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이완규,강필용,도경효,구본상 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2022 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.23 No.3
Lactic acid bacteria as probiotics are intensively used in human and animal species. These probiotic properties of LABs were variable according to bacterial strain and species. However, there was limited information on probiotic properties of monkey origin LABs. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of monkey and human origin LABs against monkey ori-gin enteric bacteria by the agar disc diffusion test and broth culture inhibition assay. All LABs represented enough tolerance to pepsin (0.3%) and bile acid (pH = 2). To 50% of Clostridium perfringens and 20% of Escherichia coli, monkey origin LABs showed statistically higher anti-bacterial activity compared to human origin LABs (p < 0.05). Also, distinct antibacterial activity was verified among some bacteria species and strains. Higher antibacterial activity against enteric bacteria except for C. perfringens was verified in Lactobacillus johnsonii strains compared to Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus salivarius. Statistically different antibacterial activity against C. perfringens was verified among strains within L. reuteri and L. johnsonii. In conclusion, we prove the higher probiotic properties of monkey origin LABs against homoge-nous enteric bacteria although humans and monkeys were phylogenetically similar species. For non-human primates, homogenous LABs should be used as probiotics, not human origin LABs. Furthermore, it was confirmed among monkey origin LABs, L. johnsonii showed a high antibacterial activity on various enteric pathogenic bacteria and was an appropriate lactic acid strain for inhibiting C. perfringens.
이완규,박병은,Kyoung Eun Park 대한금속·재료학회 2013 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.19 No.3
Precursor films based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) and P(VDF-TrFE) blended with Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 were deposited on Si (100) substrates by spin-coating, and subsequently annealed at 443 K for 0.5 h. These films were then characterized using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and capacitance-voltage curves. Blending the precursor films of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 with P(VDF-TrFE) led to the formation of an amorphous oxide whose concentration was proportional to the Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 content. This resulted in extension of the memory-window width with a large voltage difference ranging from 0.07 V to 4.5 V for metal-ferroelectric-silicon capacitors. Moreover, the formation of the amorphous oxide resulted in parallel shifts toward positive or negative voltages in the capacitance-voltage curves because of the fixed negative or positive charge of the oxide at the ferroelectric/Si-substrate interface. These tunable ferroelectric properties open up possibilities for diverse applications and are essential for functional devices, as well as for the commercialization of nonvolatile high-density FeRAM devices.