강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

텔레비젼(TV)생산업체 근로자들의 영상단말기(VDT)작업이 시력과 안증상에 미치는 영향

우극현,최광서,정영연,한구웅,박정한,이종협,Woo, Kuck-Hyeun,Choi, Gwang-Seo,Jung, Young-Yeon,Han, Gu-Wung,Park, Jung-Han,Lee, Jong-Hyeob 대한예방의학회 1992 예방의학회지 Vol.25 No.3

영상단말기 (VDT)작업이 시력과 안증상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 1991년 7월에서 10월 사이에 구미시의 1개 TV생산업체에 종사하는 근로자들 가운데 채용 당시 안과적으로 문제가 없었고, 나안시력이 1.0 이상인 40세 미만 남자 338명을 대상으로 일일 평균 화면작업시간이 4시간 미만인 근로자(I군, 60명)와 4시간 이상인 근로자(II군, 204명)를 폭로군으로 하고 유사한 작업환경에서 근무하는 비화면작업자(74명)를 비폭로군으로 나누어 연령, 작업경력, 교대근무형태, 확대경 사용유무, 1일 평균 TV시청 시간 및 수면시간과 그리고 안자각증상에 대한 설문조사를 실시한 후, 안과적검사를 시행하였다. 조사시 원거리시력 (양안의 평균시력)이 채용시에 비해 0.15 이상 저하된 비율은 II군이 20.6%로 비화면작업군의 14.9 %, I군의 15.0 % 보다 다소 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차는 아니었다. 연령, 작업경력, 확대경 사용유무, 교대근무형태 등에 따라 층화하여 원거리시력 저하율을 비교해 본 결과 세 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차가 없었다. 근거리시력 저하율도 비화면작업군이 28.4 %, I군이 18.3 %, II군이 27.5 %로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 연령 등 4가지 독립변수를 층화하여 비교해 보아도 유의한 차이가 없었다. 안자각증상 호소율은 안피로를 포함한 7가지 항목에서 눈물이 나는 것을 제외한 모든 항목에서 비화면작업군에 비해 I군이, I군 보다는 II군이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 화면작업자 264명 가운데 조명이 나쁜 장소에서 일하는 근로자들의 원거리시력 저하율과 안자각증상 호소율이 조명이 좋은 작업장에서 일하는 근로자보다 더 높았다(P<0.05). 7가지 안자각증상을 각 증상 마다 늘 느끼는 경우는 2, 가끔 느끼면 1, 느끼지 않으면 0으로 점수화하여 개인별 총 안증상 점수를 구해 세 군간에 원거리시력 차이 유무별로 비교해 본 결과, 시력차 유무에 따른 평균 안자각증상 점수의 차는 없었으나 시력차 유무에 관계없이 II군의 평균 안자각증상 점수가 6.13 으로 I군(3.53) 또는 비화면작업군(3.30) 보다 훨씬 더 높았다(P<0.01). 안자각증상 점수와 유의한 상관관계를 보인 독립변수들은 화면작업시간, 확대경 사용유무, 교대근무형태 등이었고, 채용시와 조사시 원거리시력 차이, 원거리시력과 근거리시력 차이, 누액분비기능, 안압, 굴절력 등과 유의한 상관관계를 보인 독립 변수는 하나도 없었다. 안자각증상 점수를 종속변수로 하는 중선형 회귀분석 결과에서는 화면작업시간이 길수록, 단부제나 2교대 근무자보다 3교대 근무자에서 유의한 선형관계를 나타내었다(P<0.01). 본 조사에서는 1일 장시간 VDT작업으로 시력이 저하되는 것은 관찰할 수 없었고 안자각증상은 유발되는 것으로 나타났다. 안자각증상의 예방을 위해 VDT 작업장의 조명을 적절하게 유지하고 장시간 연속해서 작업하지 않도록 작업관리를 해야 할 것이다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of VDT work on eyes and vision among workers in a TV manufacturing plant. The study subjects consisted of 264 screen workers and 74 non-screen workers who were less than 40 years old male and had no history of opthalmic diseases such as corneal opacities, trauma, keratitis, etc and whose visual acuity on pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 1.0 or above. The screen workers were divided into two groups by actual time for screen work in a day : Group I, 60 workers, lesser than 4 hours a day and group II, 204 workers, more than 4 hours a day. From July to October 1992 a questionnaire was administered to all the study subjects for the general charateristics and subjective eye symptoms after which the opthalmologic tests such as visual acuity, spherical equivalent, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, slit lamp test, fundoscopy were conducted by one opthalmologist. The proportion of workers whose present visual acuity was decreased more than 0.15 in comparison with that on the pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 20.6% in Group II. 15.0% in Group I and 14.9% in non-screen workers. However, the differences in proportion were not statistically significant. The proportion of workers with decreased visual acuity was not associated with the age, working duration, use of magnifying glass and type of shift work (independent variables) in all of the three groups. However, screen workers working under poor illumination had a higher proportion of persons with decreased visual acuity than those working under adequate illumination (P<0.05) . The proportion of workers whose near vision was decreased was 27.5% in Group II, 18.3% in Group I, and 28.4% in non-screen workers and these differences in proportion were not statistically significant. Changes of near vision were not associated with 4 independent variables in all of the three groups. Six out of seven subjective eye symptoms except tearing were more common in Group I than in non-screen workers and more common in Group II than in Group I (P<0.01). Mean of the total scores for seven subjective symptoms of each worker(2 points for always, 1 point for sometimes, 0 point for never) was not significantly different between workers with decreased visual acuity and workers with no vision change. However, mean of the total scores for Group II was higher than those for the Group I and non-screen workers (P<0.01). Total eye symptom scores were significantly correlated with the grade of screen work, use of magnifying glass, and type of shift work. There was no independent variable which was correlated with the difference in visual acuity between the pre-employment health examination and the present state, the difference between far and near visions, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, and spherical equivalent. Multiple linear regression analysis for the subjective eye symptom scores revealed a positive linear relationship with actual time for screen work and shift work(P<0.01). In this study it was not observed that the VDT work decreased visual acuity but it induces subjective eye symptoms such as eye fatigue, blurred vision, ocular discomfort, etc. Maintenance of adequate illumination in the work place and control of excessive VDT work are recommended to prevent such eye symptoms.

서울 시내 커피전문점에서 판매되는 커피의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화성 비교

서한석,김수희,황인경 한국조리과학회 2003 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.19 No.5

The physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of commonly consumed espresso and regular coffees, at coffee shops in downtown Seoul, were investigated. Moreover, the characteristics between chain type coffee shop and owner shops were compared using t-tests. The serving temperature and volume of espresso were lower than those for regular coffees. Whereas, the pH and total acidity of espresso were higher than those for regular coffees. Coffees from chain shops, in particular, had a significantly higher pH and lower total acidity than those from owner shops. The L, a and b values of the regular coffees were higher than those of the espresso coffees. With the exception of the a value of regular coffees, all the color values of the coffees from owner shops were higher than those from the chain shops. The intensity of the brownness, soluble solid contents and total phenolic contents of the espresso coffees were about 7-8, 8-9 and 4 times higher, respectively, than those of regular coffees. In addition, the free radical scavenging capacities and antioxidant activities of the espresso coffees, using a chemiluminescence assay, were higher than those of regular coffees. Espresso coffees from chain shops, especially, had higher activities of free radical scavenging than those from owner shops. In conclusion, the characterics of coffees from chain shops were significantly different from those from owner coffee shops.

가시광을 이용한 ZnS/ZnO 상에서의 광촉매 반응에 의한 물로부터의 수소생성

서승광,윤필상,이한수,이호인 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

The pure ZnS can not absorb visible light because of its large band gap of 3.6eV. The ZnO/ZnS was obtained from partial oxidation of ZnS, and its band gap was 2.5eV where visible light can be absorbed. From XRD analysis, it was confirmed that only ZnO was formed during oxidation process but not ZnSO₄. In case of ZnO/ZnS, the quantum efficiency for the hydrogen evolution from water was 0.87% under visible light irradiation. In order to improve the interaction between ZnO and ZnS, ZnS/ZnO was prepared by precipitating ZnS on ZnO. After calcination of ZnS/ZnO, the band gap became narrow. The pure ZnO and the physically mixed ZnS-ZnO could not absorb visible light, but the ZnS-doped ZnO (ZnS/ZnO) could do. The band gap of pure ZnO was 3.2 eV and that of ZnS/ZnO was 2.5ev. The best activity was obtained when clcination temperature and time were 500 ℃ and 1 h, respectively. The quantum efficiency of ZnS/ZnO for the reaction was 3.29%.

VAR 시스템에 의한 3상 불평형 부하의 무효전력 보상에 관한 연구

서영수,김한수,김영봉,이봉주 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1989 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.8 No.-

In this paper, the way that input voltage and input line current as a control variable is provided as one unit is projected. Till now, have dealed with three phase balanced load. But, in that case, total power factor compensation is difficult, for to control each phase at unbalanced load. Therefore, in this paper suggest of the scheme that three phase unbalanced load is controlled by each phase and input total power factor is compensated unit input factor. Therefore, in this paper suggest that three phase unbalanced load is controlled and the method in compensation of unit input factor to be attended by unbalanced load. Besides, the object of control is calculating quantity for input voltage and input line current for the point at issues make to improve of control method at unbalanced load. As a result, control system of each phase could maintain as unit input total power factor has been state diviation error of 2% with unbalanced load.

忠南大 學生들의 職業觀에 關한 實態調査

韓相玉,片瑞英 충남대학교 학생생활연구소 1985 學生生活硏究 Vol.13 No.-

忠南大學校 學生들의 生活實態 調査

韓相玉,片瑞英 충남대학교 1985 學生生活硏究 Vol.12 No.-

國木田獨步 小論 : With emphasis on his naturalism 自然主義的 傾向을 中心으로

徐翰秀 東亞大學校 1984 東亞論叢 Vol.21 No.1

Kunikida Doppo's literary life was short. It lasted only ten years or so. His literary development can be devided into following three stages. 1) Stage of romantic lyric poems which often describe pastoral nature (1894~1901). 2) Stage shifting to a naturalism or realism (1902~1905). 3) Stage of naturalism(1906~1908). Works of the third stage are characterized as below. First, mood of the works seem to be corelated with the intellectuals' mood at that time, which is called a state of nil admirari. Second, typical themes he picked up are such as miserably isolated life and fruitless life. "Take no Kiod(竹の木戶)" (Bamboo Gate, 1908) and "Nirojin"(Two Elderly men, 1908); most important works of his later years, can be regarded as outcomes of these two elements mentioned before. However, they are not fully naturalism literatures because of a shortness of his understanding on the first element. In this sense, they have different relish from the works of Masamune Hakucho(正宗白島), Tokuda Shusei(德田秋聲) and so on. After all, it is not difficult to point out some literary limitation he faced on. Despite the drawback mentioned before, his intellectual technic to deal with the motif gave a strong influence on Masamune Hakucho, Mayama Seika and so on. This technic, eventually, led him to be an excellent short story writer and gave a way to form a naturalism literature in modern Japan. In this sense, Kunikida Doppo was a writer who built a bridge between Kitamura Tokoku(北村透谷) and Tayama Katai(田山花袋). He was a predecessor of naturalism literature, and most probably it owes to his aspects and sensibility towards things as well as the technic describing them.

미혼여성의 화장품구매행동을 통해 본 소비양면성에 관한 탐색적 연구

서정희,강한나 울산대학교 2006 생활과학논문집 Vol.7 No.2

미혼여성이 명품화장품 및 저가화장품을 구입하는 소비행위와 상징적인 의미를 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 울산광역시에 거주하는 20대 미혼여성 10명을 대상으로 질적연구의 한 방법인 심층면접을 실시하였다. 명품화장품의 상징적의미는 '사회적 차별성 추구', '소모품이 아닌 소장품으로서의 가치'로 나타났다. 저가 화장품에 대한 가치와 태도는 '저가가 아닌 정가화장품으로의 인식', '기초에서 색조까지 one-stop shopping 구현'으로 명명하고, 각각의 한계점을 지적하였다. 조사대상자들은 월평균 용돈과 화장품관련 지출금액과 비례해 화장품을 구해마는 것이 나리라 각 품목과 일부 제품군에 따라 양면적으로 소비하고 있었다. 이는 화장품 소비에 대한 상반적인 욕구가 동시에 존재하는 소비의 양면성을 보여준다. The purpose of this was to understand the unmarried women's ambivalence related with cosmetics consumption behavior. This study has conducted in-depth interview to understand the unmarried women's motives and psychological experiences related to luxury and low-price cosmetics. The consumption symbols of the luxuryㆍcosmetics were 'seeking of social distinctions' and 'value of collections. The attitudes about low-price cosmetics were 'regular price perception' and 'one-stop shopping from skin-care to color make-up'. The informants showed ambivalence related with cosmetics consumption. The stuffs were consisted of the luxury and low-price cosmetics.

문화관광의 개념적 범위에 관한 고찰 : 관광과 문화의 관계를 중심으로

한숙영,엄서호 한국문화관광학회 2004 문화관광연구 Vol.6 No.1

The characteristic of cultural tourism has been changed since the seventeenth century based on relationship between tourism and culture. The origin of cultural tourism is usually attributed the Grand Tour, which originated in Britain in the seventeenth century. Most of the early Grand Tourist were aristocrats for whom a trip to continental Europe was often a coda to classical education. During Romanticism, the pattern of Grand tour changed form the "Classical Grand Tour" which concentrated on the culture of the ancient classical world and Renaissance, to the "Romantic Grand Tour," with more attention devoted to romantic views of urban and rural scenery. In the aftermath, cultural motive of tourism continued to be heritage tourism focused on museums, monuments, historical sits and so on. Cultural tourism can be explained as a consequence of wider social and economic trends which mark either the period of `late modernism' or `postmodernism.' Important elements of these trends which relate to the development of cultural tourism include de-differentiation between perviously separate social and economic spheres, antiauratic phenomenon between high culture and popular culture. An important consequence of these changes is that tourism and culture are to be the same sphere.