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Antioxidant Activity of Royal Jelly Hydrolysates Obtained by Enzymatic Treatment
Hyejung Gu,In-Bong Song,Hye-Ju Han,Na-Young Lee,Ji-Yun Cha,Yeon-Kyong Son,Jungkee Kwon 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.1
Recently, research on the processing of raw functional materials with the aim of improving various physiological activities has been conducted. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of royal jelly (RJ) hydrolysates obtained from three commercial proteases. Enzyme-treated royal jelly (ERJ), in which the RJ hydrolysates were converted into easy-to-absorb shorter chain monomers through the removal of two known allergen proteins, showed no difference in the content of (E)-10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (10-HDA) or the freshness parameter and showed a significant increase in total free amino acid content. The antioxidant activity of ERJ was determined by 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and chemical assays. The ERJ showed about 80% DPPHradical scavenging activity at same concentration of ascorbic acid. The antioxidant effect of ERJ was confirmed to be due to reduction of intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-treated macrophages. Moreover, ERJ significantly increased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, these antioxidant activities of ERJ were stronger than those of non-treated RJ. These findings indicate that ERJ has high potential as an antioxidant agent for use in human and animal diets.
Anti-inflammatory and immune-enhancing effects of enzyme-treated royal jelly
Gu, Hyejung,Song, In-Bong,Han, Hye-Ju,Lee, Na-Young,Cha, Ji-Yun,Son, Yeon-Kyong,Kwon, Jungkee The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.2
Royal jelly is produced by honeybees and has been shown to be various pharmacologically active. Enzyme-treated royal jelly (ERJ) is an allergen-free form of royal jelly that has been converted to shorter easy-to-absorb chain monomers. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of ERJ on macrophages and mice. We found that ERJ altered macrophage proliferation and was protective against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced stress. The mice, fed ERJ for 4 weeks and stimulated LPS, significantly reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins-1, 6, 10, 12, and interferon gamma compared to control mice. ERJ significantly increased the proliferation of B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes, as well as the activity of natural killer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, our results indicate that ERJ has strong anti-inflammatory and immune-promoting activities and can be developed as a potential food material for prevention of inflammatory disease.
Song, In-Bong,Gu, Hyejung,Han, Hye-Ju,Lee, Na-Young,Cha, Ji-Yun,Son, Yeon-Kyong,Kwon, Jungkee Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2018 Toxicological Research Vol.34 No.2
Environmental stimuli can lead to the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is one of the risk factors for premature skin aging. Here, we investigated the protective effects of $7-MEGA^{TM}$ 500 (50% palmitoleic acid, 7-MEGA) against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage and its underlying therapeutic mechanisms in the HaCaT human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells). Our results showed that treatment with 7-MEGA prior to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced damage significantly increased the viability of HaCaT cells. 7-MEGA effectively attenuated generation of $H_2O_2$-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced inflammatory factors, such as prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), and $interleukin-1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$). In addition, cells treated with 7-MEGA exhibited significantly decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and increased expression of procollagen type 1 (PCOL1) and Elastin against oxidative stress by $H_2O_2$. Interestingly, these protective activities of 7-MEGA were similar in scope and of a higher magnitude than those seen with 98.5% palmitoleic acid (PA) obtained from Sigma when given at the same concentration (100 nL/mL). According to our data, 7-MEGA is able to protect HaCaT cells from $H_2O_2$-induced damage through inhibiting cellular oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, 7-MEGA may affect skin elasticity maintenance and improve skin wrinkles. These findings indicate that 7-MEGA may be useful as a food supplement for skin health.
In-Bong Song,Hyejung Gu,Hye-Ju Han,Na-Young Lee,Ji-Yun Cha,Yeon-Kyong Son,Jungkee Kwon 한국독성학회 2018 Toxicological Research Vol.34 No.2
Environmental stimuli can lead to the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is one of the risk factors for premature skin aging. Here, we investigated the protective effects of 7-MEGA<SUP>TM</SUP> 500 (50% palmitoleic acid, 7-MEGA) against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage and its underlying therapeutic mechanisms in the HaCaT human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells). Our results showed that treatment with 7-MEGA prior to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced damage significantly increased the viability of HaCaT cells. 7-MEGA effectively attenuated generation of H₂O₂-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibited H₂O₂-induced inflammatory factors, such as prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). In addition, cells treated with 7-MEGA exhibited significantly decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and increased expression of procollagen type 1 (PCOL1) and Elastin against oxidative stress by H₂O₂. Interestingly, these protective activities of 7-MEGA were similar in scope and of a higher magnitude than those seen with 98.5% palmitoleic acid (PA) obtained from Sigma when given at the same concentration (100 nL/mL). According to our data, 7-MEGA is able to protect HaCaT cells from H₂O₂-induced damage through inhibiting cellular oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, 7-MEGA may affect skin elasticity maintenance and improve skin wrinkles.These findings indicate that 7-MEGA may be useful as a food supplement for skin health.
Kim, Young-Eun,Lee, Minji,Gu, Hyejung,Kim, Jeongwoo,Jeong, Seongju,Yeo, Sujin,Lee, You Jeong,Im, Sin-Hyeog,Sung, Young-Chul,Kim, Hak Jae,Weissman, Irving L.,Ahn, G-One The Company of Biologists Ltd 2018 Disease models & mechanisms Vol.11 No.7
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, in which the intestinal epithelium loses its barrier function. Given the existence of the oxygen gradient in the intestinal epithelium and that inflammation further contributes to the tissue hypoxia, we investigated the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a transcription factor activated under hypoxic conditions in myeloid cells, in the progression of IBD. To do this, we utilized myeloid-specific knockout (KO) mice targeting HIF pathways, created by a Cre-loxP system with human MRP8 (hMRP8), an intracellular calcium-binding protein, as the myeloid promoter. By feeding 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to hMRP8 von Hippel Lindau (<I>Vhl</I>) KO mice, in which HIF-1α and HIF-2α are constitutively activated in myeloid cells, we found that these mice were highly susceptible to DSS-induced colitis, demonstrating greater body weight loss, increased mortality, faster onset of rectal bleeding, shortened colon length, and increased CD11b- or Gr-1-positive myeloid cells in the colon compared with wild-type (WT) mice. These parameters were restored to, if not better than, the WT levels when we examined hMRP8 <I>Hif-1a</I> KO mice upon 5% DSS feeding. hMRP8 <I>Hif-2a</I> KO mice, on the other hand, exhibited a similar degree of DSS-induced colitis to that of WT mice. Lastly, when DSS was given together with azoxymethane to induce tumorigenesis in the colon, we found that hMRP8 <I>Hif-1a</I> KO mice exhibited comparable levels of colorectal tumors to those of WT mice, indicating that HIF-1α in myeloid cells is dispensable for tumorigenesis. Collectively, our results suggest that HIF-1α activation in myeloid cells critically regulates IBD progression.</P>
A self-assembling magnetic resonance beacon for the detection of microRNA-1
Lee, Jonghwan,Kang, Hyo Jin,Lee, Yong Seung,Heo, Hyejung,Gu, Ha-Na,Cho, Sujeong,Kim, Soonhag The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.33
<P>A self-assembling magnetic resonance beacon was used to visualize the microRNA-1 expression-dependent change in magnetic resonance signal intensity.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A self-assembling magnetic resonance beacon was used to visualize the microRNA-1 expression-dependent change in magnetic resonance signal intensity. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cc10231b'> </P>