Dibucaine Inhibition of Serum Cholinesterase

Elamin, Babiker Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2003 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.36 No.2

The dibucaine number (DN) was determined for serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, SChE) in plasma samples. The ones with a DN of 79-82 were used, because they had the "usual" SChE variant. The enzyme was assayed colorimetrically by the reaction of 5,5'-dithiobis-[2-nitrobenzoic acid] (DTNB) with the free sulfhydryl groups of thiocholine that were produced by the enzyme reaction with butrylthiocholine (BuTch) or acetylthiocholine (AcTch) substrates, and measured at 412 nm. Dibucaine, a quaternary ammonium compound, inhibited SChE to a minimum within 2 min in a reversible manner. The inhibition was very potent. It had an $IC_{50}$ of $5.3\;{\mu}M$ with BuTch or $3.8\;{\mu}M$ with AcTch. The inhibition was competitive with respect to BuTch with a $K_i$ of $1.3\;{\mu}M$ and a linear-mixed type (competitive/noncompetitive) with respect to AcTch with inhibition constants, $K_i$ and $K_I$ of 0.66 and $2.5\;{\mu}M$, respectively. Dibucaine possesses a butoxy side chain that is similar to the butryl group of BuTch and longer by an ethylene group from AcTch. This may account for the difference in inhibition behavior. It may also suggest the existence of an additional binding site, other than the anionic binding site, and of a hydrophobic nature.

Dibucaine Inhibition of Serum Cholinesterase

( Babiker Elamin ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.2

The dibucaine number (DN) was determined for serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, SChE) in plasma samples. The ones with a DN of 79-82 were used, because they had the usual SChE variant. The enzyme was assayed colorimetrically by the reaction of 5,5`-dithobis-[2-nitrobenzoic acid] (DTNB) with the free sulfhydryl groups of thiocholine that were produced by the enzyme reaction with butrylthiocholine (BuTch) or acetylthiocholine (AcTch) substrates, and measured at 412 nm. Dibucaine, a quaternary ammonium compound, inhibited SChE to a minimum within 2 min in a reversible manner. The inhibition was very potent. It had an IC_(50) of 5.3 μM with BuTch or 3.8 μM with AcTch. The inhibition was competitive with respect to BuTch with a K, of 1.3 μM and a linear-mixed type (competitive/noncompetitive) with respect to AcTch with inhibition constants, K, and K, of 0.66 and 2.5 μM, respectively. Dibucaine possesses a butoxy side chain that is similar to the butryl group of BuTch and longer by an ethylene group from AcTch. This may account for the difference in inhibition behavior. It may also suggest the existence of an additional binding site, other than the anionic binding site, and of a hydrophobic nature.

Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from Rats (Rattus rattus) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Maha H. Elamin 대한기생충학열대의학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.52 No.3

Clinical and Prognostic Features of Erionite-Induced Malignant Mesothelioma

Ersin Demirer,Elamin M. Elamin,Christian F. Ghattas,Mohamed O. Radwan 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.2

This review analytically examines the published data for erionite-related malignantpleural mesothelioma (E-MPM) and any data to support a genetically predisposedmechanism to erionite fiber carcinogenesis. Adult patients of age ≥18 years with erionite-related pleural diseases and genetically predisposed mechanisms to erionite carcinogenesis were included, while exclusion criteria included asbestos- or tremolite-related pleural diseases. The search was limited to human studies though not limited to a specific timeframe. A total of 33 studies (31042 patients) including 22 retrospective studies, 6 prospective studies, and 5 case reports were reviewed. E-MPM developed in some subjects with high exposures to erionite, though not all. Chest CT was more reliable in detecting various pleural changes in E-MPM than chest X-ray, and pleural effusion was the most common finding in E-MPM cases, by both tests. Bronchoalveolar lavage remains a reliable and relatively less invasivetechnique. Chemotherapy with cisplatin and mitomycin can be administered either alone or following surgery. Erionite has been the culprit of numerous malignantmesothelioma cases in Europe and even in North America. Erionite has a higher degree of carcinogenicity with possible genetic transmission of erionite susceptibilityin an autosomal dominant fashion. Therapeutic management for E-MPM remains very limited, and cure of the disease is extremely rare.

Estimated Long Term Clinical and Economic Impact of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir Compared with Daclatasvir plus Asunaprevir in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1b Infection in South Korea

( Chizoba Nwankwo ),( Shelby Corman ),( Elamin H. Elbasha ),( Sunju Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Daclatasvir (DCV) plus Asunaprevir (ASV) is one of the current direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy treatment options for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype (GT) 1b patients in Korea. Elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) is an emerging DAA therapy for patients with CHC GT1b. The objective of this analysis was to estimate and compare the impact of EBR/GZR on long-term incidence of liver- related complications compared with DCV+ASV G1b CHC treated patients in South Korea. Methods: A computer-based Markov model of the natural history of chronic HCV (CHC) genotype 1 infection was developed to estimate the cumulative incidence of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis (DC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver-related deaths over a 30-year time horizon, and disease costs. The target population was G1b CHC treatment-naive and treatment-experienced infected patients. The model consisted of 16 health states encompassing METAVIR fibrosis score (F0-F4), treatment success or failure, DC, HCC, and liver-related death. Patients were assumed to be treated with 12 weeks of EBR/GZR (regardless of the presence of cirrhosis) or 24 weeks of DCV+ASV (based on Korean treatment guidelines). The proportions of patients achieving SVR for each treatment and subpopulation were obtained from clinical trials. The cost of disease management in Koreas was collected from published literature. Results: EBR/GZR was projected to reduce the cumulative incidence of cirrhosis to 1.6% compared with 8.3% for DCV+ASV. The cumulative incidence of DC and HCC were projected to be 8.2% and 6.4% respectively in patients treated with EBR/GZR compared with 10.1% and 7.5% respectively for DAC+ASV. This corresponded to a cumulative incidence of liver related death of 10.9% for EBR/GZR compared with 15.2% for DCV+ASV. The use of DCV+ASV also resulted in higher cumulative disease costs (4,267,442 KRW) compared with EBR/GZR (3,123,729 KRW). Conclusions: In Korea, the use of EBR/GZR for the treatment of CHC GT1b infected patients was projected to reduce the incidence of liver-related complications and mortality over a 30 year time horizon, compared with DCV+ASV. This was also estimated to lead to an increase in the cumulative disease costs that can be avoided when EBR/GZR is used to treat these patients compared with DCV+ASV in Korea.

Oleuropein Induces Anti-metastatic Effects in Breast Cancer

Hassan, Zeinab K.,Elamin, Maha H.,Daghestani, Maha H.,Omer, Sawsan A.,Al-Olayan, Ebtesam M.,Elobeid, Mai A.,Virk, Promy,Mohammed, Osama B. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Breast cancer causes death due to distant metastases in which tumor cells produce matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes which facilitate invasion. Oleuropein, the main olive oil polyphenol, has anti-proliferative effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oleuropein on the metastatic and anti-metastatic gene expression in the MDA human breast cancer cell line. We evaluated the MMPs and TIMPs gene expression by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in treated and untreated cells. This study demonstrated that OL may induce anti-metastatic effects on human breast cancer cells. We found that TIMP1,-3, and -4 were over-expressed after all periods of incubation in treated cancer cells compared to untreated cells, while MMP2 and MMP9 genes were down-regulated, at least initially. Treatment of breast cancer cells with oleuropein could help in prevention of cancer metastasis by increasing the TIMPs and suppressing the MMPs gene expressions.

Oleuropein Induces Apoptosis Via the p53 Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells

Hassan, Zeinab Korany,Elamin, Maha Hussein,Omer, Sawsan Ali,Daghestani, Maha Hassan,Al-Olayan, Ebtesam Salah,Elobeid, Mai AbdelRahman,Virk, Promy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: Breast cancer is a major health problem worldwide. Olive oil induces apoptosis in some cancer cells due to phenolic compounds like oleuropein. Although oleuropein has anticancer activity, the underlying mechanisms of action remain unknown. The study aimed to assess the mechanism of oleuropin-induced breast cancer cell apoptosis. Materials and Methods: p53, Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression was evaluated by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in luminal MCF-7 cells. Results: Oleuropein-induced apoptosis was accompanied by up-regulation of both p53 and Bax gene expression levels and down-regulation in Bcl2. Conclusions: Oleuropein induces apoptosis in breast tumour cells via a p53-dependent pathway mediated by Bax and Bcl2 genes. Therefore, oleuropein may have therapeutic potential in breast cancer patients by inducing apoptosis via activation of the p53 pathway.

Dynamic behavior of a seven century historical monument reinforced by shape memory alloy wires

Karim Hamdaoui,Zahira Benadla,Houssameddine Chitaoui,Mohammed Elamine Benallal 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.23 No.4

This work resumes a research that proposes the use of the technique based on the dissipation energy of the shape memory alloy (SMA) ties. It focuses principally on the assessment of the effectiveness of the use of these smart materials on displacements, accelerations and the stresses of the minaret of the great mosque of Ajloun in Jordan. The 3-D finite element model of the minaret is performed by the ANSYS software. First of all, the proposed model is calibrated and validated according to the experimental results gathered from ambient vibration testing results. Then, a nonlinear transient analysis is considered, when the El-Centro earthquake is used as the input signal. Different simulating cases concerning the location, number and type of SMA devices are proposed in order to see their influence on the seismic response of the minaret. Hence, the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed SMA device.

The effects of thermo-mechanical behavior of living tissues under thermal loading without energy dispassion

Ibrahim Abbas,M. Saif AlDien,Mawahib Elamin,Alaa El-Bary Techno-Press 2024 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.13 No.1

This study seeks to develop analytical solutions for the biothermoelastic model without accounting for energy dissipation. These solutions are then applied to estimate the temperature changes induced by external heating sources by integrating relevant empirical data characterizing the biological tissue of interest. The distributions of temperature, displacement, and strain were obtained by utilizing the eigenvalues approach with the Laplace transforms and numerical inverse transforms method. The impacts of the rate of blood perfusion and the metabolic activity parameter on thermoelastic behaviors were discussed specifically. The temperature, displacement, and thermal strain results are visually represented through graphical representations.

On commuting conditions of semirings with involution

Liaqat Ali,Muhammad Aslam,Mawahib Elamin,Huda Uones Mohamed Ahamd,Newma Yahia,Laxmi Rathour 한국전산응용수학회 2024 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.42 No.2

In this research article, we study a class of semirings with involution. Differential identities involving two or three derivations of a semiring with second kind involution are investigated. It is analyzed that how these identities, with a special role for second kind involution, bring commutativity to semirings.