Effects of Combining Feed Grade Urea and a Slow-release Urea Product on Performance, Dietary Energetics and Carcass Characteristics of Feedlot Lambs Fed Finishing Diets with Different Starch to Acid Detergent Fiber Ratios

Estrada-Angulo, A.,Lopez-Soto, M.A.,Rivera-Mendez, C.R.,Castro, B.I.,Rios, F.G.,Davila-Ramos, H.,Barreras, A.,Urias-Estrada, J.D.,Zinn, R.A.,Plascencia, A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.12

Recent findings have shown that microbial nitrogen flow and digestible energy of diets are increased when urea is combined with a slow-release urea (SRU) in diets with a starch to acid detergent fibre ratio (S:F) 4:1. This affect is attributable to enhanced synchrony between ruminal N availability for microbial growth and carbohydrate degradation. To verify the magnitude of this effects on lamb performance, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of combining urea and a SRU in diets containing S:F ratios of 3:1, 4:1, or 5:1 on performance, dietary energetics and carcass characteristics of finishing lambs. For that, 40 Pelibuey${\times}$Katahdin lambs ($36.65{\pm}3kg$) were assigned to one of five weight groupings in 20 pens (5 repetition/treatments). The S:F ratio in the diet was manipulated by partially replacing the corn grain and dried distiller's grain with solubles by forage (wheat straw) and soybean meal to reach S:F ratios of 3:1, 4:1 or 5:1. An additional treatment of 4:1 S:F ratio with 0.8% urea as the sole source of non-protein nitrogen was used as a reference for comparing the effect of urea combination vs. conventional urea at the same S:F ratio. There were no treatment effects on dry matter intake (DMI). Compared the urea combination vs urea at the same S:F ratio, urea combination increased (p<0.01) average daily gain (ADG, 18.3%), gain for feed (G:F, 9.5%), and apparent energy retention per unit DMI (8.2%). Irrespective of the S:F ratio, the urea combination improved the observed-to-expected dietary ratio and apparent retention per unit DMI was maximal (quadratic effect, $p{\leq}0.03$) at an S:F ratio of 4:1, while the conventional urea treatment did not modify the observed-to-expected net energy ratio nor the apparent retention per unit DMI at 4:1 S:F ratio. Urea combination group tended (3.8%, p = 0.08) to have heavier carcasses with no effects on the rest of carcass characteristics. As S:F ratio increased, ADG, G:F, dietary net energy, carcass weight, dressing percentage and longissimus thoracis (LM) area increased linearly ($p{\leq}0.02$). Combining urea and a slow-release urea product results in positive effects on growth performance and dietary energetics, but the best responses are apparently observed when there is a certain proportion (S:F ratio = 4:1) of starch to acid detergent fibre in the diet.

Association of Metastasis with Clinicopathological Data in Mexican Patients with Osteosarcoma, Giant Cell Tumor of Bone and Chondrosarcoma

Estrada-Villaseor, E,Escamilla-Uribe, R,De la Garza-Montano, P,Dominguez-Rubio, R,Martinez-Lopez, V,Avila-Luna, A,Alfaro-Rodriguez, A,Ruvalcaba-Paredes, EK,Garciadiego-Cazares, D,Bandala, C Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Bone tumors are neoplasias with a high overall mortality; one of the main factors that reduce survival is their high capacity to develop metastases. It has been reported that finding lung metastases at diagnosis of osteosarcoma (OS), chondrosarcoma (CS) and giant cell tumor of bone (GCTb) is quite common. In this study, we inquire the relationship of metastases caused by these tumors with different clinical and pathological aspects, in order to guide medical personnel in the diagnosis and opportune treatment of metastases or micro metastases. Materials and Methods: We collected data of 384 patients with clinical, radiological and histopathological diagnosis of OS, GCTb and CS that attended the National Rehabilitation Institute (INR) during 2006 to 2014. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed for data analysis. Results: In the three tumor types, the presence of metastases at diagnosis was variable (p=0.0001). Frequency of metastases was 36.7%, 31.7% and 13.2% for OS, CS and GCTb respectively. The average age had no significant difference (p>0.05) in relation to metastases, even so, patients with OS and GCTb and metastases, were older while patients with CS and metastases were younger, in comparison to patients without metastases. Males had a higher frequency of metastases (68.2%, p = 0.09) in contrast to CS and GCTb, in which the metastases was more frequent in women with 51.9% (p = 0.44) and 57.9% (p = 0.56) respectively. Broadly, metastasis was associated with primary tumors located in the femur (44.4%), followed by the tibia (15.6%); metastases was more frequent when primary tumor of GCTb and OS were in the same bones, but were located in the hip (26.3%) for CS. Conclusions: The frequency of metastases in OS, GCTb and CS is high in our population and is determined by different clinicopathological variables related to the kind of tumor. Further studies are needed in order to evaluate metastases subsequent to diagnosis and associations with survival and clinicopathological factors, as well as to determine the sensitivity and specificity of current methods of detection.

Influence of Quaternary Benzophenantridine and Protopine Alkaloids on Growth Performance, Dietary Energy, Carcass Traits, Visceral Mass, and Rumen Health in Finishing Ewes under Conditions of Severe Temperature-humidity Index

Estrada-Angulo, A.,Aguilar-Hernandez, A.,Osuna-Perez, M.,Nunez-Benitez, V.H.,Castro-Perez, B.I.,Silva-Hidalgo, G.,Contreras-Perez, G.,Barreras, A.,Plascencia, A.,Zinn, R.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.5

Twenty $Pelibuey{\times}Katahdin$ ewes ($35{\pm}2.3kg$) were used to determine the effects of the consumption of standardized plant extract containing a mixture of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids and protopine alkaloids (QBA+PA) on growth performance, dietary energetics, visceral mass, and ruminal epithelial health in heat-stressed ewes fed with a high-energy corn-based diet. The basal diet (13.9% crude protein and 2.09 Mcal of net energy [NE] of maintenance/kg of dry matter) contained 49.7% starch and 15.3% neutral detergent fiber. Source of QBA+PA was Sangrovit RS (SANG) which contains 3 g of quaternary benzophenathridine and protopine alkaloids per kg of product. Treatments consisted of a daily consumption of 0 or 0.5 g SANG/ewe. Ewes were grouped by weight and assigned to 10 pens (5 pens/treatment), with two ewes per pen. The experimental period lasted 70 days. The mean temperature humidity index during the course of this experiment was $81.7{\pm}1.0$ (severe heat stress). There were no treatment effects on water intake. Dry matter intake was not affected (p = 0.70) by treatments, but the group fed SANG had a numerically (11.2%) higher gain in comparison to the control group, SANG improved gain efficiency (8.3%, p = 0.04), dietary NE (5.2%, p<0.01) and the observed-to-expected NE (5.9%, p<0.01). Supplemental SANG did not affect ($p{\geq}0.12$) carcass characteristics, chemical composition of shoulder, and organ weights (g/kg empty body weight) of stomach complex, intestines, and heart/lung. Supplemental SANG decreased liver weight (10.3%, p = 0.02) and increased visceral fat (16.9%, p = 0.02). Rumen epithelium of ewes fed SANG had lower scores for cellular dropsical degeneration (2.08 vs 2.34, p = 0.02), parakeratosis (1.30 vs 1.82, p = 0.03) and neutrophil infiltration (2.08 vs 2.86, p = 0.05) than controls. It is concluded that SANG supplementation helped ameliorate the negative effects of severe heat on growth performance of feedlot ewes fed high-energy corn-based diets. Improvement in energetic efficiency may have been mediated, in part, by anti-inflammatory effects of supplemental SANG and corresponding enhancement of nutrient uptake.

Care of Ostomy Patient Discharge Video (COPDV) in enhancing Non- medical Caregiver"s Self-efficacy

( Marica Estrada ),( Angeline Malgapo ),( Joanne Marie Maligaya ),( Ma Katrina Mallabo ) 한국행정학회 2016 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

Background: The increasing incidence of colorectal cancer has been a orldwide concern.The struggles and challenges of patients and their family are not only evident during the diagnosis and treatment, it continuously remains post-surgical colonic resection and discharge. The patient is sent home with a stoma that will function either as a temporary or permanent passageway of patient``s fecal wastes This condition creates a sudden change on the ostomy patient``s quality of life and an added source of overwhelming stress to their caregivers as they accept a new role of attending to their special needs. The lack of structured and comprehensive preparation among caregivers of ostomy patients were clearly identified as crucial concerns and was personally experienced by the researcher``s family Objective: This study determined the effectiveness of the Care of Ostomy Patient Discharge Video (COPDV).in enhancing the self-efficacy of non-medical caregivers of patients with ostomy at home. Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design with 30 non-medical caregivers of ostomy patients purposively chosen. A researcher-developed Care of Ostomy Patient Discharge Video (COPDV) and self-efficacy questionnaire were utilized in this study. Results: There is a significant increase in the self-efficacy scores of non-medical caregiver from 5.54 (pre-test mean score) to 9.3 (post-test mean score) using paired t-test for data analysis. Conclusion: COPDV was effective in enhancing the self- efficacy of the non- medical caregivers in the care of ostomy patients. This intervention would help them in the performance of their roles and responsibilities in assisting patients with ostomy, thus, will improve home care management.

A simple procedure to evaluate the wind-induced acceleration in tall buildings: an application to Mexico

Pozos-Estrada, Adrian Techno-Press 2018 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.27 No.5

Tall buildings are subjected to wind loading that can cause excessive wind-induced vibration. This vibration can affect the activities of the inhabitants of a building and in some cases fear for safety. Many codes and standards propose the use of curves of perception of acceleration that can be used to verify the serviceability limit state; however, these curves of perception do not take into account the uncertainty in wind-climate, structural properties, perception of motion and maximum response. The main objective of this study is to develop an empirical expression that includes these uncertainties in order to be incorporated into a simple procedure to evaluate the wind-induced acceleration in tall buildings. The use of the proposed procedure is described with a numerical example of a tall building located in Mexico.

Cupriavidus and Burkholderia Species Associated with Agricultural Plants that Grow in Alkaline Soils

Paulina Estrada-de los Santos,Nora Belinda Vacaseydel-Aceves,Lourdes Martínez-Aguilar,María Antonia Cruz-Hernández,Alberto Mendoza-Herrera,Jesús Caballero-Mellado 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.6

The presence of Burkholderia, Cupriavidus, and Ralstonia species in northeastern Mexico was investigated. An analysis of the root surrounding soil from different agricultural plants led to the isolation of Burkholderia and Cupriavidus species but no Ralstonia strains. Most Cupriavidus species were unknown and grouped into two clusters according to ARDRA profiles. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that the Cupriavidus isolates were highly related among them and with different Cupriavidus species with validated names. However, SDS-PAGE profiles were distinct among the different ARDRA profiles and to other Cupriavidus species examined, suggesting new species in the genus. This shows that Cupriavidus is more widely associated with plants than previously appreciated. The BCC isolate was 99% similar to B. cenocepacia by recA sequence analysis. Additionally, most Cupriavidus strains from the two largest groups grew on media containing up to 0.1 mg/ml of copper, 10.0 mg/ml arsenic and 1.0 mg/ml zinc. Burkholderia strains grew on media containing up to 10.0 mg/ml zinc, 5.0 mg/ml arsenic and 0.1 mg/ml copper.

A Mild Thermal Pre-treatment of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Wastes Allows High Ethanol Production by Direct Solid-state Fermentation

R. Estrada-Martínez,E. Favela-Torres,N. O. Soto-Cruz,H. B. Escalona-Buendía,G. Saucedo-Castañeda 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.2

A solid standard mixture (SSM) representing the annual composition of fresh fruits and vegetables residues generated at the Supply Center in Mexico City was used for bioethanol production. This type of residues allows bioethanol production with a single thermal pretreatment instead of hard thermochemical or enzymatic treatments. The release of fermentable carbohydrates from the SSM by a mild thermal pretreatment was firstly optimized. After that, mixed and single cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Scheffersomyces stipitis, and Schwanniomyces occidentalis were evaluated for bioethanol production. The maximum ethanol production, 282.61 ± 13.09 L ethanol per ton of dry matter (DM), was reached using a severity factor (SF) of 2.35 and a mixed culture composed of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Scheffersomyces stipitis, and Schwanniomyces occidentalis. The improved lab scale conditions were evaluated in a pilot scale (18 Kg) stirred bioreactor with an SF of 2.35 and the mixed culture, obtaining 245.72 ± 17.76 L ethanol per ton DM. The obtained results demonstrate for the first time the use of fresh fruits and vegetables residues for bioethanol production under solid-state culture conditions without any thermochemical or enzymatic pre-treatment.

Reliability of structures with tuned mass dampers under wind-induced motion: a serviceability consideration

Pozos-Estrada, A.,Hong, H.P.,Galsworthy, J.K. Techno-Press 2011 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.14 No.2

Excessive wind-induced motion in tall buildings can cause discomfort, affect health, and disrupt the daily activities of the occupants of a building. Dynamic vibration absorbers such as the tuned mass dampers (TMDs) can be used to reduce the wind-induced motion below a specified tolerable serviceability limit state (SLS) criterion. This study investigates whether the same probability of not exceeding specified wind-induced motion levels can be achieved by torsionally sensitive structures without/with linear/nonlinear TMDs subjected to partially correlated wind forces, if they are designed to just meet the same SLS criterion. For the analyses, different structures and the uncertainty in the response, wind load and perception of motion is considered. Numerical results indicate that for structures that are designed or retrofitted without or with optimum linear TMDs and satisfying the same SLS criterion, their probability of exceeding the considered criterion is very consistent, if the inherent correlation between the wind forces is considered in design. However, this consistency deteriorates if nonlinear TMDs are employed. Furthermore, if the correlation is ignored in the design, in many cases a slightly unconservative design, as compared to the designed by considering correlation, is achieved.

Aptitude Testing Design and Implementation in Public Services Interpreting Training

Denis Socarrás-Estrada,Carmen Valero-Garcés,Bianca Vitalaru 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2012 통번역학연구 Vol.16 No.1

이 실험 연구는 마드리드 알칼라 대학교 문화간 커뮤니케이션 또는 커뮤니티 통번역을 전공으로 하는 다양한 그룹의 석사 과정 학생들을 대상으로 2009~2010, 2010~2011 그리고 2011~2012(첫 시험) 동안 두 언어 조합으로 이루어진 두 종류의 통역 시험 개발 및 결과를 분석 보고한다. 학교에서 제공하는 모든 언어 조합, 즉, 아랍어, 중국어, 프랑스어, 영어, 폴란드어, 러시아어 그리고 루마니아어 대 스페인어 조합으로 매년 약 80명의 학생들에게 적용되는 이 시험은 맞춤형 구두 연습과 높은 수준의 표현력을 요구하는 시험을 결합한 형태이다. 학생들은 학기 초 먼저 의료 통번역에 대한 적성 검사를 실시하고 약 200 시간의 교육을 마친 뒤 법정 통번역에 대한 적성 검사를 실시한다. 이 실험의 주요 목적은 통역사에게 요구되는 능력, 즉, 배경지식, 기술 그리고 자세의 조합을 중심으로 교육이 학생의 통번역 기술 향상에 미치는 효과를 비교하는 것이다. 본 논문은 학생의 교육 배경, 장르, 나이, 국적, 모국어 그리고 통번역 경력 등의 변수를 고려한 정확성의 정도와 반응 속도를 분석한다. 마지막으로 이 논문은 시험의 두 가지 주요 우려 사항인 정확도와 신뢰도와 이를 평가하는 주요 방법인 질적 피드백과 학생 퍼포먼스 분석에 대해 논의한다.

Indoor Location with Context Awareness

Loberi Lopez Estrada(로베리 로페스 에스트라다),Kyoung Yong Park(박경용),Xing Fu(부성),Jeong Geun Kim(김정근) 한국통신학회 2015 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.06