model, and the structural response to identify the folds submerged in the TM is calculated by the rut-enhancement function based on the eigenvalue signatures of the Hessian matrix. Then, the CT density value of each voxel in IL<SUB>ST/TM</SUB> is reconstructed based on both the material fractions and structural responses. The material fractions remove the aliasing artifacts caused by a PV effect in IL<SUB>ST/TM</SUB> effectively while the structural responses avoid the erroneous cleansing of the submerged folds caused by the PEH effect. Experimental results using ten clinical datasets demonstrated that the proposed method showed higher cleansing quality and better preservation of submerged folds than the previous method, which was validated by the higher mean density values and fold preservation rates for manually segmented fold regions.</P>

Synergistic effects of oxygen on phosphine for the control of 6 major agricultural pests

Jaeseon Lee,Hyun Kyung Kim,Hyunna Koo,Gil-Hah Kim,Byung Ho Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04

Phosphine(PH3) is very effective fumigant and is widely used to control pests. Oxygen treatment was found to enhance phosphine toxicity and reduce fumigation time. We researched the insecticidal activities and synergistic effects of oxygen with phosphine(PH3) against on adult stage of 6 agricultural pests as Frankliniella occidentalis, F. intonsa, Pseudococcus comstocki, Planococcus citri, Myzus persicae and Tetranychus urticae. Adults F. occidentalis, F. intonsa, P. comstocki and P. citri was highly susceptible to PH3 at 2mg/L for 2h treatment. However, M. persicae and T. urticae were showed very low fumigation effects at 2mg/L for 2h treatment. These 2 pests were treated with PH3 to increase the times (16h and 20h). And we also researched the synergistic effects of PH3 under controlled atmospheres of 50% and 80% oxygen(O2). Increase of the time and atmospheric oxygen showed improving activities of the PH3 in the 2 agricultural pests. Therefore, PH3 is an effective fumigant against F. occidentalis, F. intonsa, P. comstocki and P. citri, and its synergistic effect with oxygen is effective to control M. persicae and T. urticae. PH3 with oxygen could be useful for managing the agricultural and quarantine pests.

Parallelized Seeded Region Growing Using CUDA

Park, Seongjin,Lee, Jeongjin,Lee, Hyunna,Shin, Juneseuk,Seo, Jinwook,Lee, Kyoung Ho,Shin, Yeong-Gil,Kim, Bohyoung Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 Computational and mathematical methods in medicine Vol.2014 No.-

<P>This paper presents a novel method for parallelizing the seeded region growing (SRG) algorithm using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology, with intention to overcome the theoretical weakness of SRG algorithm of its computation time being directly proportional to the size of a segmented region. The segmentation performance of the proposed CUDA-based SRG is compared with SRG implementations on single-core CPUs, quad-core CPUs, and shader language programming, using synthetic datasets and 20 body CT scans. Based on the experimental results, the CUDA-based SRG outperforms the other three implementations, advocating that it can substantially assist the segmentation during massive CT screening tests.</P>

구성 광물의 입도가 인공단층비지와 초임계 CO₂의 반응에 미치는 영향 연구

이륜규(Ryungyu Lee),이유나(Yuna Lee),송인선(Insun Song),김현나(Hyunna Kim) 대한지질학회 2022 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Fully Automatic Segmentation of Acute Ischemic Lesions on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Using Convolutional Neural Networks: Comparison with Conventional Algorithms

Ilsang Woo,Areum Lee,Seung Chai Jung,Hyunna Lee,Namkug Kim,조세진,Donghyun Kim,Jungbin Lee,선우준,Dong-Wha Kang 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.8

Objective: To develop algorithms using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic segmentation of acute ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and compare them with conventional algorithms, including a thresholding-based segmentation. Materials and Methods: Between September 2005 and August 2015, 429 patients presenting with acute cerebral ischemia (training:validation:test set = 246:89:94) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, which was performed under Institutional Review Board approval. Ground truth segmentations for acute ischemic lesions on DWI were manually drawn under the consensus of two expert radiologists. CNN algorithms were developed using two-dimensional U-Net with squeeze-and-excitation blocks (U-Net) and a DenseNet with squeeze-and-excitation blocks (DenseNet) with squeeze-and-excitation operations for automatic segmentation of acute ischemic lesions on DWI. The CNN algorithms were compared with conventional algorithms based on DWI and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) signal intensity. The performances of the algorithms were assessed using the Dice index with 5-fold cross-validation. The Dice indices were analyzed according to infarct volumes (< 10 mL, ≥ 10 mL), number of infarcts (≤ 5, 6–10, ≥ 11), and b-value of 1000 (b1000) signal intensities (< 50, 50–100, > 100), time intervals to DWI, and DWI protocols. Results: The CNN algorithms were significantly superior to conventional algorithms (p < 0.001). Dice indices for the CNN algorithms were 0.85 for U-Net and DenseNet and 0.86 for an ensemble of U-Net and DenseNet, while the indices were 0.58 for ADC-b1000 and b1000-ADC and 0.52 for the commercial ADC algorithm. The Dice indices for small and large lesions, respectively, were 0.81 and 0.88 with U-Net, 0.80 and 0.88 with DenseNet, and 0.82 and 0.89 with the ensemble of U-Net and DenseNet. The CNN algorithms showed significant differences in Dice indices according to infarct volumes (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The CNN algorithm for automatic segmentation of acute ischemic lesions on DWI achieved Dice indices greater than or equal to 0.85 and showed superior performance to conventional algorithms.

Efficacy and Safety of a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler in Older Asthmatics: Comparison to a Dry Powder Inhaler in a 12-Week Randomized Trial

Seong-Dae Woo,Young Min Ye,Youngsoo Lee,So-Hee Lee,Yoo Seob Shin,Joo Hun Park,Hyunna Choi,Hyun-Young Lee,Hyun-Jung Shin,박해심 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.3

Purpose: Asthma control in older asthmatics is often less effective, which may be attributed to small airway dysfunction and poor inhalation technique. We compared the efficacy of 2 inhalers (fluticasone propionate/formoterol treatment using a pressurized metered-dose inhaler [p-MDI group] vs. fluticasone propionate/salmeterol treatment using a dry powder inhaler [DPI group]) in older asthmatics. Methods: We conducted a 12-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-designed trial in older patients (over 55 years old) with moderate-to-severe asthma, and compared the efficacy and safety for asthma control between the 2 groups. Subgroup analyses on disease duration and air trapping were performed. Clinical parameters, including changes in lung function parameters, inhaler technique and adherence, were compared with monitoring adverse reactions between the 2 groups. Results: A total of 68 patients underwent randomization, and 63 (30 in the p-MDI group and 33 in the DPI group) completed this study. The p-MDI group was non-inferior to the DPI group with regard to the rate of well-controlled asthma (53.3% vs. 45.5%, P < 0.001; a predefined non-inferiority limit of 17%). In subgroup analyses, the proportion of patients who did not reach well-controlled asthma in the p-MDI group was non-inferior to that in the DPI group; the difference was 12.7% among those with a longer disease duration (≥ 15 years) and 17.5% among those with higher air-trapping (RV/TLC ≥ 45%), respectively (a predefined non-inferiority limit of 17%, P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in lung function parameters, inhalation techniques, adherence and adverse reactions between the 2 groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that the p-MDI group may be comparable to the DPI group in the management of older asthmatics in aspects of efficacy and safety.

스마트폰 어플리케이션의 구강보건교육 활용 방안을 위한 환자의 인식 및 요구도

박은지(Eunji Park),박인선(Inseon Park),이진민(Jinmin Lee),이용탁(Yongtak Lee),임다이(Dai Lim),조현나(Hyunna Cho),김수진(Sujin Kim),이선미(Sunmi Lee) 대한치과의료관리학회 2014 대한치과의료관리학회지 Vol.2 No.1

A Retrospective Study of Clinical Response Predictors in Subcutaneous Allergen Immunotherapy With House Dust Mites for Allergic Rhinitis

Lee, Ji-Ho,Kim, Su-Chin,Choi, Hyunna,Jung, Chang-Gyu,Ban, Ga-Young,Shin, Yoo Seob,Nahm, Dong-Ho,Park, Hae-Sim,Ye, Young-Min The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical 2018 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.10 No.1

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>House dust mites (HDM) are major allergens that cause allergic rhinitis (AR). Allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) has been shown to be clinically beneficial in many clinical trials. Such trials, however, are not reflective of all patient populations. The aim of this study was to describe the efficacy and safety of SCIT in routine clinical practice in Korean adults with AR sensitized to HDM.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We reviewed medical records of 304 patients with AR treated at an allergy clinic of a tertiary hospital using SCIT with aluminum hydroxide-adsorbed allergen extract targeting HDM alone or with pollens for at least 1 year from 2000 to 2012. Patients with asthma were excluded. Rates of remission, defined as no further requirement of maintenance medication, over time were determined by means of life tables and extension of survival analysis. Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels to HDM were categorized into 6 classes.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The mean time until achieving remission was 4.9±0.1 years, and the cumulative incidence of remission from AR was 76.6%. Severe AR (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23-0.69; <I>P</I>=0.001), specific IgE levels to HDM ≥17.5 kU/L (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.01-3.37; <I>P</I>=0.045), and duration of immunotherapy ≥3 years (OR, 7.37; 95% CI, 3.50-15.51; <I>P</I><0.001) were identified as significant predictors of clinical remission during SCIT for patients with AR sensitized to HDM. Overall, 73 patients (24.0%) experienced adverse reactions to SCIT, and only 1 case of anaphylaxis (0.3%) developed.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>SCIT with HDM was found to be effective and safe for patients with AR. Specific IgE levels to HDM and a duration of SCIT ≥3 years may be predictors of clinical responses to SCIT in AR patients.</P>