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정종철,김성범,서지훈,송민석,전창훈,최세훈,김현민 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.4
Various surgical approaches to the orbits have been used. But the transconjunctival approach, also called the inferior fornix incision, provides adequate access to the orbital floor with esthetic results. Additionally, transconjunctival approach with lateral canthotomy allows more wide surgical field and good access to the orbital area. Generally, preseptal approach is more used rather than postseptal approach in the transconjunctival incision for the prevention of fat herniation during surgery. There are some complications in transconjunctival approaches but these complications can be prevented with careful surgical techniques. We report clinical results in 12 patients who were treated by preseptal transconjunctival incision with lateral canthotomoy for the treatment of orbital trauma. We were satisfied with this technique for reduction and reconstruction of the orbital trauma and we could also observe relatively good esthetic results.
Long-term Repeated Fed-batch Ethanol Fermentation in Aerated Condition
Seo, Hyeon-Beom,Yeon, Ji-Hyeon,Chung, Myung-Hoon,Kang, Do-Hyung,Lee, Hyeon-Yong,Jung, Kyung-Hwan 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.2
In this study, we attempted to assess the process stability of long-term fed-batch ethanol fermentation in the absence and presence of aeration (0.33 vvm). To examine the effect of aeration, a long-term repeated fed-batch operation was conducted for 396 h to mimic a long-term industrial bioethanol production process. In this long-term repeated fed-batch ethanol fermentation experiments, withdrawal-fill operation were conducted every 36 h for 10 repeat cycles. The whole operation was stably sustained in a quasi-steady state. The average maximal cell concentration and the average maximal ethanol production during operation were increased by 81.63 and 12.12%, respectively, when aeration was used. In addition, since aeration was carried out, the average ethanol yield slightly decreased by 4.03% and the average specific ethanol production rate decreased by 46.75% during operation. However, the average ethanol productivity increased by 17.53% when aeration was carried out. After 396 h of long-term repeated fed-batch ethanol fermentation, 1,908.9 g of ethanol was cumulatively produced when aeration was used, which was 12.47%, higher than when aeration was not used (1,697.2 g). Meanwhile, glycerol production was greatly decreased during long-term repeated fed-batch ethanol fermentation, in which the glycerol concentration in the culture broth decreased from about 34~15 g/L. Thus, we can conclude that cell growth was greatly improved by overcoming ethanol inhibition and glycerol production was remarkably decreased when aeration was carried out, although aeration in ethanol fermentation decreased the specific ethanol production rate and ethanol yield.
Aeration Alleviates Ethanol Inhibition and Glycerol Production during Fed-batch Ethanol Fermentation
Hyeon-Beom Seo,Ji-Hyeon Yeon,Myung Hoon Jeong,강도형,Hyeon-Yong Lee,정경환 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.5
In this study, we investigated the effects of aeration on ethanol inhibition and glycerol production during fed-batch ethanolfermentation. When aeration was conducted at 0.13, 0.33, and 0.8 vvm, the ethanol productivity, specific ethanol productionrate, and ethanol yield in the presence of greater than 100 g/L of ethanol were higher than when aeration was notconducted. In addition, estimation of the parameters (α and β) in a model equation of ethanol inhibition kinetics indicatedthat aeration alleviated ethanol inhibition against the specific growth rate and the specific ethanol production rate. Specifically,when aeration was conducted, the glycerol yield and specific glycerol production rate decreased approximately50 and 70%, respectively. Finally, the results of this study indicated that aeration during fed-batch ethanol fermentationmay improve the ethanol concentration in the final culture broth, as well as the ethanol productivity
Hyeon-Beom Seo,Seung Seop Kim,Hyeon-Yong Lee,정경환 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.5
In this study, we utilized a unique strategy for fed-batch fermentation using ethanol-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisae toachieve a high-level of ethanol production that could be practically applied on an industrial scale. During this study, theaeration rate was controlled at 0.0, 0.13, 0.33, and 0.8 vvm to determine the optimal aeration conditions for the productionof ethanol. Additionally, non-sterile glucose powder was fed during fed-batch ethanol fermentation and corn-steepliquor (CSL) in the medium was used as an organic N-source. When aeration was conducted, the ethanol productionand productivity were superior to that when aeration was not conducted. Specifically, the maximum ethanol productionreached approximately 160 g/L, when the fermentor was aerated at 0.13 vvm. These findings indicate that the use of amuch less expensive C-source may enable the fermentation process to be directed towards the improvement of overallethanol production and productivity in fermentors that are aerated at 0.13 vvm. Furthermore, if a repeated fed-batchprocess in which the withdrawal and fill is conducted prior to 36 h can be employed, aeration at a rate of 0.33 and/or 0.8vvm may improve the overall ethanol productivity