Isolation and Transcriptional Expression of CuZn Superoxide Dismutase from Codonopsis lanceolata

Lee,Kang,In,Jun-Gyo,Yu,Chang-Yeon,Yun,Song-Joong,Min,Byung-Hoon,Rho,Yeong-Deok,Kim,Moo-Sung,Yang,Deok-Chun 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.3

To investigate the defense mechanism against the abiotic stress, a cDNA clone encoding a CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) protein was isolated from a cDNA library prepared from tabroot mRNAs of Codonopsis lanceolata. The eDNA, designated ClSODCc, is 799 nucleotides long and has an open reading frame of 459 bp with a deduced amino acid sequence of 152 residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of ClSODCc matched to the previously reported CuZnSODs. Consensus amino acid residues (His-45, -47, -62, -70, -79, -119 and Asp-82) were involved in Cu-, Cu/Zn-, and Zn- binding ligands. The deduced amino acid sequence of ClSODCc showed high homologies (82%-86%) regardless of species. Expression of ClSODCc by oxidative stress was increased up to 1 h after treatment and declined gradually. Much earlier and stronger expression of ClSODCc was observed in the cold stress treatment.

The Ameliorative Effects of Korean Bean‐Leaves on Inflammation and Liver Injury in Obese Rat Model

Byung?Moon Jin,Seok?Cheol Choi,Hye?Sook Lee,Sang?Bong Jung,Kyung?Yae Hyun 대한의생명과학회 2013 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.19 No.3

Obesity may cause metabolic syndrome and adult diseases. This study was undertaken to investigate the ameliorative or useful effects of beanleaves on inflammation and liver damage in obese rat models. Rats were divided into three groups: a control group (normal diet, n=6), a fat diet group (45%?fat diet, n=7), and a bean leaf group (45%?fat+Korean bean leaves diet, n=7). Body weights in the bean leaf group were lower than those of the fat group (P<0.05). Serum tumor necrosis factor?α (TNF?α) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) concentrations were lower in both the control and bean leaf groups than in the fat group (P<0.001). TNF?α concentrations in the bean leaf group were slightly higher than in the control group but statistically significant (P<0.05). The bean leaf group histologically exhibited lower fatty degeneration, spotty necrosis, and leukocyte infiltrations in hepatic tissues than those of the fat group. In the homogenized liver tissues, the cyclooxygenase?2 (COX?2) gene was only expressed in the fat group. The gene expression levels of hepatic TNF?α, inducible nitric?oxide synthase, peroxiome proliferator?activated receptor?α (PPAR?α), poly (ADP?ribose) polymerase (PARP), and transforming growth factor?β1 (TGF?β1) were weaker in the bean leaf group than in the fat group. These results suggest that adding bean?leaves to the diet may ameliorate obesity?induced systemic inflammation and liver damage and that bean leaves may be a useful food for preventing obesity and thereby metabolic syndrome and adult diseases

Room Temperature Preparation of Poly-Si Thin Films by IBE with Substrate Bias Method

Cho, Byung-Yoon,Yang, Sung- Chae,Han, Byoung-Sung,Lee, Jung-Hui,Yatsui Kiyoshi The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.2

Using intense pulsed ion beam evaporation technique, we have succeeded in the preparation of poly crystalline silicon thin films without impurities on silicon substrate. Good crystallinity and high deposition rate have been achieved without heating the substrate by using lEE. The crystallinity of poly-Si film has been improved with the high density of the ablation plasma. The intense diffraction peaks of poly-Si thin films could be obtained by using the substrate bias system. The crystallinity and the deposition rate of poly-Si thin films were increased by applying (-) bias voltage for the substrate.

자동차 탑승자 사고에서 외상계수를 이용한 구급대원의 중증도 분류 평가

김상철 ( Sang Chul Kim ),김병우 ( Byung Woo Kim ),탁양주 ( Yang Ju Tak ),이상희 ( Sang Hee Lee1 ) 대한외상학회 2013 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: The assessment of trauma patients in the prehospital setting is difficult, but appropriate field triage is critical to the prognosis of trauma patients. We sought to evaluate the triage given by the emergency medical technicians (EMTs) using the trauma score to patients injured in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). Methods: From June 2012 to July 2012, questionnaires were distributed to EMTs, who had transported injured patients to the study hospital. Scene records, photos of the damaged vehicle, and ambulance run sheets were used to provide physiologic, physical, and mechanistic information about the MVC. To evaluate the appropriateness of the injury assessment by EMTs, we compared their impressions with the hospital`s final diagnosis within a 3 level triage system comprising both the maximum abbreviated injury scale (MAIS) and the injury severity score (ISS). Kappa (k) was calculated to evaluate the agreement between the triage by EMTs and the triage based on hospital`s final diagnosis. Results: A total of 91 patients were analyzed by 31 EMTs. The percentage of males was 57.1%, the mean age was 44.5, and the mean MAIS and ISS were 2.7 and 16.6 respectively. While EMTs correctly diagnosed patient injuries to the extremities in 35.7%, and to the neck in 32.1%, pelvic injuries were missed in 80.0%. The agreement between the triage by the EMTs and the triage based on the hospital`s final diagnosis was 62.6%(k=0.366) by the MAIS and 50.5%(k=0.234) by the ISS. The kappa value was higher in EMT-I than in EMT-II. Conclusion: In MVC, the assessment of injured patients by EMT-I was more appropriate, and the 3-level triage method based on the MAIS could contribute to a more accurate triage. Prospective studies to search for appropriate methods of field triage are required for programming practical education for EMTs.

누항도(陋巷圖)와 누항록(陋巷錄)을 통해 본 이만부의 공간철학과 식산정사의 원형경관

강병선 ( Kahng Byung-seon ),이승연 ( Lee Seung-yeon ),신상섭 ( Shin Sang-sup ),노재현 ( Rho Jae-hyun ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2021 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.39 No.2

경상북도 민속문화재 제76호로 지정된 ‘천운정사(天雲精舍)’는 식산 이만부가 1700년에 건립한 식산정사이다. 본 연구에서는 식산정사와 관련한 이만부의 생애와 은일관을 알아보고, 그의 정사경영의 결과물인 「누항록」과 《누항도》를 분석해 정사의 풍수적 입지와 영역성 및 원형경관을 추정하고, 은거한 선비가 자신의 공간에 담고자 했던 철학을 고찰하여 다음의 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 식산 이만부는 조선 후기 대표적 은둔형 유학자이다. 정사의 이름이자 이만부의 호인 ‘식산’은 마을의 뒷산(主山)에서 연유한 것으로 그는 생각(思), 몸(躬), 말(言), 사귐(交) 네 가지를 쉬고자 했다. 다난했던 숙종년간 남인 집안의 이만부는 ‘식산’이라는 호를 통해 은둔하고자 하는 그의 의지를 표상하였다. 둘째, 이만부는 식산정사의 입지, 공간구조, 건축물 및 조경시설물, 수목, 주변경관, 이용행태 등을 「누항록」에 기록하였고, 《누항도》화첩을 남겨 원형에 가까운 식산정사 복원 가능성이 비교적 높다. 셋째, 이만부는 외노곡이 밖에서 보면 사면이 두로 막혀있으나 안으로 들어서면 아늑하고 깊숙하며 멀리까지 내다보인다는 풍수적 지리관을 언급하고 있으며, 노곡마을 전체를 일컬어 식산정사라 했는데 이는 명명을 통해 의미를 부여하고 영역을 형성ㆍ확장하였음을 알 수 있다. 넷째, 식산정사의 공간구성은 연식공간, 교육공간, 후원공간, 휴식공간, 채원 및 약초밭으로 구분할 수 있다. 당과 루, 연지로 구성된 연식공간은 개인적 공간으로 호연지기, 천인합일의 흥취, 군자의 도리, 인을 생각하는 이만부의 거처이자 강학을 베풀던 공간이다. 다섯째, 양정재 영역은 교육공간으로서 양정재는 주역 몽괘에서 취한 이름으로 어린 학생들의 학문과 덕이 크고 밝게 성장하기를 기원한 이름이다. 여섯째, 간지정, 고반대, 세한단 등으로 구성된 후원공간은 식산정사 가장 안쪽의 숲이 우거진 곳을 정리하고 자연 입석과 고송을 병풍삼아 작은 정자를 지을 축대를 쌓은 곳으로, 멈춤의 미덕과 은자의 여유, 군자의 지조 등에 관한 뜻을 담고 있다. 일곱째, 식산정사 담장 밖 동쪽 시내 건너 고목이 우거진 곳에 단을 조성하여 영귀사라 하고 괴석을 쌓고 화초를 심어 휴식과 풍류의 장소로 삼았다. 여덟째, 조선시대 선비들처럼 채소와 약초의 효능을 상세히 알고 있던 이만부는 정사 내에 채원과 약초밭을 가꾸었다. 아홉째, 식산 이만부는 식산정사의 각 공간별 건축물과 조경시설물에 대한 명명을 통한 의미 부여와 고사(古事)를 따른 식재를 통해 자신의 정사에 성리학적 이상향을 실현했음을 알 수 있다. ‘Cheonunjeongsa (天雲精舍)’, designated as Gyeongsangbukdo Folklore Cultural Property No. 76, is a Siksanjeongsa built in 1700 by Manbu Lee Shiksan. In this study, we investigate the life and perspective of Manbu Lee in relation to Siksanjeongsa, and estimate the feng shui location, territoriality, and original landscape by analyzing 「Nuhangnok」 and 「Nuhando」, the results of his political management. The following results were derived by examining the philosophy that the scholar wanted to include in his space. First, Manbu Lee Shiksan was a representative hermit-type confucian scholar in the late Joseon Dynasty. ‘Siksan’, the name of the government official and the nickname of Manbu Lee, is derived from the mountain behind the village, and he wanted to rest in the four areas of thought(思), body(躬), speech(言), and friendship(交). During the difficult years of King Sukjong, Lee Manbu of a Namin family expressed his will to seclude through the title ‘Siksan’. Second, There is a high possibility of restoration close to the original. Manbu Lee recorded the location of Siksanjeongsa, spatial structure, buildings and landscape facilities, trees, surrounding landscape, and usage behaviors in 「Nuhangnok」, and left a book of 《Nuhangdo》. Third, Manbu Lee refers to the feng shui geography view that Oenogok is closed in two when viewed from the outside, but is cozy and deep and can be seen from a far when entering inside. The whole village of Nogok was called Siksanjeongsa, which means through the name. It can be seen that the area was formed and expanded. Fourth, the spatial composition of Siksanjeongsa can be divided into a banquet space, an education space, a support space, a rest space, a vegetable and an herbal garden. The banquet space composed of Dang, Lu, and Yeonji is a personal space where Manbu Lee, who thinks about the unity of the heavenly people, the virtue of the gentleman, and humanity, is a place for lectures and a place to live. Fifth, Yangjeongjae area is an educational space, and Yangjeongjae is a name taken from the main character Monggwa, and it is a name that prayed for young students to grow brightly and academically. Sixth, the support space composed of Ganjijeong, Gobandae, and Sehandan is a place where the forested areas in the innermost part of Siksanjeongsa are cleared and a small pavilion is built using natural standing stones and pine trees as a folding screen. The virtue and grace of stopping. It contains the meaning of leisure and the wisdom of a gentleman. Seventh, outside the wall of Siksanjeongsa, across the eastern stream, an altar was built in a place with many old trees, called Yeonggwisa, and a place of rest was made by piling up an oddly shaped stone and planting flowers. Eighth, Manbu Lee, who knew the effects of vegetables and medicinal herbs in detail like the scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, cultivated a vegetable garden and an herbal garden in Jeongsa. Ninth, it can be seen that Lee Manbu realized the Neo-Confucian utopia in his political life by giving meaning to each space of Siksanjeongsa by naming buildings and landscaping facilities and planting them according to ancient events.

Presynaptic glycine receptors facilitate spontaneous glutamate release onto hilar neurons in the rat hippocampus

Lee, Eun-Ah,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Choi, In-Sun,Nakamura, Michiko,Park, Hye-Mi,Lee, Jong-Ju,Lee, Maan-Gee,Choi, Byung-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of Neurochemistry Vol.109 No.1

<P>Abstract</P><P>Although glycine receptors are found in most areas of the brain, including the hippocampus, their functional significance remains largely unknown. In the present study, we have investigated the role of presynaptic glycine receptors on excitatory nerve terminals in spontaneous glutamatergic transmission. Spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs) were recorded in mechanically dissociated rat dentate hilar neurons attached with native presynaptic nerve terminals using a conventional whole-cell patch recording technique under voltage-clamp conditions. Exogenously applied glycine or taurine significantly increased the frequency of sEPSCs in a concentration-dependent manner. This facilitatory effect of glycine was blocked by 1 &mgr;M strychnine, a specific glycine receptor antagonist, but was not affected by 30 &mgr;M picrotoxin. In addition, Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> (10 &mgr;M) potentiated the glycine action on sEPSC frequency. Pharmacological data suggested that the activation of presynaptic glycine receptors directly depolarizes glutamatergic terminals resulting in the facilitation of spontaneous glutamate release. Bumetanide (10 &mgr;M), a specific Na-K-2C co-transporter blocker, gradually attenuated the glycine-induced sEPSC facilitation, suggesting that the depolarizing action of presynaptic glycine receptors was due to a higher intraterminal Cl<SUP>−</SUP> concentration. The present results suggest that presynaptic glycine receptors on excitatory nerve terminals might play an important role in the excitability of the dentate gyrus-hilus-CA3 network in physiological and/or pathological conditions.</P>

Flash Design for Automatic Transfer System of Bearing Hub in Hot Forging Process

Lee, Sang Kon,Byun, Hyun Sang,Kim, Byung Min,Ko, Dae Cheol,Kang, C.G. Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Diffusion and defect data. SSP. [Pt. B], Solid sta Vol.116 No.-

<P>The aim of this study is to design flash geometry of bearing hub to apply the automatic transfer system in hot forging process. The flash geometry is very important in hot forging process because the flash geometry effects on the metal flow, material losses, forging load, die pressure and so on. In this study, the problem of designing the flash geometry is studied with flash thickness and width considering the maximum die pressure to apply an automatic transfer system in hot forging process for bearing hub. The numerical analysis was conducted by means of the commercial S/W DEFORM. On the basis of numerical analysis the flash geometry of hot forging die was redesigned, and experiment was conducted. From the experimental results, it was possible to produce bearing hub with an automatic transfer system without any deterioration of die lifetime.</P>

Functional Recovery of Spinal Cord Injury in Dogs using Scaffold and Neural-Induced Canine Adipose- Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Sung Su Park,Hak Hyun Ryu,Byung Jae Kang,Yong sun Kim,Gyu Jin Sung,Seung hoon Lee,Dong hae Lee,Kyu seok Choi,Wan Hee Kim,Ho Jae Han,Oh Kyeong Kweon 대한수의학회 2011 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2011 No.-

Removal of mixed contaminants by Fe0-based biobarrier in flow-through columns using recycled waste materials

Lee, Jai-Young,Youm, Sun Young,Choi, Sang-Il,Oh, Byung-Taek Springer-Verlag 2009 JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT Vol.11 No.3

Inhibitory Effect of the Compounds Isolated from <i>Rhus verniciflua</i> on Aldose Reductase and Advanced Glycation Endproducts

Lee, Eun Ha,Song, Dae-Geun,Lee, Joo Young,Pan, Cheol-Ho,Um, Byung Hun,Jung, Sang Hoon Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2008 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.31 No.8

<P>The aim of this paper was to evaluate active principles for diabetic complications from <I>Rhus verniciflua</I>. Nine compounds were isolated <I>via</I> bioactivity guided fractionation and isolation and tested for their effects on recombinant human aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts. Butein and sulfuretin isolated from ethyl acetate fraction were found to possess strongly both forms of aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts inhibition. The inhibitory activity of butein against a recombinant human aldose reductase (IC<SUB>50</SUB> value: 0.5 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL>) was 2.6 times more potent that of epalrestat as a positive control (IC<SUB>50</SUB> value: 1.3 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL>). The inhibitory potency of sulfuretin (IC<SUB>50</SUB> value: 124.7 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL>) on advanced glycation end-products was about 10 times more potent that of aminoguanidine as a positive control (IC<SUB>50</SUB> value: 1231.0 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL>). These compounds all displayed antioxidative activity which was measured by Photochem<SUP>®</SUP> apparatus. It was concluded, therefore, butein and sulfuretin have antioxidative as well as aldose reductase and advanced glycation endproducts inhibitory effects. As a result, these compounds could be proposed as a leading compound for further study as a new natural products drug that could be used for diabetic complications.</P>