무균돈사내 급배기구의 적정위치설정에 관한 연구

권순정,손덕영,최윤호 한국의료복지시설학회 2008 의료·복지 건축 Vol.14 No.4

Construction and operation of Germ Free Pigs' facilities are very expensive because pigs' rooms and other major rooms of the facility require germfree environments. Especially, running the HVAC system of aseptic facilities requires a lot of expenses. However proper location and efficient shape of outlets/inlets for the ventilation of the room can reduce the excessive running cost. In order to do that, this study proposes alternative location and shape of ventilation outlets/inlets to the existing design pattern in germfree pigs' room. The design condition of this study is the maintenance of adequate temperature(24'C), NHs concentration level(below 1.5 ppm), and air stream speed(be1ow .25m/sec) in the pigs' room for the summer and the winter together. As the Software Program, FLUENT(Ver. 6.2) has been used for the analysis of proposed ventilation patterns, In conclusion, wall inlets and ceiling inlet/outlet are advisable in summer, wall inlets and ceiling outlets is advisable in winter. As far as the shape is concerned, diffuser type for the ceiling outlet is desirable.

노인틀니 보험급여를 위한 건강보험재정추계연구

권호근,김영남,정기호,송근배,박덕영 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

The purpose of this study is to estimate the National Health Insurance budget needed for the Korean elderly's denture service coverage. For more exact estimating the budget, denture need and demand were calculated by using 2000 National Oral Health Survey data. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Over 65 years old, full denture and partial denture need per arch were each 8.5% and 16.8%. And over 70 years old, those were each 11.3% and 17.8%. 2. Over 65 years old, full denture and partial denture demand per arch were each 22.8% and 21.2%. And over 70 years old, those were each 27.%% and 21.1%. 3. Based on the denture need, the health insurance budget needed in the first operative year was about 955.4 billion won, over 65 years old and about 644.2 billion won, over 70 years old. 4. Based on the denture demand(wear), the health insurance budget needed in the first operative year was about 207.5 billion won, over 65 years old and was about 151.6 billion won, over 70 years old. If health insurance policy of elderly's denture service coverage is performed, actual denture wear rate is going to increase, and the budget needed is also increasing. Because current National Health Insurance budget status is poor, it is difficult to execute health insurance coverage for elderly's denture service. Therefore we suggest that health insurance coverage for preventive service is to be considered in order to reducing denture need in the long term view.

감마선과 Methyl Bromide 처리가 사과의 생리화학적 품질에 미치는 영향

강호진,정헌식,조덕조,변명우,최성진,최종욱,권중호 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2003 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.10 No.3

감마선(0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kGy) 조사와 methyl bromide(MeBr, 26 g/㎏, 4hr) 훈증 및 이들의 처리시기가 사과의 생리화학적 품질특성에 영향을 비교하여, 검역처리를 위한 ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) 감마선 조사의 응용성을 검토하였다. 감마선과 MeBr 처리에 따른 사과의 생리화학적 품질평가에서 2kGy 이상의 감마선 조사와 MeBr 훈증은 사과의 일부 생리화학적 품질특성의 변화를 촉진시키는 것으로 나타났다. 감마선과 MeBr의 처리시기별로는 수확 직후보다는 저온(0℃)에서 40일 정도 보관 후 처리한 대체적으로 품질손상이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 1kGy 이하의 감마선 조사와 지연조사는 사과 과실의 품질을 비교적 양호한 상태로 유지할 수 있어 검역처리 기술로 활용성이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 'Fuji' apples were treated by gamma irradiation (0∼3 kGy) or methyl bromide fumigation at commercial conditions (MeBr, 25 g/㎏, 4 hr) for quarantine purpose at two different treatment timing after harvest and stored under air a 0℃ for 4 months. Associated with the treatment timing of irradiation or fumigation, after 40 days of storage at 0℃ following harvest was more adequate than immediately after harvest in keeping qualities of stored apples. However, more than 2 kGy irradiation and MeBr fumigation were detrimental to physiological and chemical qualities of the fruits. These results show that less than 1 kGy irradiation at the delayed timing has a possibility to be applied as a quarantine procedure without significant changes in the quality of apples.

Cloning of type-1 acetylcholinesterase and identification of point mutations putatively associated with carbofuran resistance in Nilaparvata lugens

Deok Ho Kwon,Deok Jae Cha,Young Ho Kim,Si Woo Lee,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

A carbofuran-resistant strain (CAS) showed ca. 41.1- and 15.1-fold resistance compared to a susceptible strain (SUS) and a non-selected field strain (FM), respectively. Enhanced activities of carboxylesterase and P450 were found as ca. 3- and 1.6-fold higher in CAS strain, suggesting these enzymes play a minor role in carbofuran resistance. Interestingly, the insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to carbofuran was revealed to be ca. 5.5- and 3.7-fold higher in CAS strain compared to, indicating that AChE insensitivity mechanism is associated with carbofuran resistance. In the western blot analysis, two kinds of AChEs were found and type-1 AChE (Nlace1) was identified as the major AChE in N. lugens. The open reading frame of Nlace1 is composed of 2,106 bp (ca. 78 Kd) and revealed 52.5% and 24.3% identity compared with Nephotettix cincticeps and Drosophila melanogaster, respectively. In the screening of point mutations, four amino acid substitutions (G119A, F/S330Y, F331I and H332L) were identified in the CAS strain that likely contribute to the AChE insensitivity. The allele frequencies of these mutations increased in the survived populations following the selection by LC50 of carbofuran, confirming that they are in fact associated with reduced sensitivity to carbofuran in N. lugens. These point mutation can be useful for the monitoring of resistance levels in conjunction with QS methods.

Population Genetic Study to Trace Migration routes in Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)

Deok Ho Kwon,Minyoung Kim,Hyojoong Kim,Yerim Lee,Ki-Jeong Hong,Si Hyeock Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.04

Metcalfa pruinosa has been spreading in Korea since 2005, which its first report at Gimhae in Kyeongnam province. It has been harmful to grape and major forest crops by direct sucking and indirect transmitting sooty mold disease causing economical loss. It is necessary to study its tracing route and movement conditions for the further efficient population management and prevention of its re-invasion. A total of 23 haplotype were observed in the analysis of nucleotide polymorphisms on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I from total 124 voucher specimens among five countries. Only two haplotypes were exist in Korea and HAP1 was accorded with its of some European individuals. Moreover, the analysis of FST and AMOVA, the Korean population was relatively nearer with Spanish and Italian population than American populations, suggesting the Korean population might be originated from some European countries. Eight microsatellite loci were developed and characterized to facilitate more delegate population genetic analysis from 468 individual in five countries. The average character of each or overall population was revealed 18 average individual number, six alleles and 0.676 heterozygosity. The genetic distance (FST) was a little bit high among each populations ranged as – 0.010~0.245. In the tracing route analysis, the originating country of Korean population was also shown as migrated from some European countries. The population genetic analysis using genetic markers will be useful to trace the origin of pest and prevent from re-invasion fro efficient pest management.

Development for Simultaneous Mixed Sugar Fermentation by Kluyveromyces marxianus through Metabolic Engineering

Deok-Ho KWON,Suk-Jin HA 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.9

F331H mutation and reduced mRNA in type-1 acetylcholinesterase is associated with carbofuran resistance development in the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus Fallén)

Deok Ho Kwon,Hyungbum Kim,In-Hong Jeong,Si Hyeock Lee 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

F331H mutation and reduced mRNA in type-1 acetylcholinesterase is associated with carbofuran resistance development in the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus Fallén)

Deok Ho Kwon,Hyungbum Kim,In-Hong Jeong,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Molecular diagnostic markers are necessary for establishing highthroughput screening systems to support insecticide-resistant population management. Here, we identified single amino acid substitution mutations related to carbamate resistance in Laodelphax striatellus Fallén type-1 acetylcholinesterase (Lsace1) using carbofuran-selected strains. The phenotypic resistance profiles of the final selection strain (SEL9) compared to the susceptible strain revealed a 14-fold higher resistance ratio based on topical application, 1.2-fold higher general esterase activity, and 4.3- fold higher acetylcholinesterase insensitivity based on the 50% inhibitory concentration (I50), suggesting that insensitivity of the target site could occur as a resistance factor. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of Lsace1 of five strains (SUS, SEL0, SEL3, SEL6, and SEL9) revealed two amino acid substitutions (F330Y and F331H). To understand the roles of these mutations, we determined the allele frequency of both point mutations in the selected strains using quantitative sequencing methods. In addition, several quantitative genotypic traits (e.g., gene copy numbers and transcript levels of Lsace1, Lsace2, and LS.CarE1) were assessed. A correlation analysis of genotypic and phenotypic traits revealed strong correlations between resistance level and I50 with F331H allele frequency. Interestingly, the F331H mutation was negatively correlated with transcript levels of Lsace1, suggesting that selection pressure might result in a reduction of the target gene. Overall, the F331H mutation and reduced mRNA are important factors in the development of carbamate resistance. Furthermore, the point mutation can be used to monitor rapid carbofuran resistance in conjunction with molecular diagnostic methods such as quantitative sequencing.

Screening of lethal dsRNA and identification of dsRNA responsible genes in Tetranychus urticae

Deok Ho Kwon,Ji Hyun Park,Patil Anandrao Ashok,Unggyu Lee,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04

Tetranychus urticae is extremely hard to control by conventional acaricides due to its rapid development of resistance to nearly all arrays of acaricide. As an alternative control measure of acaricide-resistant mites, RNA interference (RNAi)-based method has recently been suggested. A double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery method using multi-unit chambers was established and employed to screen the RNAi toxicity of 42 T. urticae genes. Among them, the dsRNA treatment of coatomer I (COPI) genes, such as coatomer subunit epsilon (COPE) and beta 2 (COPB2), resulted in high mortality [median lethal time (LT50) = 89.7 and 120.3 h, respectively]. The transcript level of the COPE gene was significantly (F3,9 = 16.2, P = 0.001) reduced up to 24% following dsRNA treatment, suggesting that the toxicity was likely mediated by the RNAi of the target gene. To identify the deferentially expressed gene upon dsRNA ingestion, RNA-seq was employed to compare the transcriptional profiles between mites fed dsEGFP and dsCOPB2. Approximately 928 of genes were up- or down-regulated significantly (P < 0.05) compared to control and 182 genes were commonly responded to the treatment of both dsRNAs. Those dsRNA-responsible genes were mainly categorized into metabolic enzymes, transporters and secretory proteins. Further study would be necessary to elucidate the roles of dsRNA-responsible genes in mite’s dsRNA uptake and defense.

Identification of abamectin responsible genes in Tetranychus urticae

Deok Ho Kwon,Ji Hyun Park,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

Abamectin, soil-born bacterial acaricides, has been intensively used to control Tetranychus urticae. Target site insensitivity and enhanced activity of detoxification enzymes have been considered as major resistance mechanisms. Here, we identified the differentially expressed genes after feeding sublethal dose of abamectin for 36 h by RNA-seq analysis. About 4.9 million reads (± 2,630,543 reads) were assembled into T. urticae. Among a total of 75 genes showing differential transcription, 18 and 14 genes were up- and down-regulated over two fold ratio, respectively. In the validation analysis, the calculated fold change of each genes between RNA-seq and qPCR were moderately correlated (r 2 = 0.661). A cuticular protein was shown as the highest up-regulated gene (192.3-fold) and a chitinase was revealed to be the highest down-regulated (-16.4-fold). Further study would be necessary to validate their roles in T. urticae adaptation to acaricides.