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이근종,강신일 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 1998 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.12
The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematic variants involved during a stooded ENDO motion the high bar. These variants were used as part of the data to further develop the movement technique. Three national gymnasts served as subjects. The results were compared and then analyzed The conclusions were as follows : First, a high Peak Center Mass (PCM) with an extended shoulder and hip angle during Phase 1. caused the vertical descent velocity to increase at Phase 2. Second, a reduced hip angle at Low Center Mass (LCM) reduced inertia and caused an increase angular velocity. This accelerated the velocity during the vertical ascent and produced greater turning point in the3 Phase. Third, a high vertical speed at the center of gravity, while the gymnast pulled his feet through his arms, helped him avoid touching the bar. Fourth, when all three phases executed properly, the fourth phase was done easily. Consequently, the angle of the main joint at PCM and the angle of the hip during the second and third phases were the most signficant variants affecting the execution of the stooped ENDO motion.
이금산 대한본초학회 2019 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.34 No.6
Objectives : Ephedra regeliana, although similar to the other E. sinica, E. intermedia, and E. equisetina, is not authorized by The Korean Pharmacopoeia and yet has also been imported under the name of 'Ma-Hwang'. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative anatomical evaluation of Ephedrae Sinicae Herba (ESH), Ephedrae Intermedicae Herba (EIH), Ephedrae Equisetinae Herba (EEH) and Ephedrae Regelianae Herba (ERH). Methods : Permanent paraffin-embedded specimens were produced using the paraffin-tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) method, to visualize their anatomical features via light microscopy. Results : ESH and ERH transverse sections were in the shape of a long ellipse, while those of EIH and EEH were in the shape of a circle. These anatomical characteristics substantiated the results of external morphological examination. The sections revealed that each of the four samples showed significantly different cortexes. The cortex of ESH was wider than two thirds of the section, unlike that of the other samples which was relatively narrow. The xylems of ERH, EIH, and EEH demonstrated interconnectivity with other adjacent xylems, contrary to those in ESH. Therefore, the characteristic development of the xylems over time was used to distinguish ERH from the other. Furthermore, parenchymal morphology in the central cylinder was also a good criterion to differentiate between EIH and EEH, since EIH demonstrated parenchymal cells that were shaped like a rounded-triangle, whereas EEH parenchymal cells were chrysanthemum-shaped. Conclusions : The identification-keys established in this study would facilitate the accurate identification of microscopic features of the four varieties of 'Ma-Hwang'.