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Efficiency Analysis of Mongolian Mining
Tsolmon Byamba-Ochir,Uhn-Soon Gim 한국농업경제학회 2013 農業經濟硏究 Vol.54 No.3
This paper attempted to measure technical efficiencies and scale efficiencies of Mongolian mining industry by DEA method, and to identify the factors affecting the efficiencies by Tobit regression model. Enterprise level data of 14 mining companies in Mongolia were applied for the analysis over 2008, 2009, and 2010. The average score of overall technical efficiency in Mongolian mining companies over the recent three years was 0.56, which is decomposed into pure technical efficiency 0.78 and scale efficiency 0.72. A majority of mining companies in Mongolia exhibited at least one form of inefficiency except a few large companies. It is also showed most mining companies were operating in the stage of increasing returns to scale. The results suggest that most mining companies in Mongolia can find ways of improving their efficiencies either by investing best technology or increasing their scale. Finally Tobit regression analysis of the efficiency measures implies that the financial structure of mining companies can have significant influence on their ability to attain their efficiencies.
( Dashlkhumbe Byamba ),( Tae Gyun Kim ),( Dong Hyun Kim ),( Jeong Hwan Je ),( Min Geol Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.3
Background: Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been produced in both mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and XS-106 DCs by contact sensitizers and irritants in previous studies, the generation of ROS in human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) and their role in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) has yet to be elucidated. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether contact allergens and irritants induce ROS in MoDCs and, if so, to evaluate the role of contact allergen and irritant induced-ROS in MoDCs in CHS. Methods: Production of ROS was measured by 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2`,7`-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCFDA) assay. Surface CD86 and HLA-DR molecules were detected by flow cytometry. Protein carbonylation was detected by Western blotting. Results: ROS were produced by contact allergens such as dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and thimerosal and the irritant benzalkonium chloride (BKC). DNCB-induced, but not BKC-induced, ROS increased surface CD86 and HLA-DR molecules on MoDCs and induced protein carbonylation. These changes were reduced in the presence of antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. Conclusion: Our results suggest that DNCB-induced ROS may be different from those induced by irritant BKC. The DNCB-induced ROS may be associated with the CHSresponse, because they activate surface molecules on DCs that are important for generating immune reactions. (Ann Dermatol 22(3) 269∼278, 2010)
Efficiency Analysis of Mongolian Mining
Tsolmon Byamba-Ochir,김은순 한국농업경제학회 2013 農業經濟硏究 Vol.54 No.4
This paper attempted to measure technical efficiencies and scale efficiencies of Mongolian mining industry by DEA method, and to identify the factors affecting the efficiencies by Tobit regression model. Enterprise level data of 14 mining companies in Mongolia were applied for the analysis over 2008, 2009, and 2010. The average score of overall technical efficiency in Mongolian mining companies over the recent three years was 0.56, which is decomposed into pure technical efficiency 0.78 and scale efficiency 0.72. A majority of mining companies in Mongolia exhibited at least one form of inefficiency except a few large companies. It is also showed most mining companies were operating in the stage of increasing returns to scale. The results suggest that most mining companies in Mongolia can find ways of improving their efficiencies either by investing best technology or increasing their scale. Finally Tobit regression analysis of the efficiency measures implies that the financial strucutre of mining companies can have significant influence on their ability to attain their efficiencies.
Efficiency Analysis of Mongolian Mining
( Tsolmon Byamba-ochir ),( Uhn-soon Gim ) 한국농업경제학회 2013 KOREAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS(KJAT) Vol.54 No.3
This paper attempted to measure technical efficiencies and scale efficiencies of Mongolian mining industry by DEA method, and to identify the factors affecting the efficiencies by Tobit regression model. Enterprise level data of 14 mining companies in Mongolia were applied for the analysis over 2008, 2009, and 2010. The average score of overall technical efficiency in Mongolian mining companies over the recent three years was 0.56, which is decomposed into pure technical efficiency 0.78 and scale efficiency 0.72. A majority of mining companies in Mongolia exhibited at least one form of inefficiency except a few large companies. It is also showed most mining companies were operating in the stage of increasing returns to scale. The results suggest that most mining companies in Mongolia can find ways of improving their efficiencies either by investing best technology or increasing their scale. Finally Tobit regression analysis of the efficiency measures implies that the financial structure of mining companies can have significant influence on their ability to attain their efficiencies.
김대석,이민걸,김동현,구본철,조영훈,박진모,이태형,김현옥,김한수,이현아,이종두,Dashlkhumbe Byamba,제정환 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.6
Purpose: Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination for melanoma was introduced because melanoma carries distinct tumor-associated antigens. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of DC vaccination for melanoma in Korea. Materials and Methods: Five patients with stage IV and one with stage II were enrolled. Autologous monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) were cultured and pulsed with tumor-lysate, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and cytokine cocktail for mature antigen-loaded DC. DC vaccination was repeated four times at 2-week intervals and 2-4×10^7 DC were injected each time. Results: Reduced tumor volume was observed by PET-CT in three patients after DC vaccination. Delayed type hypersensitivity responses against tumor antigen were induced in five patients. Tumor antigen-specific IFN-γ-producing peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot in two patients. However, the overall clinical outcome showed disease progression in all patients. Conclusion: In this study, DC vaccination using tumor antigen-loaded, mature MoDCs led to tumor regression in individual melanoma patients. Further standardization of DC vaccination protocol is required to determine which parameters lead to better anti-tumor responses and clinical outcomes.