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블라지미르 나보꼬프의 소설 창작기법에 나타난 러시아문학의 전통
최건영 서울대학교 러시아연구소 1999 러시아연구 Vol.9 No.2
The aim of this paper is not to argue about metaphysical aspects in the novels of Nabokov. Nor does it aim to dismantle the uprising view that Vladimir Nabokov is first and foremost a Russian writer. What we are trying to show here instead is the 19th Russian literature or literary tradition as appears in the prose works and novelistic techniques of Vladimir Nabokov. Any study on the great tradition of the 19th century Russian literature replete with diverse literary techniques shall never be complete. The prose works of Nabokov, whether written in English or in Russian, recreates not a few aspects of the Golden Age of Russian literature, the process of which well signifies the nature of literature in the coming age. Besides Nabokov, by creating the original novelistic techniques, enriches the potentiality of the great tradition as the one which people never knew before. In this sense Nabokov is to be the continuation of the non-realism line from Pushkin-Lermontov-Gogol up to the Russian Symbolists, from which tradition he had learned a lot. We look through from his first novel Mashenka to the last novels in English Pale Fire and Ada, focusing on the novelistic techniques. We examine what Nabokov shares in common with his contemporary writers in the Soviet Union at the beginning of his career, motifs he borrowed from Pushkin or Tolstoy, and what Nabokov has created by use of the suzhet line of Evgenii Onegin in his best known novel Lolita. Different from the widespread view that Nabokov is from the literary tradition of the west and the criticisms of his novel as post-modern to the core, what we are trying to argue is the fact that he is one of the best stylists who has mastered the novelistic grammar of the 19th century Russian literature. What is more important is the originality and potentiality of Nabokovian grammar. What he reproduces by means of his own style is a world of untrodden part of the great tradition. And all through these novelistic methods, Nabokov shows what literature is to be like in the forthcoming century. He shows the meaning of language or multi-languageness in a novel, the meaning of border or borderlessness of literature, and finally the possibility of the art of language beyond place and time.
Gunn Hee Kim,안현주,Hyun-Soo Kim,Si Ra Bang,조현성,양미경,김지애 대한마취통증의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.60 No.6
Background: Endoscopic thyroidectomy was recently introduced and has been rapidly accepted by surgeons and patients. The present study was conducted to estimate and compare the incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after endoscopic thyroidectomy using two different anesthetic methods: sevoflurane based balanced anesthesia; total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Methods: Ninety nine female patients that were scheduled to undergo elective endoscopic thyroidectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled. These patients were randomly allocated to receive sevoflurane based balanced anesthesia (BA group) or propofol-remifentanil anesthesia (TIVA group). PONV was evaluated using a 4-point Likert scale, and pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS; range 0 to 100) for 0-2, 2-6, and 6-24 hours postoperatively. At 24 hours postoperatively, overall patient satisfaction regarding PONV and pain were recorded. Results: The incidence of PONV was 14.6% in the TIVA group and 51.3% in the BA group. The incidence of nausea at 0-2 and 2-6 hours postoperatively was lower in the TIVA group than in the BA group (4.2% vs. 35.9%, 6.3% vs. 23.1%, respectively), but no between-group difference was observed at 6-24 hours postoperatively (8.3% vs. 5.1%). Antiemetic usage at 0-2 and 2-6 hours was lower in the TIVA than the BA group (4.2% vs. 38.5%, 6.3% vs. 23.1%),but no between-group difference was observed for 6-24 hours (6.3% vs. 7.7%). There were no differences in pain or in patient satisfaction. Conclusions: After endoscopic thyroidectomy, total intravenous anesthesia with propofol-remifentanil is associated with less PONV during the early postoperative period (0-6 hours) than sevoflurane based balanced anesthesia.
Vertical Test of a Half-Wave Resonator at the Rare Isotope Science Project
Gunn Tae Park,Jongdae Joo,Zhongyuan Yao 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.6
A vertical test of the β = 0.12 half-wave resonator prototype at the Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) was done at TRIUMF, Canada. The design goal of Q0 = 1.9 × 109 at an accelerating gradient of Eacc = 6.3 MV/m at 2 K was achieved. Moreover, the residual resistance, the sensitivity against helium pressure fluctuations, and the Lorentz force detuning were also measured. The performance was limited by field emission at around Eacc = 8.1 MV/m. In addition to the vertical test result, the surface processing is described in this paper.
High-Speed Real-Time Monitoring of Electronic Control Units
Gunn Kim 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
A new method for monitoring Electronic Control Units deterministically at a high speed in real-time has been developed. An operating ECU generates a monitoring data packet at each execution cycle, right after completing the intrinsic control routines, only if commanded by the monitoring equipment. The monitoring data packet is transmitted through the SPI communication port on the MCU at a maximum transfer rate of 20 Mbps. The ECU operates in master mode and the monitoring equipment operates in slave mode for the high-speed synchronous serial data communication. The SPI communication supports a character length of either 8 bits or 16 bits. The monitoring equipment and ECU are connected to each other through a shielded or unshielded twisted 4-pair cable whose quality is better than CAT5, and the balanced differential interface standard RS-422 is employed between them. It is shown that the interface circuit on the ECU can be implemented simply by using three pieces of RS-422 transceiver along with a set of three resistors consisting of an impedance termination resistor and two open-line failsafe termination resistors. A monitoring data block consists of the user-defined monitoring variables, data types of which may include 8/16/32-bit signed/unsigned integer and 32-bit IEEE-754 floating-point numbers. Three examples are presented to show that this monitoring method can be applied to verify and debug the CPU firmware as well as the electronic circuit of a target embedded system in real-time when the target embedded system is analyzed with the breakthrough monitoring equipment, i.e. Digital LogicScope™.
노인 뇌동맥류 환자에서 혈관내 치료와 개두술 시 수술방법에 따른 합병증의 비교
김건희 ( Gunn Hee Kim ),정양훈 ( Yang Hoon Chung ),김명희 ( Myung Hee Kim ),정익수 ( Ik Soo Chung ),이정진 ( Jeong Jin Lee ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.4
Background: The aim of this study was to compare intraoperative and postoperative complications and clinical outcome of endovascular coiling (EVT) with neurosurgical clipping (NST) under general anesthesia in the cerebral aneurysm patients older than 60 years. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts, operative reports of patients who underwent EVT or NST at our hospital between January 2006 and August 2008. A total of 181 patients (EVT=78, NST=103) were included in this study. Results: The rate of intraoperative event was higher in EVT than in NST but postoperative complication and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 6 months did not show statically significance in both groups. Preoperative aneurysm rupture, age and the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade (WFNS) were the influencing factors for outcome in both groups. Anesthetic agents, body temperature and vasoactive drugs were significantly different between the two groups but the effects of these on the outcome of patients were insignificant. Conclusions: In EVT and NST, the variables related to the postoperative complications were preoperative aneurysm rupture, age and WFNS. When the elderly patients get these procedures, more close care should be considered postoperatively. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:460∼5)