행인(杏仁)의 본초학적 고찰

이금산 한약정보연구회 2019 한약정보연구회지 Vol.7 No.2

There are two types of Hangin (杏仁): Cheom-Hangin (甛杏仁) and Go-Hangin (苦杏仁). However, it was not previously known which species of the apricot kernel they belonged to. This study aimed to review medicinal uses of various Hangin by comparing herbological bibliographies and morphological investigations. Results obtained revealed: 1) From the last period of the Ming Dynasty to the period of the Qing Dynasty, Cheom-Hangin (甛杏仁) was presumed to be Padan-Hangin (巴旦杏仁, Pruni Dulcis Semen). 2) Although Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China presented Nam-Hangin (南杏仁, Pruni Armenicae Semen) as Go-Hangin (苦杏仁), Nam-Hangin (南杏仁) was still marketed as Cheom-Hangin (甛杏仁). 3) Ya-Hangin (野杏仁, Pruni Ansus Semen), Dongbuk-Hangin (東北杏仁, Pruni Mandshuricae Semen), San-Hangin (山杏仁, Pruni Sibiricae Semen) and Nam-Hangin (南杏仁) were used to treat the relative excess syndrome, and Padan-Hangin (巴旦杏仁) to treat relative deficiency syndrome of the Lung. 4) Unlike other samples, Ya-Hangin (野杏仁) and San-Hangin (山杏仁) were indistinguishable from each other in shape. The results of this study highlight the medicinal uses of two types of Hangin (杏仁). These results should be supported by further studies such as genetic analysis.

麻黃과 그 위품의 내부형태감별

이금산 대한본초학회 2019 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.34 No.6

Objectives : Ephedra regeliana, although similar to the other E. sinica, E. intermedia, and E. equisetina, is not authorized by The Korean Pharmacopoeia and yet has also been imported under the name of 'Ma-Hwang'. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative anatomical evaluation of Ephedrae Sinicae Herba (ESH), Ephedrae Intermedicae Herba (EIH), Ephedrae Equisetinae Herba (EEH) and Ephedrae Regelianae Herba (ERH). Methods : Permanent paraffin-embedded specimens were produced using the paraffin-tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) method, to visualize their anatomical features via light microscopy. Results : ESH and ERH transverse sections were in the shape of a long ellipse, while those of EIH and EEH were in the shape of a circle. These anatomical characteristics substantiated the results of external morphological examination. The sections revealed that each of the four samples showed significantly different cortexes. The cortex of ESH was wider than two thirds of the section, unlike that of the other samples which was relatively narrow. The xylems of ERH, EIH, and EEH demonstrated interconnectivity with other adjacent xylems, contrary to those in ESH. Therefore, the characteristic development of the xylems over time was used to distinguish ERH from the other. Furthermore, parenchymal morphology in the central cylinder was also a good criterion to differentiate between EIH and EEH, since EIH demonstrated parenchymal cells that were shaped like a rounded-triangle, whereas EEH parenchymal cells were chrysanthemum-shaped. Conclusions : The identification-keys established in this study would facilitate the accurate identification of microscopic features of the four varieties of 'Ma-Hwang'.

우담남성(牛膽南星)의 본초학적 고찰

이금산,도의정,이승호,김정훈 한약정보연구회 2020 한약정보연구회지 Vol.8 No.2

Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparata cum Bovis Fel (牛膽南星, U-dam-nam-seong, ARPBF) is a drug used for the purpose of resolving phlegm in a child's infantile convulsion, by infiltrating Arisaematis Rhizoma (天南星, Cheon-nam-seong), a rhizome of Arisaema amurense Maximowicz (Araceae), in Bovis Fel (膽汁, Dam-jeup) — the bile of Bos taurus domesticus Gmelin (Bovidae) — and drying it in the wind and shade. The purpose of this study is to examine the origin and processing method of ARPBF recorded in literature and to review its effects. The use of Arisaematis Rhizoma as a phlegm-resolving medicine began after the Song Dynasty. Subsequently, various processing methods of Arisaematis Rhizoma were developed and used to manufacture ARPBF. The period when ARPBF was used was the 11th century North Song Dynasty. ARPBF reduces adverse effects by alleviating the drying effect of Arisaematis Rhizoma, clearing the heat-dispelling phlegm, and calming the liver to extinguish wind. However, the processing time of ARPBF tended to increase from 100 days to years over time. Therefore, it is necessary to study the standard processing method in the future, as there is little basis for the regulation that mammalian bile other than Bovis Fel can be used in the pharmacopoeia of the processing method in other countries.

은시호(銀柴胡)의 기원에 대한 문헌 고찰

이금산,도의정,이승호,김정훈 한약정보연구회 2021 한약정보연구회지 Vol.9 No.1

Eunsiho (銀柴胡, Stellariae seu Gypsophilae Radix) is defined as the root of Stellaria dichotoma var. lanceolata Bunge or Gypsophila oldhamiana Miq. (Caryophyllaceae) in the Korean Herbal Pharmacopeia. However, the medicinal origin of Eunsiho has often been confused with that of Siho (柴胡, Bupleuri Radix) because of the similarities in their names and efficacies. Therefore, in this study, the medicinal origin of Eunsiho was investigated botanically and pharmacologically through classic and modern herbal literature review. Eunsiho was recognized as a specific local product or counterfeit of Siho in the early 16th century. However, since the late 16th century, the medicinal application of Eunsiho was moved to another category, namely a deficiency heat-clearing medicine, which is different from that of Siho. Original Eunsiho was confirmed by morphological characteristics of its root (namely whitish-yellow color, larger size, and soft texture) and its efficacy (clearing bone-steaming fever); however, since the 19th century, they were identified as light black color, slender size, with exterior-releasing effect. After S. dichotoma var. lanceolata was registered as the origin of Eunsiho in Chinese Pharmacopeia in 1963, the Saneunsiho (山銀柴胡) species were treated as counterfeits or alternatives of Eunsiho. S. dichotoma var. lanceolata was officially added in the Pharmacopeia in 2011. However, the roots of G. oldhamiana are exclusively used as Eunsiho in Korean Pharmacopeia. Unfortunately, the medicinal use of G. oldhamiana lacks sufficient evidence. Therefore, further studies are necessary to provide clear evidence of the medicinal use of G. oldhamiana.

Identification and monitoring of Korean medicines derived from Cinnamomum spp. by using ITS and DNA marker

이금산,도의정,김정훈,오승은 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.1

In this study, we identified and evaluated the genetic relationships among Cinnamomum plants, which are used in traditional medicine. We also attempted to monitor the distribution of traditional medicines derived from Cinnamomum cassia by using DNA barcoding and a species-specific DNA marker. Plants of the genus Cinnamomum, and in particular C. cassia, are commonly used as medicinal herbs in the form of Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamomi Cortex, and Cassiae Cortex Interior. However, it is difficult to distinguish among different Cinnamomum species based on morphological features, and so to overcome this limitation, nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of Cinnamomum DNA were determined and compared. On the basis of the discrepancy in determined ITS sequences, a 408-bp product, amplified by the primer pair CC F1/CC R3, was developed as a C. cassia-specific DNA marker. Using the developed DNA marker in combination with the ITS 2 nucleotide sequence, we monitored imported and commercially supplied medicinal products derived from Cinnamomum plants in markets in Korean, China, and Japan. The results revealed that most of the specimens monitored were derived from C. cassia.

영지(靈芝)의 본초학적 고찰

이금산,도의정,김정훈 한약정보연구회 2020 한약정보연구회지 Vol.8 No.1

Ganoderma (靈芝, Yeong-ji), the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum or G. sinense, is used to treat insomnia, excessive dreaming, palpitation, forgetfulness, and lung deficiency-induced cough. The therapeutic efficacy of Ganoderma has historically been overstated and mythicized due to its scarcity, rarity, and high price. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the changes in recognition of Ganoderma by screening the associated studies. The morphologies of two locally circulated species were compared through macroscopic observation. The mystification and exaggeration of the efficacy of Ganoderma in published literature could be attributed to its scarcity since the Jin (秦) and Han (漢) dynasties to the early Myeong (明) dynasty. However, the compendium of materia medica (本草綱目, Bonchogangmok) expressed doubts about the overstated efficacy of Ganoderma. In the Myeong (明) and Cheong (淸) dynasties, and the Joseon (朝鮮) dynasty, Ganoderma was scarcely used to compose herbal formulae. Recently, Jeok-ji (赤芝), which is popularly cultivated and circulated in Eastern Asia, was recognized as the fruiting body of G. lingzhi, a newly identified species genetically distant from G. lucidum. Further investigation of the Ganoderma grown in Korea would be necessary to understand the differences between the species of Ganoderma.

滿洲朝鮮人驅逐に就て(三)

金山 朝鮮思想通信社 1928 朝鮮思想通信 Vol.- No.570

滿洲朝鮮人驅逐に就て(一)

金山 朝鮮思想通信社 1928 朝鮮思想通信 Vol.- No.568

滿洲朝鮮人驅逐に就いて(四)

金山 朝鮮思想通信社 1928 朝鮮思想通信 Vol.- No.571

滿洲朝鮮人驅逐に就て(二)

金山 朝鮮思想通信社 1928 朝鮮思想通信 Vol.- No.569