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郭宗欽,朴炳彬,李元求,宋寅命,崔斗文 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1981 과학교육연구 Vol.13 No.1
The present condition of science education has been investigated b means of questionaires, interviews and referring to literature, and the points at issue gave been extracted on the basis of them, and in consideration of the problems various materials for experiment and practice have been developed to be used for the effective inquiry learning. The present condition and problems of science education in junior high schools are as follows; 1) Science teacher's backgrounds for their teaching profession and majors are good, but they are overburdened and the classes are overcrowded. 2) The textbooks now in use contain too much contents, the levels are high, and the books lack in appropriateness. 3) Especially the contents Presented for experimental activities require too many tasks to be digested in a given time. 4) Experimental facilities or instruments are unsatisfatory in their quantity or quality, and instruments or teaching materials that can be used effectively are far from being sufficient. Futhermore, some experimental instruments are too crude to work successfully. 5) Students' elementary knowledge is not sufficient, and the degrees of their interest or understanding are low. 6) With the teaching methods still conservative and the teachers unable to give satisfactory inquiry leaning. the students are disencouraged. 7) Support of experimental facilities, encouragement of teachers, appropriate school inspection, and administrative or financial aids are desired. In this study, materials for every branch of science have been developed to be available for the effective performance of experiments and practices through inquiry. The materials developed in this study are as follows. 1. The following materials are presented in physics: the relations between the heat quantity of water and the temperature change, and between the heat quantity of the electric heat line and the electric current, for group experiments; the observation of Brown motion, Law of Archimedes, altimeters, comparing the heat capacity of metals, the transmission of radiation, the frictional electricity, the interaction of electric current with magnetic needle, and Fleming's right-hand rule, as the reference materials of demonstration; a program learning materials for diffusion of light with experimental kit utilized in learning the properties of light; a program learning material on the diffraction of light with an experimental kit utilized in learning the diffraction and interference of light. 2. In chenistry, the experimental materials for electrolysis are presented as the teaching-learning material of group experiment. Besides, the errors in the experimental materials and inappropriate expressions in the textbooks now in use are corrected and completed: 3. In biology, problems have been extracted by means of questionaires about the general learning contents and the analisis of Japanese textbooks, and the materials for experiment have been developed. The observation of somatic cell division, that of mold, and that of prothallium are presented as the materials for group experiment. Inquiry learning based on experiment and practice should be settled on the scenes of learning, and the suggestions are made to the effect as follows. 1) The quantity of learning should be reduced, and the levels lowered in the new textbooks. 2) The development and distribution of individual learning materials for the master learning are desirable. 3) The items for group experiment should be reduced to the minimum, and the thorough inquiry learning should be pursued, and the greater part should be replaced by the demonstrative experiments or audio-visual materials. 4) The experimental instruments should be manufactured and distributed on the national scale to ensure their solidity and accuracy. 5) The atmosphere in which inquiry learning is performed by the teacher's creative efforts is greatly needed, To support this conditioning, exhibitions of scientific works should be held continually, science museums operated, the research centers of science education cooperated, new materials for practice developed and studied, and the corporations for research of science education fostered. 6) The measures to lighten the teachers' burden and to encourage them should be contrived.
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( Do Young Chung ),( Su Bin Lee ),( Hyun Jung Lee ),( Yoon Hee Lee ),( Gun Oh Chong ),( Dae Gy Hong ),( Yoon Soon Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-
Objective: A high pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are recognized as associating with poor prognosis in patients with various cancers including cervical cancer. We evaluated the clinical implication of pre- and post-treatment hematologic parameters as a prognostic factor in patents with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) who received primary concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 125 patients with LACC (FIGO stage IIb to IIIb) who received definitive CCRT. Clinical factors and hematologic parameters including NLR were assessed at pre and post CCRT. Univariate and multivariate analysis for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed using clinicopathologic and hematologic parameters. Results: On multivariate analysis, post-treatment NLR (hazard ratio HR, 3.643; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.701-7.802; p=0.0009), ΔNLR (pretreatment NLR / posttreatment NLR) (HR, 3.643; 95% CI, 1.701-7.802; p=0.0009), and Δ platelet-to-lymphocyte ( pretreatment PLR/ posttreatment PLR; HR, 2.077; 95% CI, 1.044-4.133; p=0.0373) were significant prognostic factors for DFS, and only post-treatment NLR were significant prognostic factor for OS among hematologic parameters (HR, 12.639; 95% CI, 4.969-32.144; p < 0.0001). However, pretreatment hematologic parameters were not associated with prognosis. Conclusion: Post-treatment hematologic parameters, especially post-treatment NLR, may be a useful prognostic indicator in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who were treated with definite CCRT.
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Lee, Seung Ho,Piao, Huiyan,Cho, Yong Chan,Kim, Se-Na,Choi, Goeun,Kim, Cho Rim,Ji, Han Bi,Park, Chun Gwon,Lee, Cheol,Shin, Chong In,Koh, Won-Gun,Choy, Young Bin,Choy, Jin-Ho National Academy of Sciences 2019 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol.116 No.24
<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>We propose an implantable multireservoir device equipped with stimulus-responsive membrane to allow for on-demand and pulsatile drug delivery. The stimulus-responsive membrane is made of a thermosensitive polymer, POSS(MEO<SUB>2</SUB>MA-co-OEGMA), and photothermal nanoparticles of reduced graphene oxide. Each of the drug reservoirs is filled with the same amount of human growth hormone and capped with the stimulus-responsive membrane. Therefore, when implanted in living animals, the device herein can deliver drug reproducibly by rupturing a stimulus-responsive membrane only at the times of near-infrared irradiation applied from the outside body without showing complications.</P><P>Implantable devices for on-demand and pulsatile drug delivery have attracted considerable attention; however, many devices in clinical use are embedded with the electronic units and battery inside, hence making them large and heavy for implantation. Therefore, we propose an implantable device with multiple drug reservoirs capped with a stimulus-responsive membrane (SRM) for on-demand and pulsatile drug delivery. The SRM is made of thermosensitive POSS(MEO<SUB>2</SUB>MA-co-OEGMA) and photothermal nanoparticles of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and each of the drug reservoirs is filled with the same amount of human growth hormone (hGH). Therefore, with noninvasive near-infrared (NIR) irradiation from the outside skin, the rGO nanoparticles generate heat to rupture the SRM in the implanted device, which can open a single selected drug reservoir to release hGH. Therefore, the device herein is shown to release hGH reproducibly only at the times of NIR irradiation without drug leakage during no irradiation. When implanted in rats with growth hormone deficiency and irradiated with an NIR light from the outside skin, the device exhibits profiles of hGH and IGF1 plasma concentrations, as well as body weight change, similar to those in animals treated with conventional s.c. hGH injections.</P>
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家畜糞에 依한 燃料用 Methane gas의 生産에 關한 硏究
李用斌,朴忠生 서울대학교 1970 서울대학교 論文集 Vol.21 No.-
These experiments were conducted to determine the methane gas production with feces of fowl, swine and cattle, and the seasonal variation in methane gas produced with swine feces. Fowl feces produced more methane gas than the feces of swine or cattle. Daily methane gas production, energy and combustion time with 10 to 20㎏. of feces were found to be 1.86㎥, 5,285㎉ and 342 min. with fowl feces, and 1.54㎥, 4,569㎉. and 295min. with cattle feces, and 1.68㎥, 4,977 ㎉ and 319min. with swine feces, respectively. Methane gas production increased in proportion to the amount of feces used. Average carbon dioxide content was 17.7% in the fuel gas and there were no significant differences CO_2 content between these feces. Great seasonal variation in methane gas production was found. Daily methane gas per gas production, energy and combustion time with 20㎏ of swine feces were found to be 1.80㎥, 5,198㎉. and 335min. in the summer, and 0.59㎥, 1,704㎉ and 110min. in the winter. More methane gas was produced in the fall than in the spring. It seemed to be possible that twenty kilogram of swine feces a day produce enough fuel for cooking at 5 member family, except in the winter.
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신장 종양 환자에서 수술 중에 발생한 급성 폐색전증을 심초음파로 진단한 증례보고
이정석,김순임,박형빈,김선종,현민수 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.37 No.6
Massive intraoperative pulmonary embolism (PE) is a fatal complication. However, the diagnosis of PE is difficult because clinical symptoms and signs are nonspecific, and specialized diagnostic facilities are not readily available in the operating room. We report a case of cardiac arrest due to a massive PE diagnosed by transthoracic and transesophageal Echocardiography during a nephrectomy in patient with renal cancer. This case demonstrates the great value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of an intraoperative massive pulmonary embolism. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 37: 1153∼1158)
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건공화 공법의 발파 성능 평가를 위한 현장 시험에 관한 연구
이승훈(Lee, Seung Hun),정성훈(Chong, Song-Hun),최형빈(Choi, Hyung Bin) 대한토목학회 2022 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.42 No.2
암반층이 얕은 깊이에서 출현하는 국내 지층 조건과 지하 공간의 활용도 증가로 인해서, 발파에 의한 굴착은 여전히 이용되고 있다. 발파 천공 이후에 존재하는 물이 있는 조건에서 실시되는 표준 발파는 폭굉압력 감소, 일정 장약량 사용, 디커플링과 같은 기술적인 어려움이 있다. 하지만, 기존의 표준 발파 공법을 대체할 만한 공법이 없는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 건공화 펌프 시스템을 이용하여, 천공 내부에 존재하는 물을 제거하는 건공화 ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) 발파와 발파 성능의 비교를 위해서 추가적으로 표준 발파를 수행하였다. 각각의 발파 공법에서 계측된 진동 속도 데이터들과 환산거리의 함수로 이루어진 경험적인 발파진동 추정식을 이용하여, 최소제곱법에 의한 선형회귀분석을 실시하고, 궁극적으로 발파 성능을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 건공화 ANFO 발파에서 진동 감쇠가 더 크게 발생하고, 암반 파쇄에 더 많은 에너지를 소비하여, 더 가까운 거리에서 진동 허용 기준을 만족하는 진동 속도를 보였다. 또한, 표준 발파의 발파 진동 영향권이 건공화 ANFO 발파보다 더 멀리 있고, 발파 패턴의 범위가 더 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 수행된 현장 발파 실험 결과로부터, 건공화 ANFO 발파 공법의 발파 성능이 효율적임을 확인하였다. The existence of shallow bedrock and the desire to use underground space necessitate the use of blasting methods. The standard blasting method under water after drilling is associated with certain technical difficulties, including reduced detonation power, the use of a fixed charge per delay, and decoupling. However, there is no blasting method to replace the existing blasting method. In this paper, a dry hole charged with ANFO blasting is assessed while employing a dry hole pumping system to remove water from the drill borehole. Additional standard blasting is also utilized to compare the blasting performances of the two methods. The least-squares linear regression method is adopted to analyze the blasting vibration velocity quantitatively using the measured vibration velocity for each blasting method and the vibration velocity model as a function of the scaled distance. The results show that the dry hole charged with ANFO blasting will lead to greater damping of the blasting vibration, more energy dissipation to crush the surrounding rock, and closer distances for the allowable velocity of the blasting vibration. Also, standard blasting shows much longer influencing distances and a wider range of the blasting pattern. The pilot test confirms the blasting efficiency of dry hole charged with ANFO blasting.
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