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Effect of Mn and C on Age Hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C Lightweight Steels
Sung‑Won Park,Jun Young Park,Kyong Mox Cho,Jae Hoon Jang,Seong‑Jun Park,Joonoh Moon,Tae‑Ho Lee,Jong‑Ho Shin 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.3
The effects of Mn and C content on the age hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C lightweight steels, which have austenitic or duplex(austenite and ferrite) microstructures, were investigated. An increase in Mn content induced a delay of the age hardeningthat is caused by the formation of intra-granular κ-carbides. In order to interpret the effect of Mn content, first-principlescalculations were conducted using the supercells of Fe24Al8C8,Fe24Al8C7,Fe24(Al7Mn)C8, and Fe24(Al7Mn)C7. The calculationsshowed that an increase in Mn content could be the source of the delay of the intra-granular κ-carbide formation bysuppressing C atom’ occupation of the vacancy at the body-centered site of L12. An increase in C content accelerated theformation of intra-granular κ-carbides, which induced the intense age hardening, and coarse inter-granular κ-carbides, whichresulted in significant decrease in impact absorbed energy due to inter-granular fracture.
( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Won Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Jin Mo Yang ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Yong Oh Kweon ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Gun Young Hong ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Joo Hyun 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Besifovir is an acyclic nucleotide phosphonate known to be effective in hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA suppression for both treatment- naïve and lamivudine-resistant chronic HBV infection in preliminary studies. We assessed the safety and efficacy of besifovir comparing with tenofovir in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods: A total of 187 patients were randomly received besifovir dipivoxil 150mg or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg. Eligible subjects were patients with chronic HBV infection. We measured the proportion of patients who had HBV DNA less than 69 IU/mL at week 48 as the primary efficacy endpoint. Key secondary endpoints were histological response (i.e., a reduction in the Knodell necroinflammation score of 2 or more points without worsening fibrosis), serum HBV DNA reduction, and liver function tests. Also, bone mineral density (BMD) and renal parameters were evaluated. Results: The proportion of patients who achieved primary endpoint of HBV DNA (< 69 IU/mL) at week 48 were 85.33% and 88.75% among those who received besifovir and tenofovir, respectively. Besifovir was shown to be non-inferior to tenofovir (lower limit of 95% CI for the treatment difference =-0.14). Histological improvement of 29 patients who underwent liver biopsy was evaluated, and we found that significantly more patients treated with besifovir had improved histological response than those treated with tenofovir (77.78% vs. 36.36%, p=0.0482). There was no difference in intrahepatic cccDNA reduction between the two groups (p=0.35). None of the patients had resistant to mutations or increase in serum creatinine >0.5mg/dL from baseline. Patients who received besifovir had smaller decrease in BMD during 48 weeks than that of tenofovir (besifovir -0.02±0.44, tenofovir -0.10±0.86, p=0.0248). There was no adverse drug reaction leading the patients to withdrawal. Conclusions: This phase 3 study demonstrated that besifovir had comparable efficacy and safety profile to tenofovir in the treatment of treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. Besifovir showed better profile than tenofovir in both histological response and bone loss. An open-label extension study is ongoing with besifovir to investigate long-term efficacy and safety.
Hoon Cho,최두복,Yu Lan Piao,Sun-Jong Yu,Yeon-Woong Lee,Dong-Hoon Lim,Young Cheol Chang,SANG-SHIN PARK,Myung Koo LEE,WOL-SUK CHA,Don-Sang You 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.6
We investigated the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides produced from Pleurotus ferulae mutant in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose level in the STZ-induced diabetic rat administered the extract polysaccharides, 250mg/kg b·w/d (EPSG) was 196.97mg/dL, approximately 54.12% less compared to that of the STZ-induced diabetic rats administered 0.9% NaCl solution (NCG). The insulin level in the EPSG was approximately 1.64-fold higher than that in the NCG. HDL and LDL cholesterol levels in the EPSG were 29.15mg/L and 20.35mg/dL, respectively, representing an approximate increase of 69.18% and decrease of 38.52%, respectively. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transferase (ALT) in the EPSG decreased approximately by 49.27 and 50.43%, respectively, while the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity decreased by 34.25%, relative to the NCG. Antioxidant activities in the NCG decreased relative to the normal group. In contrast, for EPSG, these values increased relative to the NCG. The malondialdehyde level in the EPSG was 12.95mmol/mg protein, which was approximately 70.64% of that in the NCG. These results suggest that the polysaccharides of Pleurotus ferulae mutant could be developed as potential antidiabetic agents or functional foods for people with a high risk of diabetes mellitus.
ALMOST PERIODIC POINTS FOR MAPS OF THE CIRCLE
Cho, Sung Hoon,Min, Kyung Jin The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2000 한국수학논문집 Vol.8 No.1
In this paper, we show that for any continuous map $f$ of the circle $S^1$ to itself, (1) $x{\in}{\Omega}(f){\backslash}\overline{R(f)}$, then $x$ is not a turning point of $f$ and (2) if $P(f)$ is non-empty, then $R(f)$ is closed if and only if $AP(f)$ is closed.
S-273 Effects of metabolic syndrome to CVD events in Korean patients taking statins over a year
( Sang-cheol Cho ),( Ki Hoon Han ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Background:?Statins can prevent Only 30~50% of CVD by reducing LDL. The aim of this study is to investigate whether metabolic syndrome can increase the risk of CVD, even if LDL is controlled ideally by taking statins.?Methods:?As retrospective observational study, we checked CVD events of 909 patients through medical records for at least 1 year before and after taking statins respectively, between 2005 and 2008, and analyzed the risk factors of CVD.?Results:?During the period of observation (881.4±232.8 days), the patients with very high risk of CVD (patients with coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease) and the patient with high risk of CVD(patients with DM, carotid artery disease, 10 year risk≥20%) had all 46 cases of CVD events. Among CVD events in the patient with very high risk, 56.8% (21 cases over 37) was happened among subjects who had achieved LDL goal (<70 mg/dl). All 9 events developed among high risk patients reached LDL goal (<100 mg/dl). The patients with MS have more CVD events[p=0.015; RR: 3.033]. Subgroup analysis of the patients with past history of CVD events and patients with DM shows the same results(p=0.017; RR:3.431 and p=0.049; RR:2.738, respectively). Cox regression analysis identified Metabolic syndrome[p=0.017; RR:3.145], past history of CVD events[p= 0.000; RR: 6.536), basal LDL level[p= 0.046; RR: 1.009] and total cholesterol level after statin therapy[p=0.004; RR: 0.983) as independent predictors of CVD events.?Conclusion:?Metabolic syndrome is the independent risk factor of CVD events in the high risk patients with or without past history of CVD events or DM. In these patients, statins cannot prevent CVD events effectively.
Cho, Chang-Hoon,Jung, Yong-Tae,Park, Young-Min,Paik, Soon-Young,Choi, Joung-Young,Byun, Byug-Hun,Kim, Boo-Sung 가톨릭 의과학연구원 1997 가톨릭 의과학연구원 국제학술대회 Vol.1 No.-
Telomerase is highly activated in many human immortal cell lines and in tumor tissues, whereas it is not activated from primary cell strains and from many tumor-dajacent tissues.