Pre-ouzo effect derived fergusonite gadolinium ortho-niobate mesoporous nanospheroids for multimodal bioimaging and photodynamic therapy

Raju, Ganji Seeta Rama,Pavitra, Eluri,Lee, Hoomin,Nagaraju, Goli,Baskaran, Rengarajan,Yang, Su Geun,Kwak, Cheol Hwan,Nagaraju, Ganji Purnachandra,Huh, Yun Suk,Han, Young-Kyu Elsevier 2020 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.505 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Rare-earth niobate compounds are excellent nonlinear optical materials. Unlike other niobate materials, gadolinium ortho-niobate (GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>) is reported to be inert in the visible region. The synthesis of pure-phase GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB> with a definite morphology suitable for biomedical applications is still a great challenge. In this study, a novel strategy is introduced to successfully facilitate the bioavailability of GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> luminescent material by harnessing the pre-ouzo effect during the synthesis of mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheroids. Because of the materialization of GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB> nanodomains, the mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB> nanospheroids exhibit paramagnetic behaviour and allows the strong broadband excitation between 300 and 500 nm, which permits NbO<SUB>6</SUB> emissions to be obtained in the visible region, whereas Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> activated mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB> nanospheroids produce an intense red emission under UV, near-UV and visible excitations. These mesoporous nanospheroids also demonstrate excellent cellular internalization for HCT116 and SW680 colon cancer cells and work in conjunction with optical and magnetic resonance imaging for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of anatomical and physiological functions. The conjugation of chlorin e6 with mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheroids leads to efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment. Ultimately, our approach represents an advance in the use of mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheroids as multifunctional nanoprobes for multimodal imaging and PDT.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheroids were synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction method<SUB>.</SUB> </LI> <LI> The formation mechanism of mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheroids was reported. </LI> <LI> The GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB> and GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanodomains induced photoluminescence properties were investigated. </LI> <LI> The magnetic properties of GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB> and GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> mesoporous nanospheroids were established. </LI> <LI> Multimodal bioimaging and photodynamic therapy of mesoporous GdNbO<SUB>4</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> nanospheroids were demonstrated. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Application of AFF and HPM to the systems of strongly nonlinear oscillation

S.S. Ganji,D.D. Ganji,M.G. Sfahani,S. Karimpour 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.5

This study is concerned with two well-known systems of nonlinear oscillators. One of them is a system consists of a mass grounded two springs which one of those springs is linear and the other is nonlinear, and the other one is dealt with nonlinear large amplitude free vibrations of a slender cantilever beam with a rotationally flexible root and carrying a lumped mass at an intermediate position along its span. The main objective was to obtain highly accurate analytical solutions for free vibration of conservative oscillators with inertia and static type cubic nonlinearities. Two methods are studied to analyze the dynamic system behavior. One method makes use of a set of Amplitude–Frequency Formulation (AFF) and the other method applies Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). Taking advantage of some simple mathematical operations on these methods, we can obtain their natural frequencies. The computed results agree with those analytical and numerical results given in the literatures. The results indicate that the present analysis is accurate, and provide us a unified and systematic procedure which is simple and more straightforward than the other similar methods.

Structural and Luminescent Properties of Dy3+:YAP Nanophosphors

Ganji Seeta Rama Raju,Hong Chae Jung,박진영,Jong Won Chung,정중현,Se-Mo Son,Jung Hwan Kim,문병기 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.4

A series of dysprosium (Dy3+)-ion-activated YAlO3 nanophosphors were synthesized by using a solvothermal method. Thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were used to investigate the phase transformations that occur during the preparation of these phosphors. The morphology of the powder after heating at 1600 ℃ was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Luminescent studies we carried out on these compounds by using measurements of their photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra along with the decay curve. The PL spectra show two main groups of lines, one in the blue and the other in the yellow region, concentration quenching was observed at 1 mol% of Dy3+:YAP nanophosphors. The emission procedure in the system is also elucidated by using an energy level scheme.

Aromatherapy massage: a promising non-pharmacological adjuvant treatment for osteoarthritis knee pain

Ganji, Reza The Korean Pain Society 2019 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.32 No.2

Luminescence properties of Dy3+:GdAlO3 nanopowder phosphors

Ganji Seeta Rama Raju,박진영,Hong Chae Jung,Byung Kee Moon,정중현,Jung Hwan Kim 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2

Different concentrations of dysprosium (Dy3+) doped gadolinium aluminates (GdAlO3) have been newly synthesized by the wet chemical route method. Very fine particles in the nanometer range could be prepared by this method, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction and SEM measurements. The XRD profile confirms their orthorhombic nature, which is well correlated with the reported results. Luminescence studies on these compounds have been carried out on the emission and excitation, along with lifetime measurements. Such luminescent powders are expected to find potential applications as new optical materials. The emission procedure in the system has also been elucidated by an energy level scheme

Teacher-correction, Peer-correction and Self-correction : Their Impacts on Iranian Students' IELTS Essay Writing Performance

Mansoor Ganji 아시아영어교육학회 2009 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.6 No.1

Aromatherapy massage: a promising non-pharmacological adjuvant treatment for osteoarthritis knee pain

Reza Ganji 대한통증학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.32 No.2

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Road Safety Evaluation using a Novel Cross Efficiency Method based on Double Frontiers DEA and Evidential Reasoning Approach

Seyedreza Seyedalizadeh Ganji,Amir Abbas Rassafi 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.2

Road crashes leading to death or severe injuries have long been a major public concern. Road safety specialists recently became interested in using decision-making methods to evaluate Road Safety Performance (RSP). In this regard, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been frequently implemented as an effective tool for analyzing RSP. It is noteworthy that RSP has always been measured by taking into account only the efficient frontier (called optimistic DEA), but RSP can also be measured based on the anti-efficient frontier (called pessimistic DEA). In addition, Cross Efficiency Method (CEM) is now known as an effective DEA-based approach for unique ranking of Decision-Making Units (DMUs). CEM typically uses a linear average method to aggregate target DMUs, which does not reflect the preference structure of Decision Makers (DMs). It was recently argued that a nonlinear method of aggregation, Evidential Reasoning Approach (ERA), can appropriately reflect DM's preference structure. Therefore, this study aims to present a Double-Frontier CEM aggregated by ERA (called DF-CEM-ERA) in order to evaluate RSP, taking into account the DM's preference structure. To illustrate the implementation process of ERA in aggregating the cross efficiency and anti-efficiency matrices, two evaluation case studies on RSP are presented.

Azopyridine Molecular Conductor: A Superior Device for Molecular Switch Technology

Masoud Darvish Ganji 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.6

The electron transport through a single molecular conductor consisting of an azopyridine (AZP) sandwiched between Au electrodes has been investigated using the nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism combined with the DFT method. We show that when AZP converts between its trans and cis conformations, this simple molecular device switches between a strongly and a weakly conducting state. We also found that the trans isomer can exhibit novel NDR behavior which can be used as the basis of memory, switching and logic functionality. The switching behavior and NDR characteristic are rationalized by analyzing the device transmission coefficients and electronic structures.

Vehicle Safety Analysis based on a Hybrid Approach Integrating DEMATEL, ANP and ER

S. R. Seyedalizadeh Ganji,Amir Abbas Rassafi,Ali Abdi Kordani 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.11

Vehicle related safety is the principal focus of many agencies and organizations targeting road safety issues. There are many conflicting factors contributing to safety in motor vehicle operations. Unfortunately, the lack of reliable crash data makes it extremely difficult to evaluate the crash causations associated with defective vehicles. Furthermore, clarifying the interrelationships among vehicle related factors causing accidents is very complicated when the conventional decision techniques are used. This study aims to employ a hybrid decision method based on DEMATEL (decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory) and ANP (Analytic Network Process) to construct an Influence Relations Map (IRM) as well as obtain the influential weight of vehicle-related criteria. An empirical case study is provided to demonstrate the implementation process. This paper also employs an Evidential Reasoning algorithm (so-called ER) for assessing the inter-city buses in terms of vehicle safety in order to deal with the uncertainties associated with incomplete input data. The ER improves decision making process by using a belief decision matrix and the Demspster-Shafer theory of evidence. The results and findings reveal that the braking system is the most important criterion impacting vehicle safety, followed by fuel supply and electrical systems.