$\gamma$-plane 사파이어 기판 위에 성장한 무분극 ${alpha}$-plane GaN 층의 전기적 비등방성 연구

김재범,김동호,황성민,김태근,Kim, Jae-Bum,Kim, Dong-Ho,Hwang, Sung-Min,Kim, Tae-Geun 대한전자공학회 2010 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.47 No.8

본 논문에서는 무분극 GaN층에서 관찰되는 성장축의 방향성에 따른 전기적 비등방성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구를 위해 $\gamma$-plane 사파이어 기판 상에 유기화학기상증착법 (Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition)을 이용하여 600 nm 두께의 ${\alpha}$-plane n-type GaN층을 성장시킨 후, Ti/Al/Ni/Au (20 nm/ 150 nm/ 30 nm/ 100 nm) 오믹 전극을 증착하여 transfer length method (TLM)로 접촉저항을 측정하였다. 그 결과, ${\alpha}$-plane GaN층이 갖는 축의 방향성에 의한 접촉저항이 차이는 없는 것을 확인하였고, 면저항 측정 시에는 m-축 방향에 비해 c-축 방향에서 발생하는 면저항 값이 약 25%~75% 정도 크게 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 전기적 특성의 비등방성은 c-축 성장방향에 대해 수직방향을 갖는 기저적층결함 (basal stacking faults)의 생성으로 인한 전자들의 거동 저하에 의한 것으로 사료된다. We report on the electrical properties of Ti/Al/Ni/Au (20 nm/ 150 nm/ 30 nm/ 100 nm) Ohmic contacts and the anisotropic conductivity of n-type ${\alpha}$-plane ([11-20]) GaN grown on $\gamma$-plane ([1-102]) sapphire substrates. The Ti/Al/Ni/Au Ohmic contacts and their sheet resistances are characterized by using the transfer length method (TLM) as a function of azimuthal angles. It is found that the specific contact resistance does not depend on the axis orientation and there are significant electrical anisotropy in ${\alpha}$-plane GaN films on $\gamma$-plane sapphire substrates, and the sheet resistance varies with azimuthal angles. The sheet resistance values in the direction parallel to m-axis [1-100] are 25% ~ 75% lower than those parallel to c-axis [0001] directions. Thus, Basal stacking faults (BSFs) are offered as a feasible source of the anisotropic mobility in defected m-axis direction because the band-edge discontinuities owing to the differential band gap structure.

식도암의 수술에서 transhiatal 술식의 역할

김재범,박창권,Kim, Jae-Bum,Park, Chang-Kwon 대한기관식도과학회 2009 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

Background : Controversy exists whether patients with esophageal carcinoma are best managed with classical Ivor Lewis esophagectomy(ILO) as combined thoracic and abdominal approach or transhiatal esophagectomy(THO). The THO approach is known to be superior with respect to operative time, morbidity and mortality, and length of stay, especially at poor pulmonary function patient, but may represent an inferior cancer operation due to inadequate mediastinal clearance compared with ILO. Accordingly, we estimated the THO role at esophageal cancer to compare each operative approach. Material and Method : From January 2002 to December 2007, we performed a retrospective review of all esophagectomies performed at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center; 36 underwent THO, and 11 underwent ILO. Result : There were all men and squamous cell carcinoma but 1 woman at ILO group, 2 women at THO group. There were no significant differences between THO and ILO with age, sex, location of tumor, mean tumor length. There were significant differences at preoperative pulmonary function test(In ILO group, average FEV1 is $2.65{\pm}0.6\;L/min$ and iIn THO group, average FEV1 is $2.07{\pm}0.7\;L/min$). The amount of blood transfusion, hospital stay, leak rates and respiratory complication, hospital mortality rate were not significantly different. Conclusion : There was no significant difference in the post-operative complication, hospital mortality rate, long-term survival of patients of both operative method. THO method had lower mobidity and mortality at poor pulmonary function patient than ILO method. Hence, THO is a valid alternative to ILO for patients with poor general condition or expected post-operative respiratory complication.

경열공 식도절제술을 이용한 부식성 식도협착증의 치료

김재범,박창권,Kim, Jae-Bum,Park, Chang-Kwon 대한기관식도과학회 2009 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

Background: Surgical treatment of corrosive esophageal stricture with colon interposition was very widely used. The colon interposition advantage is low reflux esophagitis risk and preservation of gastric capacity and peristalsis. This procedure was introduced by Orsoni and much improved. But, if stomach injury was minimal, gastric interposition is useful due to simple technique and low complication. Material and Method: Esophageal reconstruction by the transhiatal esophagectomy and intracervical esophagogastrostomy was done in 7 patients of corrosive esophageal stricture at Dong-San medical center from January 1998 to December 2007. Result: There were six female and one male patients raBackground Surgical treatment of corrosive esophageal stricture with colon interposition was very widely used. The colon interposition advantage is low reflux esophagitis risk and preservation of gastric capacity and peristalsis. This procedure was introduced by Orsoni and much improved. But, if stomach injury was minimal, gastric interposition is useful due to simple technique and low complication. Material and Method: Esophageal reconstruction by the transhiatal esophagectomy and intracervical esophagogastrostomy was done in 7 patients of corrosive esophageal stricture at Dong-San medical center from January 1998 to December 2007. Result: There were six female and one male patients ranging from 29 to 69 years of age. The complication was two anastomosis site leakage, one gastric necrosis and one mortality due to bowel strangulation and sepsis. Conclusion: Transhiatal esophagectomy and intracervical esophagogastrostomy is safety and useful method at selection case even though corrosive esophageal resection is debated.

ALD법으로 제조된 Al₂O₃ 박막의 물리적 특성

김재범,권덕렬,오기영,이종무,Kim, Jae-Bum,Kwon, Duk-Ryel,Oh, Ki-Young,Lee, Chong-Mu 한국재료학회 2002 한국재료학회지 Vol.12 No.6

$Al_2O_3$ is a promising gate dielectric because of its high dielectric constant, high resistivity and low leakage current. Since $OH^-$ radical in $Al_2O_3$ films deposited by ALD using TMA and $H_2O$ degrades the good properties of $Al_2O_3$, TMA and $O_3$ were used to deposite $Al_2O_3$ films and the effects of $O_3$ on the properties of the $Al_2O_3$ films were investigated. The growth rate of the $Al_2O_3$ film under the optimum condition was 0.85 $\AA$/cycle. According to the XPS analysis results the $OH^-$ concentration in the $Al_2O_3$ film deposited using $O_3$ is lower than that using $H_2O$. RBS analysis results indicate the chemical formula of the film is $Al_{2.2}O_{2.8}$. The carbon concentration in the film detected by AES is under 1 at%. SEM observation confirms that the step coverage of the $Al_2O_3$ film deposited by ALD using $O_3$ is nearly 100%.

Tracheal and esophageal injury by fish bone

김재범,박창권,Kim, Jae-Bum,Park, Chang-Kwon The Korean Bronchoesophagological Society 2008 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

Tracheal injury associated with esophageal injury due to fish bone is very rare. Also, treatment of mediastinitis due to esophageal perforation when it is diagnosed late remains controversial. We report the case that we have successfully experienced treatment of mediastinitis due to tracheal and esophageal injury by fish bone.

중간 기관지 내 이물의 수술적 치료

김재범,박창권,Kim, Jae-Bum,Park, Chang-Kwon 대한기관식도과학회 2010 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

Occult bronchial foreign body is that long-standing foreign body lodge in bronchial tree. Occult bronchial foreign bodies arc rare in adults, whereas tracheobronchial aspiration of foreign bodies occurs commonly in children. A 65-year-old man with chronic cough, sputum production, and fever was transferred for treatment of right middle and lower lobc collapse and obstructive pneumonitis as evidenced by imaging studies. The patient was treated with right middle-lower bilobectomy because fiberoptic bronchoscopic removal of the foreign body failed. We report this case with review of literatures.

한ㆍ미 정상회담 이후 외교의 길

김재범 ( Kim Jae-bum ) 한국외교협회 2021 외교 Vol.138 No.0

우리나라는 2021년 5월 21일 워싱턴에서 열린 한ㆍ미 정상회담을 통해 동맹인 미국과 전략적 협력동반자인 중국 사이에서 추구하는 전략적 이익균형을 잘 보여줬다. 분야별 주요성과는 국군 미사일사거리 제한 완전해제, 경제기술 동맹 추구, 범세계 코로나19 백신 동반관계 수립, 한반도평화과정 추진, 원전 시장 공동 진출 합의 등 다양하다. 회담의 성과가 한ㆍ미 간의 긴밀한 협의의 산물이었던 것과 같이, 충실한 이행을 위해서도 긴밀한 의사소통, 조율 및 공조가 요구되는 한편, 제3국과의 관계를 어떻게 조화할 것인가의 과제에 당면했다. 모든 상대국을 항상 만족케 할 수는 없으나, 외교의 지향점은 먼저 동맹과, 다음은 동반자 및 인근국과 가능한 최선의 관계를 구축하여 후임자에게 인계하는 일이다. 우리나라는 세계 최강대국들에게 둘러싸인 분단국으로서 역내에서는 국력을 제대로 발휘하지 못해온 실정이지만, 10대 강국의 하나로서 범세계적 역할이 다대하므로 제3지역에서 영향력을 발휘함으로써 그 효과가 한반도 및 주변지역으로 파급되도록 유도하는 전략을 구사해야 할 것이다. 그러기 위해서는 동맹인 미국이 속한 국제기구의 회원국들과 긴밀한 협력관계를 꾸준히 강화해나야 한다. 탈냉전시대에 세계가 ‘서방 대 나머지’로 분화되었다면 탈세계화시대에는 ‘중국 대 나머지’로 변모하고 있다. 이와 같은 상황 하에서 우리나라가 어느 편에 설 것인가라는 원칙적 물음에 대한 답은 자명하나, 중국에 인접한 분단국이라는 지정학적 특수성으로 인하여 구체적 상황과 시기에 따라 적합한 조치를 취해나갈 수밖에 없고 또 그런 사정을 우방국들에게 이해시켜야 한다. 굳건한 한ㆍ미동맹을 기반으로 중국과의 전략적 협력동반자관계도 발전시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 남북대화 및 한ㆍ일관계 개선도 도모하는 선순환 고리를 형성할 수 있을 것이다. 정부는 앞으로도 격변을 거듭할 주변정세에 능동적이고 선제적으로 대응하여 현실에 부합한 균형과 율동을 구사하는 외교의 길을 걸어가기 바란다. Through the Moon-Biden summit meeting in Washington, DC on May 21, the Republic of Korea adequately evinced the strategic balance of interest it pursues between the United States, its ally, and the People’s Republic of China, its partner for strategic cooperation. Major results from the summit were diverse in a range of fields, including the complete abolishment of missile range for the ROK armed forces, pursuit of economic and technological alliance, formation of global COVID-19 vaccine partnership, promotion of peace process on the Korean Peninsula, and agreement to jointly advance to nuclear power plant markets. As the results were products from close consultations between the two countries, intimate communication, coordination, and collaboration are also required for their fruitful implementation. On the other hand, the ROK has faced with the task of how to harmonize the results in relation to third countries. Although it is not possible to satisfy all the counterpart states, the ultimate goal for diplomacy is to build possibly optimum relationships first with the ally, next with partners and neighbors and then hand them over to successors. The reality is that it has not been possible for the ROK, as a divided nation surrounded by the most powerful ones, to properly project its national power in the region. Yet as it has abundant global roles to play as one of the ten major states in the world, the ROK needs to unfold strategies to exercise its influence in third regions and to lead the effects from it to spread to the Korean Peninsula and its surrounding area. To make it happen, the ROK should keep on strengthening its close cooperative ties with the member states of international organizations to which the United States is affiliated. If the world was bifurcated into “the West versus the rest” in the post-Cold War era, it is being transformed into “China and the rest” in this post-globalization age. Under such circumstances, the answer is clear to a question in principle by which side the ROK should stand. But owing to its geopolitical particularity as a divided country located close to China, the ROK cannot but continue to take appropriate actions in compliance with concrete situations and times, which it should in turn make such circumstances understood by its friends. Only on the basis of a stout ROK-U.S. alliance, it is possible not merely to develop its partnership for strategic cooperation with the PRC but also to create a virtuous circle for North-South dialogue and the improvement of ROK-Japan relations. Also going forward, it is hoped that the ROK government will take roads to diplomacy on which it takes balances and rhythms appropriate to the realities, while responding positively and proactively to the surrounding situations that will repeat drastic changes.

의안통과를 위한 계속회 결의의 적법성

김재범 ( Jae Bum Kim ) 한국상사판례학회 2005 상사판례연구 Vol.18 No.4

대출결정시 금융기관 이사의 주의의무와 경영판단의 원칙 -대상판결 : 대법원 2006.11.9 선고 2004다41651, 41668 판결-

김재범 ( Jae Bum Kim ) 한국상사판례학회 2008 상사판례연구 Vol.21 No.1

정치인 이미지 구성 요인과 유권자의 투표 행위

김재범(Jae Bum Kim),최믿음(Mi Deum Choi) 한국광고홍보학회 2013 광고연구 Vol.0 No.98

정치인의 이미지는 정치 커뮤니케이션 영역에서 유권자의 정당 충성도 및 후보자가 제시하는 정책 이슈와 함께 투표의사 결정 모델에서 중요한 요인으로 간주되어 왔다. 특히 정치적 이슈가 날로 복잡해지고 후보자들이 내세우는 공약의 차이마저 줄어들면서 정당의 특성이나 이슈보다도 미디어를 통해 전달되는 정치인의 이미지가 중요해지기 시작하였다. 이에 따라 다양한 연구들이 정치인 이미지를 구성하는 요소를 밝히고 나아가 정치인의 종합적인 이미지가 유권자의 정치적 행동에 미치는 영향력을 설명해 왔다. 그러나 그간의 정치인 이미지 요인을 추출하는 방법은 비교적 제한적이었다고 판단된다. 이에 이 연구는 정치인 이미지 구성 요인에 대한 근본적 물음을 던져보는 데 목적을 두고 정치인 이미지가 어떠한 하위 차원으로 구성되는가를 보다 체계적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 아울러 새롭게 구성된 정치인 이미지 요인이 유권자의 정치 선거(대통령 선거, 국회의원 재보궐 선거) 투표의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 연구결과 정치인(대통령, 국회의원)의 이미지를 구성하는 요인은 ‘부정부패/독선, 능력, 기회/지역이기주의, 인기/목소리, 배경, 리더십/카리스마, 외향/말솜씨, 정의/성실’ 등의 요인으로 나타났다. 아울러 이와 같은 이미지 요인 중에서 ‘부정부패/독선’ 요인은 대통령 선거 투표의도에 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, ‘정의/성실’ 요인, ‘목소리/인기’ 요인, ‘배경’ 요인이 국회의원 선거 투표의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 시대적 상황에 부합하는 정치인 이미지 요인 구조를 밝히기 위해 이를 측정할 수 있는 정치인 이미지 측정 항목을 체계적인 절차를 통해 개발하고 분석하였다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다. A statesman`s image delivered via media has begun to be more important than the party`s characteristics or issues as political issues got increasingly complicated and differences in pledges among candidates got reduced. Accordingly, various studies have clarified elements composing a statesman`s image and further accounted for the influence of a statesman`s general image on electors` political behavior. However, the current researcher believes that the methods of extracting image factors of statesmen have been limited so far. Thus, for the purpose of asking radical questions about the componential elements of statesmen`s images, this study tries to more systematically analyze what sub-dimensions statesmen`s images consist of. In addition, in examines the influence of the elements of the composed images of statesmen on the voting intention in political elections. As a result, it has turned out that the factors constituting statesmen`s(including the president and congressmen) images include corruption/self-righteousness, competence, opportunity/local egoism, popularity/voice, background, leadership/charisma, extrovertedness/speech skills, justice/sincerity. In addition, of those image factors, the corruption/self-righteousness factor has turned out to have negative influence on the voting intention in the presidential election, and the factors of justice/sincerity, voice/popularity, and background have appeared to have influence on the general election. This study is significant in that it has developed measurement items for statesmen`s images through a systematic procedure and analyzed the structure of factors in order to explicate the structure of the factors of statesmen`s images in accordance with the contemporary situations.