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Boolean Approach to Dichotomic Quantum Measurement Theories
K. Nagata,T. Nakamura,J. Batle,S. Abdalla,A. Farouk 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.70 No.3
Recently, a new measurement theory based on truth values was proposed by Nagata and Nakamura [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 55, 3616 (2016)], that is, a theory where the results of measurements are either 0 or 1. The standard measurement theory accepts a hidden variable model for a single Pauli observable. Hence, we can introduce a classical probability space for the measurement theory in this particular case. Additionally, we discuss in the present contribution the fact that projective measurement theories (the results of which are either +1 or −1) imply the Bell, Kochen, and Specker (BKS) paradox for a single Pauli observable. To justify our assertion, we present the BKS theorem in almost all the two-dimensional states by using a projective measurement theory. As an example, we present the BKS theorem in two-dimensions with white noise. Our discussion provides new insight into the quantum measurement problem by using this measurement theory based on the truth values.
Engy M. Khalil,Farouk A. El-Fitiany,Mohammed A. Abourohiem,Ahmed M. Abdelrazek 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.1
For pressurized irrigation networks, the pump station is usually designed to guarantee the required operation head at all hydrants. Such a design usually results in a considerable waste of energy. Significant energy saving may be achieved by using booster pumps at critical hydrants. However, this will increase total capital cost and reduces the net economic benefit. A lot of research work has been carried out to minimize energy consumption, but no comprehensive economic study is available, which includes booster pumps. In the current study, an economic analysis of using a booster pump is carried out. Additional energy savings may be realized by dividing the hydrants into sectors. Four different scenarios are investigated. The proposed methodology is applied to a drip irrigation network at Kostol area, Egypt. The total capital cost increased by about 15.90%. However, this increase can be recovered in about five years through energy saving. Annual energy consumption is reduced by up to 35.6%. It is well understood that these results are constrained by temporal and spatial variations of field data. However, accumulated experience gained by similar studies for different networks and varying costs will provide valuable guidelines for the designers. Research may be extended to include additional operation and maintenance costs, water costs, and crop return value.
Binding of erucic acid with human serum albumin using a spectroscopic and molecular docking study
Rabbani, G.,Baig, M.H.,Jan, A.T.,Ju Lee, E.,Khan, M.V.,Zaman, M.,Farouk, A.E.,Khan, R.H.,Choi, I. Elsevier 2017 International journal of biological macromolecules Vol.105 No.3
Erucic acid (EA) is one of the key fatty acids usually found in canola oil, mustard oil and rapeseed oil. Consumption of EA in primates was found to cause myocardial lipidosis and cardiac steatosis. To have an insight of the effect of EA in humans, we performed in vitro interaction studies of EA with the primary plasma protein, human serum albumin (HSA). Spectroscopic (UV-vis and fluorescence) analysis of the HSA-EA interaction revealed a static mode of quenching with binding constant K<SUB>b</SUB> ~10<SUP>4</SUP> reflecting high affinity of EA for HSA. The negative value of ΔG<SUP>o</SUP> for binding of EA to HSA in the fluorescence studies indicates the process to be spontaneous. Thermodynamic signatures of the HSA-EA interaction in the complex reflect dominance of hydrogen bonds. Despite predominance of hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions in the HSA-EA complex were found acting as a contributing factor in the binding of EA to HSA, observed as structural change in the far-UV CD spectra. Forster's resonance energy transfer of the EA-HSA complex revealed a distance of 3.2nm between acceptor molecules (EA) and the donor Trp residue of HSA. To have a deeper insight of the structural dependence of the HSA-EA interaction in the complex, thermodynamic study was supplemented with molecular docking. The molecular docking analysis further highlighted the EA binding in the subdomain IIIA (Sudlow site II) of HSA. The information generated in the study reflects greater pharmacological significance of EA and highlights its importance in the clinical medicine.
3D FEM simulations for the homogeneity of plastic deformation in Al–Cu alloys during ECAP
Mahallawy, Nahed El,Shehata, Farouk A.,Hameed, Mohamed Abd El,Aal, Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El,Kim, Hyoung Seop Elsevier 2010 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.527 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is a material processing method that allows very high strains to be imposed, leading to extreme work hardening and microstructural refinement. To investigate the deformation homogeneity in the transverse direction, rigid-viscoplastic 3D finite element simulations were conducted for the different numbers of ECAP passes of Al with Cu contents 0–5%. The simulation results indicated that the material on the outer side of the die channel undergoes less deformation than that in the inner side due to the formation of a corner gap. It was also found that the homogeneity increased with increasing the number of ECAP passes and the copper content due to the decrease in the size of the corner gap. To verify the 3D finite element simulation results, the microhardness homogeneity across the transverse direction of the billet was measured. The same trend was observed: the homogeneity in hardness increased with increasing the number of ECAP passes and Cu contents from 0% to 5%. The homogeneity of deformation indicated by microhardness and by FEM results was higher for route A compared with route Bc and increases with the number of ECAP passes. The homogeneity in route A was higher than that in route Bc by 10% after 2 passes up to 8 passes.</P>
Tensile Properties and Fracture Characteristics of ECAP-Processed Al and Al-Cu Alloys
Mohamed Ibrahim Abd El Aal,Nahed El Mahallawy,Farouk A. Shehata,Mohamed Abd El Hameed,윤은유,이정환,김형섭 대한금속·재료학회 2010 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.16 No.5
In the present paper, billets of pure Al, and cast-homogenized Al-2 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.% Cu alloys were successfully processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to 10 passes without fracture at room temperature using a die with a channel angle of 110o. Giant strains imposed on workpieces lead to extreme dislocation densities, microstructural refinement, and finally ultrafine grained materials. Tensile tests were employed to examine the fracture modes and fracture surface morphologies of the ECAP-processed Al and Al-Cu alloy samples. In particular, the effects of the number of ECAP passes and the Cu content were investigated.
Osama Eldamshety,Sherif Kotb,Ashraf Khater,Waleed Elnahas,Sameh Roshdy,Mohamed S. Zahi,Hend M.H. Rashed Elkalla,Omar Farouk,Ahmed Senbel,Adel Fathi,Emad-Eldeen Hamed,Khaled Abdelwahab,Islam A. Elzahby 대한대장항문학회 2020 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.36 No.3
Purpose: The study aims to assess the functional outcome of anal sphincter-sparing procedures (SSP) with total mesorectal excision (TME) for anorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: In a multicentric, prospective, single-group study in the period between December 2012 and November 2017, 93 patients presented with anorectal adenocarcinoma were included in the study. Sixty-nine patients underwent SSP with TME. SSP included the combined approach of transabdominal TME with intersphincteric resection (ISR) or transanal transabdominal TME. Using the per anal examination scoring system (PASS), postoperative anal function was assessed after 1 year. Results: Bowel motility time was 50±19 hours. The time needed for narcotic analgesia was 54±18.8 hours. Mean hospital stay was 15.4±10.25 days. Incidence of evident fecal incontinence after ISR is 10.6% (7 of 67 cases). The PASS findings of 69 cases are as follows: extremely hypotonic 8.6% (6 cases), slightly hypotonic 26.1% (18 cases), normal tone 58% (40 cases), slightly stenotic 3 cases (4.3%), or occluded 2.9% (2 cases). Urinary dysfunction occurred in 1 case (1.4%). Temporary diversion was performed in 61 patients (87.1%). Conclusion: Sphincter preservation with TME for anorectal adenocarcinoma helps avoid permanent stoma and provides reasonable functional outcomes. PASS is a new application for postoperative assessment of anal function.
Physicochemical Changes in UV-Exposed Low-Density Polyethylene Films
Salem, M.A.,Farouk, H.,Kashif, I. The Polymer Society of Korea 2002 Macromolecular Research Vol.10 No.3
Unstabilized low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films and films formulated with hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) were exposed to UV-radiation; and the physicochemical changes during photooxidation processes have been investigated using tensile, FTIR spectre-photometric and thermal analytical (DSC) techniques. The dependence of tensile properties (elongation- and stress-at-break), carboxyl index and heat of fusion on UV-irradiation time have been discussed. The use of HALS is found to be effective in maintaining the UV-mechanical properties of the LDPE films. The experimental results showed that there exists no correlation between mechanical properties and carbonyl index, whereas crystallinity correlates well with carbonyl index in unstabilized and stabilized films for irradiation times greater than 100 h. The rate of formation of carbonyl groups is found to be dependent on UV exposure time. Crystallinity of the film samples is strongly influenced by both exposure time and presence of HALS.
Multipartite Correlation Degradation in Amplitude-Damping Quantum Channels
J. Batle,A. Farouk,M. Alkhambashi,S. Abdalla 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.70 No.7
Multipartite correlations, such as entanglement and non-locality, are considered when particles pass through a generalized amplitude-damping channel. Results for pure and mixed states for two qubits suggest that initial mixed states can still be considered provided that their degree of mixture is low enough. Also, the ensuing small values for non-locality suggest that instances involving more than three parties cannot easily be considered for practical purposes.