새조개 처리동결 가공부산물을 이용한 페이스트 젓갈의 품질 및 저장안정성

손정호,강훈이,김명희,하정자,강동수,조영철 여수대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.11 No.2

A fermented squeezed-type paste was manufactured for the purpose of effective utilization of cockle shell by-product, and their rheological properties, texture and storage stability were investigated. The contents of moisture, portein, lipid, carbohydrate and ash in the fermented product were 57.7%, 3.2%, 2.4%, 17.6% and 19.3%, respetively. When storage at 90 days, the contents of chemical composition were little changed. During the storage period, pH and salinity were 6.3~6.6 and 20.3~20.65%. And the product was stable for the storage of 60 days at 23±3℃ on bacterial growth. The major free amino acid in the product were glutamic acid, lysine, leucine, valine and aspartic acid. And during the storage period, orders and contents of amino acid composition were not changed compared with 0 day storage. Thus, fermented squeeze-type cockle shell by-product paste were stable that decomposition was not continued at storage period.

상하악 전치부 치열궁 형태에 대한 새로운 접근 : 한국성인 정상교합자 모델에서

하만희,손우성,양훈철 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.3

상하악 전치부 치열은 치아의 형태 변위, 선천결손 등에 의해 종종 교합관계나 심미성에 문제점을 나타내게 된다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 임상의는 전치부 비율을 진단시 이용하게 되나, 치열중 형태, 견치간 폭경(intercanine width), 치열궁 장경(segment depth)과 치열중 둘레(arch perimeter)에 따른 전치부 비율의 변화로 인해 이러한 비율을 전치부 교합관계 예측에 직접 적용하는데는 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국성인 정상교합자 모델(남자 : 20쌍, 여자 : 20쌍)에서 상하악 전치부 치열궁 형태를 least square method로 조사하였다. 한국인 정상교합자의 상하악 전치부 치열궁 형태는 다항 함수(polynomial function), 베타 함수(beta function), 하이퍼볼릭 코사인 함수(hyperbolic cosine function) 순으로 곡선 접합(curve fitting)하였으며, 이러한 곡선 접합도는 남녀, 상하악에 관계없이 일정하였다. 또한 곡선접합(curve fitting)된 치열궁 형태를 바탕으로 견치간 폭경(intercanine width), 치열궁 장경(segment depth)과 치열궁 둘레(arch perimeter)간의 상관관계를 구하였다. 이러한 상관관계는 견치간 폭경에 따른 치열궁 형태 예측과 보다 정확한 전치부 비율에 대한 정보를 제공할 것이다. (주요 단어 : 전치부 치열궁 형태, 전치부 비율) Maxillary and mandibular anterior dental arches often have the problems of occlusal relation and esthetics by malformations of teeth, congenital missing, et at. Though the clinician usually use the anterior ratio to overcome this problems, he has the limitation of a direct application this ratio to the prediction of anterior occlusal relationship by the change of anterior ratio as dental arch form, intercanine width, segment depth and arch perimeter. So this study examine maxillary and mandibular anterior dental arch forms by least square method using Korean normal occlusion models(man : 20 casts, woman : 20 casts), Maxillary and mandibular anterior dental arches of Korean normal occlusion models are curve fitted to polynomial function, beta function, hyperbolic cosine function in order. And this accuracy of curve fitting is constant regardless of man/woman and maxilla/mandible. The relationships between intercanine width, segment depth, and arch perimeter based on this curve fitted dental arch form are acquired. This relationships will give the prediction of anterior dental arch form and the information of more accurate anterior ratio according to intercanine width. Key words : Anterior dental arch form, Anterior ratio

구치의 경사도와 회전정도가 발치공간 폐쇄시 치근막의 응력분포와 치아의 초기이동에 미치는 영향에 대한 3차원 유한요소법적 연구 : Three dimensional finite elements study

권대우,손우성,양훈철 대한치과교정학회 2004 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.34 No.5

본 연구는 상악 제1대구치에 발치공간 폐쇄를 위한 근심력 적용시, 대구치의 근원심 경사도와 회전정도의 변화가 치근막의 응력분포와 치근막 내에서의 초기 치아이동에 어떤 변화를 야기하는지를 살펴보기 위하여 시행되었다. 상악 제1대구치와 치근막의 3차원 유한요소모델을 제작하여 20˚의 근심경사와 원심경사를 설정하고. 20˚의 근심회전과 원심회전을 설정하였다. 각각의 상황에서 치체이동을 유도하는 근심력을 가하기 위해 협면에 rigid element를 부착하고 200g의 근심력과 9:1의 countertipping 모멘트. 5:1의 counterrotation 모멘트를 부여하였다. 각각의 응력분포 및 초기이동 양상을 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 상악 제1대구치의 경사도 변화나 회전 변화를 통해 근심력 적용시 구치의 근심이동에 대한 저항의 증가를 얻을 수 없었다. 20˚의 근심경사와 20˚의 원심회전이 매우 유사한 응력분포 및 변위를 나타내었다. 20˚의 원심경사와 20˚의 근심회전도 마찬가지로 유사성을 보였다. 20˚ 근심경사 및 20˚ 원심회전된 경우 치근이 협측 아동하고 치관이 설측 이동하는 관상면 상에서의 회전경향이 발생하였다. 20˚ 원심경사 및 20˚ 근심회전된 경우 치근이 설측 이동하고, 치관이 협측 이동하는 관상면 상에서의 회전경향이 발생하였다. 경사되거나 회전된 치아에 근심력을 가해야 할 경우, 관상면상에서의 회전을 방지하기 위한 부가적인 토크 조절이 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distributions at the periodontal ligament (PDL) and displacements of the maxillary first molar when mesially directed force was applied under various molar angulations and rotations. A three dimensional finite element model of the maxillary first molar and its periodontal ligament was made. Upright position, mesially angulated position by 20˚ and distally angulated position of the same degree were simulated to investigate the effect of molar angulation. An anteriorly directed force of 200g, countertipping moment of 1,800gm-mm (9:1 moment/force ratio) and counterrotation moment of 1,000gm-mm (5:1 moment/force ratio) were applied In each situation. To evaluate the effect of molar rotation on the stress distribution, mesial-in rotation by 20˚ and the same amount of distal-in rotation were simulated. The same force and moments were applied in each situation. The results were as follows: In all situations, there was no significant difference in mesially directed tooth displacement. Also, any differences in stress distributions could not be found, in other words, there were no different mesial movements. Stress distributions and tooth displacement of the 20˚ mesially angulated situation were very similar with those of the 20° distal-in rotated situation. The same phenomenon was obserned between the 20° distally angulated situation and 20˚ mesial-In rotated situation. When the tooth was mesially angulated, or distal-in rotated, mesially directed force made the tooth rotate In the coronal plane, with its roots moving buccally, and Its crown moving lingually. When the tooth was distally angulated, or mesial-in rotated, mesially directed force made the tooth rotate in the coronal plane, with its roots moving lingually, and its crown moving buccally. When force Is applied to an angulated or rotated molar, the orthodontist should understand that additional torque control is needed to prevent unwanted tooth rotation in the coronal plane.

분절호선법으로 상하악 절치부 압하 시 순측경사도가 미치는 영향에 관한 3차원 유한요소법적 연구

김동우,양훈철,김기태,김성식,손우성 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 상하악 절치부의 압하를 도모하기 위한 장치의 하나인 분절호선장치를 사용하여 절치부의 순측경사에 따른 저항중심의 위치와 변화양상, 그리고 치축경사 개선과 압하를 동시에 이루기 위해 필요한 최소 후방 견인력의 크기 및 변화양상을 알아보기 위하여 3차원 유한요소법을 이용하여 시행되었으며 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 치축 경사도의 변화에 따른 상악 절치부 저항중심은 1) 정상 치축경사를 가진 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 6mm에 위치하였다. 2) 순측경사가 10˚ 증가된 경우에서 측절치 브라켓의 원심면 후방 9mm에 위치하였다. 3) 순측경사가 20˚ 증가된 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 12mm에 위치하였다. 4) 순측경사가 30˚ 증가된 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 16mm에 위치하였다. 2. 치축 경사도의 변화에 따른 하악 절치부 저항중심은 1) 정상 치축경사를 가진 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 10mm에 위치하였다. 2) 순측경사가 10˚ 증가된 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 13mm에 위치하였다. 3) 순측경사가 20˚ 증가된 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 15mm에 위치하였다. 4) 순측경사가 30˚ 증가된 경우에서 측절치 브라켓 원심면 후방 18mm에 위치하였다. 3. 응력 분포 양상은 1) 각 저항중심에서 압하력을 가한 경우에 치주인대에 균일한 압축응력을 나타내었다. 2) 후방 견인력을 동시에 적용한 경우에 순측경사가 증가할수록 응력분포 양상이 복잡해지는 양상을 보였다. 4. 상하악 절치부가 20˚까지 순측경사된 경우에서 pure intrusion을 위하여 필요한 후방 견인력의 크기도 증가하였다. This study was designed to investigate the position of anteroposterior center of resistance for genuine intrusion and the mode of change of the minimum distal force for simultanous intrusion and retraction of the upper and lower incisors according to the increase of labial inclination. For this purpose, we used the three-piece intrusion arch appliance and three-dimensional finite element models of upper and lower incisors. 1. Positions of the center of resistance in upper incisors according to the increase of the labial inclination were as follows; 1) In normal inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 6mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 2) In 10˚ increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 9mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 3) In 20˚ increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 12m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 4) In 30˚ increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 16m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 2. Positions of the center of resistance in lower incisors according to the increase of the labial inclination were as follows; 1) In normal inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 10mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 2) In 10˚ increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 13mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 3) In 20˚ increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 15m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 4) In 30˚ increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 18m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 3. The patterns of stress distribution were as follows; 1) There were even compressive stresses in and periodontal ligament when intrusion force was applied through determined center of resistance. 2) There were gradual increase of complexity in compressive stress distribution pattern with increase of the labial inclination when intrusion and retraction force were applied simultaneously. 4. With increase of the labial inclination of the upper and lower incisors, the position of the center of resistance moved posteriorly. And the distal force for pure intrusion was increased until 20˚ increase of the labial inclination.

STREAMING CIRCUMNUCLEAR GAS OF THE SEYFERT 2 GALAXY NGC 5728

Son, Dong-Hoon,Hyung, Siek,Lee, Seong-Jae,Ferruit, Pierre The Korean Astronomical Society 2009 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.42 No.5

We investigated the circumnuclear region of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5728, using the CFHT 3.6 m OASIS $[S_{II}]$, $[O_{III}]$ & $H\beta$ spectral images complemented with the IUE spectra. The physical condition of the circumnuclear zone has been derived: the gas density (indicated by $[S_{II}]$6716/31 ratio) around the C core is generally similar to that around the NW core, i.e., $\sim500cm^{-3}$. However, there appears to be evidence of a higher density shell in front of the NW core, $\sim10^4cm^{-3}$ at -250 km $s^-1$. The IUE $Si_{III}$]1892/$C_{III}$]1909 ratio implies a possible presence of a broad emission region of gas densities of $\sim10^{10}cm^{-3}$. The SE cone and surrounding area show several prominent features, while the NW cone does not show any particular structure: we identified three prominent blobs in the SE cone and one possible candidate in the NW cone. The outflow activities exist within the relatively large conic opening angle. We discussed the possibility of inflow or outflow activities of blobs found in the circumnuclear region of NGC 5728. The gas around two cores, two cones, and several blobs, is likely to be excited by the AGN hot source(s).

The Excitation of CS in the Comet Hyakutake

Son, Dong-Hoon,Kim, Sang-Joon 한국우주과학회 1999 한국우주과학회보 Vol.8 No.2

Sulforaphane prevents dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy via regulation of the Akt/Foxo1 axis in C2C12 myotubes

Son, Young Hoon,Jang, Eun Jeong,Kim, Young Woo,Lee, Ju-Hee EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.95 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Muscle atrophy occurs in various catabolic conditions, including hormone imbalance, severe injury, sepsis, cancer, and aging. Dexamethasone (DEX) is a synthetic glucocorticoid and is used an anti-inflammatory agent. However, when chronically used, it is accompanied by side effects, such as, muscle atrophy, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. In this study, we investigated the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on DEX-induced muscle atrophy and the underlying mechanisms involved. DEX induced muscle atrophy was accompanied by increased muscle specific ubiquitin E3 ligase markers, such as, Atrogin-1 and myostatin, and decreased MyoD in C2C12 myotubes. To investigate the role played by SFN in DEX-induced muscle atrophy, we quantified mRNA levels of muscle atrophy markers, protein synthesis using a puromycin incorporation assay, protein degradation by ubiquitination, and myotube diameters by PAS staining in C2C12 myotubes co-treated with DEX and SFN. Interestingly, SFN effectively prevented myostatin and Atrogin-1 mRNA upregulations by DEX, increased the mRNA level of MyoD, and consequently, reduced protein degradation. Furthermore, SFN enhanced protein synthesis through a Foxo-dependent pathway by activating Akt, and thus, increased myotube diameters. These results show SFN inhibits DEX-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes via Akt/Foxo signaling.</P>

Postmortem mRNA Expression Patterns in Left Ventricular Myocardial Tissues and Their Implications for Forensic Diagnosis of Sudden Cardiac Death

Son, Gi Hoon,Park, Seong Hwan,Kim, Yunmi,Kim, Ji Yeon,Kim, Jin Wook,Chung, Sooyoung,Kim, Yu-Hoon,Kim, Hyun,Hwang, Juck-Joon,Seo, Joong-Seok Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.3

Sudden cardiac death (SCD), which is primarily caused by lethal heart disorders resulting in structural and arrhythmogenic abnormalities, is one of the prevalent modes of death in most developed countries. Myocardial ischemia, mainly due to coronary artery disease, is the most common type of heart disease leading to SCD. However, postmortem diagnosis of SCD is frequently complicated by obscure histological evidence. Here, we show that certain mRNA species, namely those encoding hemoglobin A1/2 and B (Hba1/2 and Hbb, respectively) as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4), exhibit distinct postmortem expression patterns in the left ventricular free wall of SCD subjects when compared with their expression patterns in the corresponding tissues from control subjects with non-cardiac causes of death. Hba1/2 and Hbb mRNA expression levels were higher in ischemic SCD cases with acute myocardial infarction or ischemic heart disease without recent infarction, and even in cardiac death subjects without apparent pathological signs of heart injuries, than control subjects. By contrast, Pdk4 mRNA was expressed at lower levels in SCD subjects. In conclusion, we found that altered myocardial Hba1/2, Hbb, and Pdk4 mRNA expression patterns can be employed as molecular signatures of fatal cardiac dysfunction to forensically implicate SCD as the primary cause of death.

SALAD: Achieving Symmetric Access Latency with Asymmetric DRAM Architecture

Son, Young Hoon,Cho, Hyunyoon,Ro, Yuhwan,Lee, Jae W.,Ahn, Jung Ho IEEE 2017 IEEE computer architecture letters Vol.16 No.1

<P>Memory access latency has significant impact on application performance. Unfortunately, the random access latency of DRAM has been scaling relatively slowly, and often directly affects the critical path of execution, especially for applications with insufficient locality or memory-level parallelism. The existing low-latency DRAM organizations either incur significant area overhead or burden the software stack with non-uniform access latency. This paper proposes SALAD, a new DRAM device architecture that provides symmetric access latency with asymmetric DRAM bank organizations. Since local banks have lower data transfer time due to their proximity to the I/O pads, SALAD applies high aspect-ratio (i.e., low-latency) mats only to remote banks to offset the difference in data transfer time, thus providing uniformly low access time (tAC) over the whole device. Our evaluation demonstrates that SALAD improves the IPC by 13 percent (10 percent) without any software modifications, while incurring only 6 percent (3 percent) area overhead.</P>

Thermal Annealing Effect of Subphthalocyanine (SubPc) Donor Material in Organic Solar Cells

Son, Young Hoon,Kim, Gyeong Woo,Jeon, Woo Sik,Pode, Ramchandra,Kwon, Jang Hyuk Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2012 MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS - Vol.565 No.1